Rock climbing has been growing increasingly popular in the United States and around the world. Rock climbers frequently climb in the presence of fear and anxiety. Often climbers make mistakes while climbing that increase the potential for accidents and injuries. One area in which behavioral interventions have targeted sports performance is through the use of acceptance and commit training methods. Research has suggested that components of ACT may improve athletic performance such as present moment awareness, values clarification, and acceptance of challenging thoughts while performing. Studies have looked at the effects of training athletes within various sports such as basketball, powerlifting, swimming and golfing. Common skills that have been targeted include flow, attention to task, and goals/values identification. At this time, there has not been any research examining the impact of ACT on rock climbing performance. The current study examined the effects of ACT on rock climbing performance in two participants who frequently engaged in recreational rock climbing in a multiple baseline design across participants. Participants received ACT lessons prior to climbing and were assessed on falls and errors, speed, and heart rate. Results for both participants demonstrated improvements in decreasing falls and errors and increasing speed. There was no effect seen on heart rate. A second component of feedback on errors was added for participant one to further reduce errors.

L'idée olympique développée par Pierre de Coubertin s'avère être un projet de reconstruction démocratique de l'histoire politique et de l'éducation physique et sportive de 1892 à 1920. Ancré dans le période des révolutions industrielles et de l'avènement de l'État-nation, ce travail heuristique vise à décrire un processus d'actions dans la formation d'un citoyen exemplaire. Cette mission est accomplie grâce à l'importance et au charisme de Pierre de Coubertin, véritable initiateur et idéologue, ainsi que grâce à ses réseaux. Les pratiques culturelles et sportives créées sont diffusées par le biais de divers concepts (sociabilité, réseaux, rapports de pouvoirs et le jeu démocratique) à travers les Jeux et le CIO. Croisant des sources variées et originales, notre étude révèle que le processus inhérent à la renommée de l'œuvre de Pierre de Coubertin tient à trois indicateurs complémentaires. Premièrement, le succès de cette idée spécifique est dû à la personnalité et au parcours de vie de l'inspirateur, doté de réseaux utiles et multiples. Deuxièmement, Pierre de Coubertin fédère des acteurs internationaux et s'appuie sur un noyau d'hommes, les cooptés du Comité international olympique, pour créer une identité de groupe dans cette organisation. Le comité possède des spécificités politiques, éducatives, sportives et sociales suffisantes pour promouvoir un message d'envergure au sein d'espaces géographiques internationaux. Le Baron utilise les réseaux, les structures sociales et les échanges interpersonnels pour convaincre, légitimer et diffuser son projet de citoyen exemplaire. Enfin, il s'attache, à promouvoir son modèle en tirant profit de la modernité et de la force des espaces démocratiques lancés dans une «course au progrès et à la reconnaissance». Notre travail articule majoritairement ces trois logiques explicatives pour comprendre la naissance de l'idée olympique d'envergure internationales de 1892 à 2896, son développement entre 1897 et 1914 et enfin la fin de l'idée olympique idéale en 1920 pour laisser place au spectacle sportif. / The Olympic idea as it was developed by Pierre de Coubertin happens to be a project whose aim was to rebuild a democratic political history of physical education from 1892 to 1920. Anchored in the era of industrial revolutions and of the birth of the nation-State, this heuristic work aims at describing a process of actions in the creation of an exemplary citizen. Such a mission was accomplished thanks to the important charisma of a man, Pierre de Coubertin, who was also the father of the idea and an ideologist thanks to his network of acquaintances. The cultural and sporting practices that were created were spread through diverse concepts (sush as sociability, networks, power relations and democracy) both with the Games and the IOC. This study mixes different sources so as to reveal the process that was linked to Pierre de Coubertin's work in three complementary indicators. First, the success of this specific idea is due to the originator's personality and very life, whose network of acquaintances was decisive. Then Pierre de Coubertin federated international actors by relying on a group of men - those who were co-opted in the IOC - so as to create a group identity within the comittee. Indeed, the Committee possesses politicaln educational, sporting and social specificities that helped to spread the message within international geographic spaces. To finish, Pierre de Coubertin endeavored to promote his model by taking advantage from the modernity and the strength of the democratic spaces that were then launching into a "race to progress and to recognition". Our work uses these three logics to understand the birth of the olympic idea worldwide from 1892 to 1896, its development between 1897 and 1914 and eventually its en 1920 to make room for sports show.