The banking industry has been gradually stepped out of the shadow of the financial crisis of year 2008. After the MOU (Memorandum of Understanding) and the ECFA (Economic Cooperation Framework Agreement) were executed, the banking industry of Taiwan will be facing competitions from not only domestic financial holding banks or foreign banks, but also banks from China. Thus, retaining talents has become the first priority to the banking industry. This research sets styles of leadership as the variable for the turnover intention in while further analyzing whether compensation satisfaction has intermediate effect to the aforesaid variable. 300 questionnaires were distributed and among which 224 effective questionnaires were collected for this research. After correlation analysis and regression analysis, the primary study results are: (1)Supervisors with transactional leadership style have positive and significant effect to satisfaction over compensation. (2)Supervisors with transitional leadership style have positive and significant effect to satisfaction over compensation. (3)Satisfaction over compensation has negative and significant effect to the tendency of resignation. (4)For the effect by the transactional leadership style to the tendency of resignation, satisfaction over compensation has complete mediation. (5)For the effect by the transitional leadership style to the tendency of resignation, satisfaction over compensation has intermediate effect.

The press is filled with stories about termination of customer relationships in banking, telecom and other service industries. Yet, there is limited research on firm-initiated service termination and in particular, customers’ reactions to different termination strategies is under-researched. This study employs a 2 (termination strategies: firm-oriented and customer-oriented) * 5 (compensation types: explanation, apology, moderate monetary compensation, high monetary compensation and no compensation) experimental design with US adult consumers in retail banking. In phase 1, the study examines the direct and indirect effects of termination severity on customers’ reactions and the perceived justice theory is used to explain the post termination conceptual framework. The results show that a firm-oriented approach is perceived as more severe and less fair compared with a customer-oriented approach. In addition, termination severity negatively influences perceived justice and positively influences anger, direct complaint, negative WoM and revenge behaviours. The results also demonstrate that anger and perceived justice mediate the relationships between termination severity and behavioural responses and attitude towards complaining moderates the effects of anger on revenge, direct and third party complaint. The study contributes to the service termination literature by enhancing the understanding of the consequences of service termination and also providing a theoretical model of customers’ attitudinal, emotional and behavioural reactions to firm-initiated service termination. Furthermore, little is known about the role that compensation plays in influencing customers’ responses to intentional failures such as service termination. Therefore, in phase 2, this research examines the effects of different types of compensation and different level of monetary compensation on customers’ anger, satisfaction, image and negative WoM following the two termination approaches. Expectancy violation theory is used to explain the post compensation conceptual model. Contrary to the accepted wisdom, the findings reveal that explanation is the salient compensation type for both termination approaches. In addition, high level of monetary compensation is only effective following a firm-oriented, but not a customer-oriented approach. Moreover, apology and moderate monetary compensation are not effective in improving customers’ satisfaction and reducing their anger following either approach. The research contributes to the service recovery literature by examining the effectiveness of psychological and monetary compensation in service termination, which is an intentional failure. The findings provide managers with critical insights about the effectiveness of different compensation strategies based on specific termination strategies (i.e. psychological compensation following customer-oriented and both psychological and high monetary compensation following firm-oriented approaches).

臺北市消防人員自2015年起試辦「加發危險職務加給加成」政策，該政策實施迄今已3年餘，本研究藉該政策探討臺北市消防人員公共服務動機理論及薪資滿意度與離職傾向之關係。本研究主要採問卷調查法，另輔以質性訪談印證及補強問卷之不足；量化部分就臺北市現支領「加發危險職務加給加成者」為研究對象，實際有效問卷為1,209份，問卷回覆率為81%，以SPSS for Window 20.0統計套裝軟體進行資料處理分析，採描述性統計及推論性統計分析（信度分析、獨立樣本t檢定、單因子變異數分析及皮爾森積差相關等）；訪談部分以滾雪球方式，訪談2位現職臺北市消防人員及2位離職臺北市消防人員，研究結果如下，公共服務動機越高之消防人員離職傾向越低；薪資滿意度越高之消防人員離職傾向越低。 另依訪談者所填覆之簡要問卷及訪談內容，皆與量化結果略為相符，並從訪談內容發現，雖消防工作中最具激勵效果為內在激勵之助人成就感，但若藉以減緩離職傾向而言，仍略顯不足，尚須自消防工作之各實質外在工作層面考量，方能減緩人員離職傾向。本研究結果顯示臺北市消防人員具高度公共服務動機，且公共服務動機及薪資滿意度皆與離職傾向有顯著關係，爰主管機關應審慎考量盡速讓試辦政策納入法規常態發放，俾憑減緩消防人員之離職傾向。 關鍵字：公共服務動機、薪資滿意度、離職傾向 / The Taipei City Fire Department has initiated the policy of “Adding bonuses to those with dangerous duties” since 2015. The aforementioned policy has been implemented for more than three years. This study tries to explore this policy focusing primarily on the impacts of public service motivation (PSM) and compensation satisfaction on Taipei City firefighters’ turnover intention. This study adopts the questionnaire survey method, supplemented by qualitative interviews to verify and reinforce the results. The questionnaires were distributed to the Taipei City firefighters who received the dangerous duties bonuses. The total number of valid respondents was 1, 209 with a valid response rate of 81%. Descriptive statistics and inferential statistics (including the reliability test, t-test, one-way ANOVA, and Pearson correlation) were conducted using SPSS for Window 20.0. The snowball sampling method was chosen to find the interviewees, including two incumbent Taipei City firefighters and two resigned firefighters. Results of this study were twofold: first, a firefighter’s PSM was negatively associated with his/her turnover intention; second, a firefighter’s satisfaction on the compensation was also negatively associated with his/her turnover intention. Responses obtained from the interviews were consistent with the survey results. According to the interviewees, it is found that the intrinsic motivation, the accomplishment of helping others, is a critical element for the firefighters to perform their services. However, intrinsic motivation is still insufficient to reduce the their turnover intention. It is necessary to consider improving the work conditions of their work at the same time, which, in fact, is the most effective way to reduce firefighters’ turnover intention. The authorities, therefore, should consider rules and regulations regarding this matter and, thereafter, legalizing them as soon as possible to keep the firefighters. Keywords: public service motivation, compensation satisfaction, turnover intention

1 Abstract This thesis aims to transparently elaborate the topic of damages in investment disputes. Chapter One is a brief introduction to the problem. It provides a short clarification of the concept and meaning of arbitration and its importance for the protection of investors; it also describes the principles of modern forms of investor protection. The end of the first Chapter includes a short introduction regarding the sources on damages in investment arbitration. Chapter Two deals with the issue of valuation. At the beginning the author approaches the issue in general, describing the basic terminology and definitions and providing the classification of the valuation methodology (Market-Based Approache, Income- Based Approach, Asset-Based Approach). This is followed by outlining the issues related to the term "market value", when the author focuses on the questions related to the calculation of fair market value, its use in practice, issues related to this use, etc. The next is the theme of damage arising from the breach of a contract and by describing the ways of valuation of the damage arising from the breach of a contract. The Chapter also includes the study regarding the issue of the determination of damages in the absence of the market, and analyses the issue of the moment as at which the valuation...