Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:24:00Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2012-02-29Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T19:30:27Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 moreira_lm_me_arafcl.pdf: 689731 bytes, checksum: 81f9ebc2414f7bcfbde711e3f4685b61 (MD5) / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / Ganhos econômicos do comércio podem esconder custos ambientais, quando o comércio for baseado na exploração intensiva de recursos naturais e geração de impactos ambientais. Assim, o padrão de comércio pode representar sérias restrições para um desenvolvimento sustentável. Nesta dissertação, analisamos o perfil ambiental da pauta exportadora brasileira, no período de 1990 a 2010, com o objetivo verificar a vulnerabilidade ambiental do comércio. Para tanto, e com base na metodologia aplicada por Schaper (1999), empregamos três grupos de indicadores ambientais, assim definidos por Grossman e Krueger (1995): efeito escala, efeito composição e efeito tecnológico. Aqui, mede-se o efeito escala pelo volume de produtos primários, commodities, intensivos no uso de recursos naturais e o volume de exportação das indústrias ambientalmente sensíveis (de acordo com os critérios estabelecidos por Low e Yeats, 1992). Mensura-se o efeito composição pelo Índice de Especialização das Exportações do Brasil para o mundo, que mostra a contribuição de cada setor (commodities e produtos industriais) para o total das exportações do país. O efeito tecnológico, por sua vez, é mensurado por dois indicadores (baseados em fontes estatísticas da CEPAL): participação das importações de “bens de progresso técnico” no total das importações brasileiras e Índice de Especialização Tecnológica (desenvolvido por Alcorta e Peres, 1998). Como base de dados sobre comércio exterior brasileiro foi utilizado o Aliceweb, sistema de informações sobre comércio exterior da Secretaria de Comércio Exterior (SECEX), do Ministério do Desenvolvimento, Indústria e Comércio Exterior (MDIC). Os resultados corroboram a hipótese de vulnerabilidade ambiental da pauta exportadora brasileira, que continua baseada em produtos primários e industriais intensivos no uso de recursos naturais e com elevado potencial contaminante / Economic gains from foreign trade can hide environmental costs when trade is intensively based on natural resources involving high environmental impacts. The trade pattern can pose serious constrains for the transition to a sustainable development. This dissertation presents an analysis of the environmental profile of the Brazilian foreign trade in the period 1990-2010. It examines a set of environmental indicators to check the environmental vulnerability of trade, based on the methodology applied by Schaper (1999). Three groups of indicators are used here for the scale, composition and technological effects as defined by Grossman and Krueger (1995). The scale effect is measured by the volume of primary products, commodities that are intensive in the use of natural resources, and the volume of exports of environmental sensitive industries (according to Low and Yeats, 1992). The composition effect is measured by the Export Specialization Index which shows the contribution of each sector (commodities and industrial products) to the total exports by Brazil. Technological effect employs two indicators (based on ECLAC’ statistical resources): share of imports of “goods for technical progress” in the Brazilian total imports, and the Technological Specialization Index (developed by Alcorta and Peres, 1998). The data source for the Brazilian foreign trade used here is Aliceweb - the information system on foreign trade of the Secretariat of Foreign Trade (SECEX), the Ministry of Development, Industry and Foreign Trade (MDIC). The results corroborate the hypothesis of environmental vulnerability of the Brazilian exports, which are still based on primary and industrial products with intensive use of natural resources and high potential contaminant

Orientador: Luciana Togeiro de Almeida / Banca: Stela Ansanelli / Banca: Maria Cecilia Junqueira Lustosa / Resumo: Ganhos econômicos do comércio podem esconder custos ambientais, quando o comércio for baseado na exploração intensiva de recursos naturais e geração de impactos ambientais. Assim, o padrão de comércio pode representar sérias restrições para um desenvolvimento sustentável. Nesta dissertação, analisamos o perfil ambiental da pauta exportadora brasileira, no período de 1990 a 2010, com o objetivo verificar a vulnerabilidade ambiental do comércio. Para tanto, e com base na metodologia aplicada por Schaper (1999), empregamos três grupos de indicadores ambientais, assim definidos por Grossman e Krueger (1995): efeito escala, efeito composição e efeito tecnológico. Aqui, mede-se o efeito escala pelo volume de produtos primários, commodities, intensivos no uso de recursos naturais e o volume de exportação das indústrias ambientalmente sensíveis (de acordo com os critérios estabelecidos por Low e Yeats, 1992). Mensura-se o efeito composição pelo Índice de Especialização das Exportações do Brasil para o mundo, que mostra a contribuição de cada setor (commodities e produtos industriais) para o total das exportações do país. O efeito tecnológico, por sua vez, é mensurado por dois indicadores (baseados em fontes estatísticas da CEPAL): participação das importações de "bens de progresso técnico" no total das importações brasileiras e Índice de Especialização Tecnológica (desenvolvido por Alcorta e Peres, 1998). Como base de dados sobre comércio exterior brasileiro foi utilizado o Aliceweb, sistema de informações sobre comércio exterior da Secretaria de Comércio Exterior (SECEX), do Ministério do Desenvolvimento, Indústria e Comércio Exterior (MDIC). Os resultados corroboram a hipótese de vulnerabilidade ambiental da pauta exportadora brasileira, que continua baseada em produtos primários e industriais intensivos no uso de recursos naturais e com elevado potencial contaminante / Abstract: Economic gains from foreign trade can hide environmental costs when trade is intensively based on natural resources involving high environmental impacts. The trade pattern can pose serious constrains for the transition to a sustainable development. This dissertation presents an analysis of the environmental profile of the Brazilian foreign trade in the period 1990-2010. It examines a set of environmental indicators to check the environmental vulnerability of trade, based on the methodology applied by Schaper (1999). Three groups of indicators are used here for the scale, composition and technological effects as defined by Grossman and Krueger (1995). The scale effect is measured by the volume of primary products, commodities that are intensive in the use of natural resources, and the volume of exports of environmental sensitive industries (according to Low and Yeats, 1992). The composition effect is measured by the Export Specialization Index which shows the contribution of each sector (commodities and industrial products) to the total exports by Brazil. Technological effect employs two indicators (based on ECLAC' statistical resources): share of imports of "goods for technical progress" in the Brazilian total imports, and the Technological Specialization Index (developed by Alcorta and Peres, 1998). The data source for the Brazilian foreign trade used here is Aliceweb - the information system on foreign trade of the Secretariat of Foreign Trade (SECEX), the Ministry of Development, Industry and Foreign Trade (MDIC). The results corroborate the hypothesis of environmental vulnerability of the Brazilian exports, which are still based on primary and industrial products with intensive use of natural resources and high potential contaminant / Mestre

Thesis (MPhil (Information Science))--University of Stellenbosch, 2006. / Research Problem: Research commences at the point where within our department we begin to reflect on penetrating a new market. At first this reflection can be a very unstructured thought, a conjecture, a question, or hypothesis. In our case, it was about entering the Brazilian telematics or more commonly known the ‘tracking’ market. One of the most competitive markets in the world in terms of lower margins and a high number of competitors. Thus, the need to conduct research and CI analysis was paramount; this was because we had no idea about the Brazilian Telematics market. Therefore, we used research primarily to identify key issues relating to telematics (segment, competitors, customers etc) in Brazil. Like most companies however, our resources was limited in terms of investment and manpower. Apart from commissioning a very specific research, a great deal of desk, or secondary research was undertaken, this proved very valuable when formulating our strategy and achieving actionable results. Overall Objectives: The aim was to utilise mostly Competitive Intelligence and Market Research, two key components within Knowledge Management, to obtain and analyse competitive information from multiple sources to aid DigiCore’s international expansion. For the International team Competitive Intelligence was more than analyzing competitors - it was about making DigiCore more competitive relative to its existing set of competitors and potential competitors in international markets. Predictive analysis - analysing and documenting the likely moves of foreign markets and competitors was a key objective, especially in aiding our final strategy in Brazil. Various aspects of CI and Knowledge Management became indispensable to formulate and implement our strategy in Brazil. Research Design/Methodology: sampling, representativeness and data collection, CI, analysis and interpretation were key activities we conducted. In essence, for DigiCore a well-defined research problem is a precondition for our Brazilian project. The development of a research design thus follows logically from the research problem. A set of guidelines and instructions needed to be followed in order to address our research problem. Main Results: there is the misconception that CI and market research duplicate activities, whilst there may be some truth, for DigiCore CI was undertaken to understand our environment better – beyond percentages, graphs and statistic analysis. CI helped us to forecast, validate industry rumours and ultimately make effective decisions and thus being able to act rather than react. In fact, beginning any competitive intelligence project is a daunting task, but the end results made the whole process worth it. A further component was Managing Information Systems - Our technology is based on ‘complicated’ internal and external environments that need to be considered. So whilst, market research and competitive analysis may aid in the final decision making and ongoing strategies, without juxtaposing these efforts within an information systems environment, the whole project would be futile. Conclusion: there is no doubt in our minds, that by using CI, Market Research, and Knowledge Management in all of our key stages and activities we came closer to our overall objective of penetrating the Brazilian telematics market. Whilst it is too soon to evaluate our success and overall long-term growth, without the above tools we know for certain that there would not have been any success at all.

Orientador: Robert Wayne Andrew Slenes / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campionas, Instituto de Filosofia e Ciências Humanas / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-21T06:00:46Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Scheffer_RafaeldaCunha_D.pdf: 2261654 bytes, checksum: b4286db176e750878ec4ba3ed70f9e30 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012 / Resumo: Analisando a questão do trabalho escravo em Santa Catarina e Rio Grande do Sul, diversos historiadores apontaram a importância do tráfico interno para o fim da escravidão nessas províncias. O presente trabalho visa exatamente dar profundidade a esse tema, analisando o mercado de escravos em diversas cidades sulistas, na segunda metade do século XIX. Investigando o comércio local e interprovincial, procuro calcular seu volume e formas de operação, seu impacto na população cativa dessas províncias e suas conexões com uma cidade importadora dessa mão de obra no Sudeste, Campinas. Busco ainda os comerciantes envolvidos neste negócio, a maneira com que atuavam neste mercado, investigando algumas experiências como negociantes de escravos, de construção de laços e redes comerciais. Para este trabalho, desenvolvi séries com diversas fontes. Registros cartoriais de compra e venda de cativos e procurações que autorizavam a negociação desses trabalhadores foram analisados para todas as cidades selecionadas para estudo. Além disso, anúncios de compra e venda de escravos, impostos sobre a sua comercialização e diversas outras fontes oficiais foram utilizadas para elucidar as questões levantadas. Por fim, explorei fontes judiciais como processos cíveis e criminais para buscar informações complementares sobre os envolvidos nesse comércio e suas práticas. Com essa pesquisa, percebi como o mercado de escravos dessas cidades esteve ligado ao nacional. A compra de escravos nas províncias do Sul do Brasil para a revenda no Sudeste ocorreu de forma constante no período estudado, tendo seu ápice na década de 1870. Enviados em pequenos grupos através de linhas regulares de vapor ou de caminhos por terra, jovens trabalhadores do Sul chegaram em grande número para suprir a demanda de braços de Campinas e região. Diversos comerciantes se envolveram nessas transferências, na maioria das vezes desenvolvido ao mesmo tempo que outras atividades comerciais. O volume desse comércio de escravos de Santa Catarina e do Rio Grande do Sul para o Sudeste foi importante para a localidade importadora estudada, teve reflexos na sociedade escravista do Sul do Brasil, mas seu impacto sobre essas população não parece ter sido decisivo o suficiente para responder sozinho pelo declínio da mão de obra escrava X na região, sendo necessário o estudo da mortalidade e especialmente da alforria para a compreensão do fim da escravidão na região / Abstract: Analyzing the issue of slave labor in Santa Catarina and Rio Grande do Sul, many historians have pointed out the importance of internal slave trade for the end of slavery in those provinces. This thesis aims to give depth to this topic, analyzing the slave market in several southern cities in the second half of the nineteenth century. Investigating local and interprovincial trade, I try to calculate its volume and forms of operation, its impact on the captive population of these provinces and their connections to a city that import labor in Southeast, Campinas. I search traders involved in this business, the way they acted in this market, investigating some slave traders experiences and the building of business networks. For this work, I developed series with different sources. Notarial records of purchase and sale of captives and documents that authorize the negotiation of these workers were analyzed for all cities selected for study. In addition, announcements of slave sales, taxes and other official sources were used to elucidate the issues raised. Finally, judicial sources were explored to seek additional information on those involved in this trade and its practices. With this research, I realized how the slave market of these cities was linked to the national slave market. The purchase of slaves in the southern provinces of Brazil for resale in the Southeast occurred steadily during the study period, reaching its height in the 1870s. Sent in small groups through regular lines of steam or paths by land, young southern workers arrived in large numbers to meet the demand for arms at Campinas region. Several merchants were involved in these transfers, mostly developed while other commercial activities. The volume of the slave trade of Santa Catarina and Rio Grande do Sul to Southeast locality was important for importing region, it was reflected in the slave society of southern Brazil, but its impact on these people do not seem to have been decisive enough to answer alone for the decline of slave labor in the region, necessitating the study of mortality and especially the freedom papers for understanding the end of slavery in the region / Doutorado / Historia Social / Doutor em História