The purpose of this study is fourfold: to show why and how Communism is emerging in China; to explain the special characteristics of the Chinese Communists and their tactics; to indicate the effect of Communism on the people of China; and to attempt an analysis of the attitude the Chinese Communists manifest toward the United States and Russia. Special emphasis will be laid upon the conflict between the Kuomintang (Nationalists) led by Chiang K'aishek and the Communists led by Mao Tze-Tung.

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published_or_final_version / Law / Doctoral / Doctor of Philosophy

M.A. (History) / Please refer to full text to view abstract

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Thesis (M.A.)--香港中文大學. / Manuscript. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 196-205). / Thesis (M.A.)--Xianggang Zhong wen da xue. / Chapter 一、 --- 序言 --- p.1 / Chapter 1.1 --- 意識形態的符号夲盾 --- p.2 / Chapter 1.2 --- 意識形態的下層建築 --- p.15 / Chapter 1.3 --- 意識形態的移植 --- p.20 / Chapter 1.4 --- 本文的问題 --- p.26 / Chapter 二、 --- 二十世紀早期知識分子的知識承继 --- p.31 / Chapter 2.1 --- 民族主義 --- p.37 / Chapter 2.2 --- 改良主義 --- p.40 / Chapter 2.3 --- 西化主義 --- p.47 / Chapter 三、 --- 馬克思主義的形成 / Chapter 一、 --- 陳独秀的思想的轉变 --- p.64 / Chapter 3.1 --- 青年的陳独秀 --- p.68 / Chapter 3.2 --- 新青年的时期 --- p.71 / Chapter 3.3 --- 陳独秀的轉向 --- p.83 / Chapter 3.4 --- 陳独秀作為一个馬克思主義者 --- p.90 / Chapter 四、 --- 馬克思主义者的形成 / Chapter 二、 --- 李大釗的思想的轉变 --- p.101 / Chapter 4.1 --- 年青时代的李大釗 --- p.102 / Chapter 4.2 --- 李大釗回中國 --- p.108 / Chapter 4.3 --- 轉变期的李大釗 --- p.118 / Chapter 4.4 --- 李大釗作為馬克思主乂者 --- p.103 / Chapter 五、 --- 中囯馬克思主義的社會根源 --- p.141 / Chapter 5.1 --- 社會地位 --- p.142 / Chapter 5.2 --- 反孔運動 --- p.146 / Chapter 5.3 --- 巴黎和会 --- p.151 / Chapter 5.4 --- 俄國革命 --- p.156 / Chapter 六、 --- 結論 --- p.181 / 參考書目 --- p.196

by Ma Kei. / Thesis submitted in: June 1998. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1999. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 183-189). / Abstract also in Chinese. / Chapter CHAPTER 1 --- INTRODUCTION --- p.1 / Chapter 1.1 --- Background and Objectives of Study --- p.1 / Chapter 1.2 --- Past Studies on the RRM and the LRM --- p.5 / Chapter 1.2.1 --- Rural Reconstruction Movements --- p.5 / Chapter 1.2.2 --- CCP Land Reform Movements --- p.8 / Chapter 1.3 --- Peasant Studies and Peasant's View of Life --- p.21 / Chapter 1.4 --- Methodology --- p.24 / Chapter 1.5 --- Outline of Chapters --- p.25 / Chapter CHAPTER 2 --- LITERATURE REVIEW AND THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK --- p.27 / Chapter 2.1 --- Peasant Culture --- p.27 / Chapter 2.2 --- The Dimension of Peasant Culture --- p.34 / Chapter 2.3 --- The Content of Peasant's View of Life --- p.38 / Chapter 2.4 --- Peasant's View of Life and Peasant's Action --- p.41 / Chapter 2.5 --- Peasants' View of Life and Peasant Collective Actions --- p.45 / Chapter CHAPTER 3 --- FROM MODERNIZATION TO MOBILIZATION --- p.55 / Chapter 3.1 --- Bankruptcy of the Peasant Society and the Corruption of the Great and Small Traditions --- p.57 / Chapter 3.2 --- Chinese Culture and Chinese Development --- p.63 / Chapter 3.3 --- The Village as a Starting Point --- p.70 / Chapter CHAPTER 4 --- HISTORICAL PROFILE OF RRM AND LRM --- p.80 / Chapter 4.1 --- Rural Reconstruction Movement --- p.80 / Chapter 4.1.1 --- Shandong Rural Reconstruction Institute --- p.82 / Chapter 4.2 --- Chinese Communist Party Revolutionary Movement --- p.88 / Chapter 4.2.1 --- Western Fujian Revolutionary Base --- p.92 / Chapter CHAPTER 5 --- CONTACT AND INTERACTION --- p.99 / Chapter 5.1 --- "Predominance of Peasants ""Image of Limited Good""" --- p.101 / Chapter 5.2 --- Breaking into the Village Community --- p.112 / Chapter 5.3 --- Utilizing Existing Peasant Community Networks --- p.113 / Chapter 5.4 --- Mobilization through the Establishment of New Forms of Peasant Organization --- p.123 / Chapter CHAPTER 6 --- INTERACTION AND TRANSFORMATION --- p.136 / Chapter 6.1 --- Induction by Material and Social Incentives --- p.138 / Chapter 6.2 --- Institutional Transformation of Peasant View of Life --- p.150 / Chapter 6.3 --- Ideological Confrontation --- p.164 / Chapter 6.4 --- Final Episode of the Transformation Process --- p.171 / Chapter CHAPTER 7 --- CONCLUSION --- p.176 / Chapter 7.1 --- Collective Action through Transformation: Change in the Peasant View --- p.176 / Chapter 7.2 --- Peasant View of Life Reconsidered --- p.180 / Chapter 7.3 --- "Rethinking ""Image of Limited Good""" --- p.181 / Chapter 7.4 --- Limitations of the Study and Directions of Future Research --- p.182 / BIBLIOGRAPHY --- p.183

This essay examines the relationship between national consciousness and the Communist Revolution in China between the years 1921 and 1928. / In tracing the trajectory of the national consciousness in our stipulated time period we can discern three distinct phases in its manifestation. Up until 1919 national consciousness was confined primarily to an intellectual elite whose primary concern was the decadence of the Imperial and Confucian state. Following the May Fourth movement (1919), these concerns came to be diffused amongst the urban population. / After the formation of the Chinese Communist Party, the Party addressed nationalist concerns by focusing on the role of imperialists and warlords. This continued following the alliance with the Nationalist Party, the Guomindang, under the United Front. / By 1925 there was the growth of populist movements with distinctly anti-imperialist overtones. The same time also saw a growing interest in the potential of the peasantry as the vanguard for the nationalist revolution. After the April 12, 1927 coup, the Party focused exclusively on the peasantry to carry on with the Nationalist Revolution.

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