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This research aims to approach the Brazilian Integralist Action Brasileira (AIB) in Alagoas, for this I seek to investigate: it’s politics formation, the impact on labor sectors in the region, its role and representation in Alagoas political center. The time frame chosen was from 1930-1937, this chronological range for the alagoana historiography priority information for the understanding of how policy developed in the Vargas state of Alagoas, which were the intention and how the integralist action acted in this process and how worked the left shirts. Also historiographical gap existing research concerning about this períodoo becomes increasingly essential. The studies were concentrated in Alagoas cities and they had the presence of integralists cores. The analysis of documents such as minutes of meetings integralisms, balancing expenses and raiser, lists related to AIB, organizations of welfare politics, plans programs and goals for the year of the Alagoana’s Brazilian Integralisms action. It was possible to identify this historic court membership of names like: Afrânio Salgado Lages (former governor), Manoel de Oliveira Tenorio (Industrial), João Pinheiro Lyra (Medical and artist), who made the ranks of Sigma. Acts of state repression during the deployment of the new state against IBA resulted scenes of violence and expulsion of some fundamentalists, thus reducing the forces of motion and eventually leading to their extinction. / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / Essa pesquisa pretende abordar a Ação Integralista Brasileira (AIB) em Alagoas, para isso busco investigar: sua formação política, impacto nos setores trabalhistas da região, sua função e representação no centro político alagoano. O recorte temporal escolhido foi o de 1930-1937, essa faixa cronológica guarda para a historiografia alagoana informações prioritárias para a compreensão de como se desenvolveu a política varguista no estado de Alagoas, quais as intenções e como atuava a ação integralista nesse processo e como atuavam os camisas esquerda. Também a lacuna historiográfica existente acerca de pesquisas referentes a esse período o torna cada vez mais essencial. Os estudos foram concentrados nas cidades alagoanas que tiveram a presença de núcleos integralistas. A análise de documentos do integralismo como Ata de reuniões, balanceamento de despesas e arrecadamento, listas de coligados a AIB, organizações das políticas assistencialistas, programas de planos e metas para o ano da ação Integralista Brasileira Alagoana. Foi possível identificar nesse corte histórico a filiação de nomes como: Afrânio Salgado Lages (Ex-governador), Manoel Tenório de Oliveira (Industrial), João Pinheiro Lyra (Médico e artista), que fizeram parte das fileiras do Sigma. Os atos de repressão do estado durante a implantação do estado novo contra AIB acarretou cenas de violência e afastamento de alguns integralistas, assim reduzindo as forças do movimento e futuramente levando a sua extinção.

Thesis (M.A.)--香港中文大學. / Manuscript. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 196-205). / Thesis (M.A.)--Xianggang Zhong wen da xue. / Chapter 一、 --- 序言 --- p.1 / Chapter 1.1 --- 意識形態的符号夲盾 --- p.2 / Chapter 1.2 --- 意識形態的下層建築 --- p.15 / Chapter 1.3 --- 意識形態的移植 --- p.20 / Chapter 1.4 --- 本文的问題 --- p.26 / Chapter 二、 --- 二十世紀早期知識分子的知識承继 --- p.31 / Chapter 2.1 --- 民族主義 --- p.37 / Chapter 2.2 --- 改良主義 --- p.40 / Chapter 2.3 --- 西化主義 --- p.47 / Chapter 三、 --- 馬克思主義的形成 / Chapter 一、 --- 陳独秀的思想的轉变 --- p.64 / Chapter 3.1 --- 青年的陳独秀 --- p.68 / Chapter 3.2 --- 新青年的时期 --- p.71 / Chapter 3.3 --- 陳独秀的轉向 --- p.83 / Chapter 3.4 --- 陳独秀作為一个馬克思主義者 --- p.90 / Chapter 四、 --- 馬克思主义者的形成 / Chapter 二、 --- 李大釗的思想的轉变 --- p.101 / Chapter 4.1 --- 年青时代的李大釗 --- p.102 / Chapter 4.2 --- 李大釗回中國 --- p.108 / Chapter 4.3 --- 轉变期的李大釗 --- p.118 / Chapter 4.4 --- 李大釗作為馬克思主乂者 --- p.103 / Chapter 五、 --- 中囯馬克思主義的社會根源 --- p.141 / Chapter 5.1 --- 社會地位 --- p.142 / Chapter 5.2 --- 反孔運動 --- p.146 / Chapter 5.3 --- 巴黎和会 --- p.151 / Chapter 5.4 --- 俄國革命 --- p.156 / Chapter 六、 --- 結論 --- p.181 / 參考書目 --- p.196

by Ma Kei. / Thesis submitted in: June 1998. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1999. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 183-189). / Abstract also in Chinese. / Chapter CHAPTER 1 --- INTRODUCTION --- p.1 / Chapter 1.1 --- Background and Objectives of Study --- p.1 / Chapter 1.2 --- Past Studies on the RRM and the LRM --- p.5 / Chapter 1.2.1 --- Rural Reconstruction Movements --- p.5 / Chapter 1.2.2 --- CCP Land Reform Movements --- p.8 / Chapter 1.3 --- Peasant Studies and Peasant's View of Life --- p.21 / Chapter 1.4 --- Methodology --- p.24 / Chapter 1.5 --- Outline of Chapters --- p.25 / Chapter CHAPTER 2 --- LITERATURE REVIEW AND THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK --- p.27 / Chapter 2.1 --- Peasant Culture --- p.27 / Chapter 2.2 --- The Dimension of Peasant Culture --- p.34 / Chapter 2.3 --- The Content of Peasant's View of Life --- p.38 / Chapter 2.4 --- Peasant's View of Life and Peasant's Action --- p.41 / Chapter 2.5 --- Peasants' View of Life and Peasant Collective Actions --- p.45 / Chapter CHAPTER 3 --- FROM MODERNIZATION TO MOBILIZATION --- p.55 / Chapter 3.1 --- Bankruptcy of the Peasant Society and the Corruption of the Great and Small Traditions --- p.57 / Chapter 3.2 --- Chinese Culture and Chinese Development --- p.63 / Chapter 3.3 --- The Village as a Starting Point --- p.70 / Chapter CHAPTER 4 --- HISTORICAL PROFILE OF RRM AND LRM --- p.80 / Chapter 4.1 --- Rural Reconstruction Movement --- p.80 / Chapter 4.1.1 --- Shandong Rural Reconstruction Institute --- p.82 / Chapter 4.2 --- Chinese Communist Party Revolutionary Movement --- p.88 / Chapter 4.2.1 --- Western Fujian Revolutionary Base --- p.92 / Chapter CHAPTER 5 --- CONTACT AND INTERACTION --- p.99 / Chapter 5.1 --- "Predominance of Peasants ""Image of Limited Good""" --- p.101 / Chapter 5.2 --- Breaking into the Village Community --- p.112 / Chapter 5.3 --- Utilizing Existing Peasant Community Networks --- p.113 / Chapter 5.4 --- Mobilization through the Establishment of New Forms of Peasant Organization --- p.123 / Chapter CHAPTER 6 --- INTERACTION AND TRANSFORMATION --- p.136 / Chapter 6.1 --- Induction by Material and Social Incentives --- p.138 / Chapter 6.2 --- Institutional Transformation of Peasant View of Life --- p.150 / Chapter 6.3 --- Ideological Confrontation --- p.164 / Chapter 6.4 --- Final Episode of the Transformation Process --- p.171 / Chapter CHAPTER 7 --- CONCLUSION --- p.176 / Chapter 7.1 --- Collective Action through Transformation: Change in the Peasant View --- p.176 / Chapter 7.2 --- Peasant View of Life Reconsidered --- p.180 / Chapter 7.3 --- "Rethinking ""Image of Limited Good""" --- p.181 / Chapter 7.4 --- Limitations of the Study and Directions of Future Research --- p.182 / BIBLIOGRAPHY --- p.183

Das Wort was a literary journal published by German Communist writers and fellow-travelers exiled in Moscow from 1936 to 1939. It was to be a mouthpiece for German literature in exile and to promote the Popular Front policy, which sought to unite disparate elements in non-Fascist Europe in opposition to the Nazis. Das Wort, under the editorship of German Communist writers whose close association with the Soviet Union had been well established in the previous decade, tried to provide a forum for exiled writers of various political persuasions, but was unwavering in its positive portrayal of Stalin's Soviet Union and the policies of that country. As the level of hysteria grew with the successive purges and public show trials in the Soviet Union, the journal adopted an even more eulogistic and militant attitude: any criticism or expression of doubt about Soviet policy was equated with support for Fascism. Thus the ability of the journal to contribute to the formation of a true common front in Europe to oppose Fascism was compromised from the outset by its total support for the Soviet Union. The Popular Front policy foundered on this issue, and that portion of German literature in exile which was to form the first generation of East German literature was inextricably bound to the Soviet Union well before the German Democratic Republic came in to existence.