The purpose of this research was to investigate the additive therapeutic effects of a yoga intervention on the anxiety, depression and behavioral problems of conduct-disordered male adolescents in residential treatment. In addition, the moderating effects of callous-unemotional (CU) traits on outcome measures were assessed. The program consisted of a four-week intervention program in which participants were randomly assigned to either the yoga group (n=25), in which they practiced yoga with an instructor, or the control group (n=19), in which they met for a supervised study hall. The study included pre-testing on symptoms of anxiety, depression and CU traits, and post-testing on anxiety and depression measures only. Behavioral data were unavailable due to unanticipated program changes. A repeated measures MANOVA was utilized to investigate the benefits of yoga practice on a combined mental health variable that consisted of two dependent variables, anxiety and depression. A significant effect for time, but not for the interaction between time and group, was found. This indicated that both groups' scores decreased over time on the depression and anxiety variables, but that there was no statistically significant difference between the treatment groups' depression and anxiety scores over time. In spite of non-significant results, additional exploratory analysis was conducted. Results indicated a trend towards significantly greater decreases in anxiety outcomes for the yoga group vs. the control group over time. The moderating effects of CU traits on the relationships among the treatment conditions and anxiety outcomes were found to be non-significant. Limitations of the present research, including low sample size and statistical power, are discussed.

Bakgrund: Kronisk njursvikt är ett globalt växande folkhälsoproblem. Många patienter är i ett stadie i sin sjukdom som kräver hemodialysbehandling, något som är förenat med en högre dödlighet och en väsentligt lägre livskvalité. Komplementär och alternativ medicin (KAM) kan därmed vara ett aktuellt ämne att studera som ett tillägg till traditionell konventionell medicin för att lindra symtom. Erikssons vårdteori utgjorde teoretisk referensram för detta examensarbete. Syfte: Att undersöka om fysiska- och mentala symtom samt livskvalitet hos patienter som genomgår hemodialys kan påverkas av alternativa- och komplementära behandlingsalternativ. Metod: En allmän litteraturöversikt där 10 kvantitativa artiklar valt ut för att användas. För att finna relevanta artiklar som besvarade studiens syfte användes databaserna: PubMed, CINAHL, PsykINFO och Cochrane Library. En om modifiering av Olsson och Sörensens (2011) kvaliteétsmall användes för kvalitetsgranskning av de kvantitativa artiklarna. Resultatanalysmetoden som användes var utarbetad av Forsberg och Wengström (2016), analysen genomfördes för att på ett enklare sätt identifiera likheter och skillnader mellan de utvalda artiklarna.  Resultat: Användning av KAM visade varierande resultat. I studierna fanns en reducering av smärta och klåda efter att patienterna lyssnat på livesång och utfört aromaterapi. Gällande depression, ångest och livskvalité fanns ett varierande resultat beroende på vilken behandlingsmetod som användes. Två kategorier och sju underkategorier identifierades. Slutsats: Användningen av KAM kan ha positiv påverkan på den fysiska- och mentala symtomen samt livskvaliteten. Mer forskning kring ämnet krävs för att sjukvårdspersonalen ska kunna erbjuda detta som ett komplement i omvårdnaden. / Background: Chronic kidneyfailure is a growing global public health problem. Many patients are at a stage in their illness that requires hemodialysis treatment, something that is associated with a higher mortality rate and a significantly lower quality of life. Complementary and alternative medicine is a topical subject to study as a supplement to the traditional medicine to reduce symptoms. Eriksson's theory of care was the theoretical reference frame for this thesis. Aim: Investigating whether physical and mental symptoms as well as quality of life in patients undergoing hemodialysis can be influenced by alternative and complementary treatment options. Method: A literature review based on 10 quantitative articles. To find relevant articles that answered the study's purpose PubMed, CINAHL, PsykINFO and Cochrane Library were used as databases. A modification of Olsson and Sörensen's (2011) quality template was used for quality review of the quantitative articles. The results analysis method used was developed by Forsberg and Wengström (2016), the analysis was carried out in order to more easily identify similarities and differences between the selected articles. Results: The use of CAM therapy showed varying results. In the studies, there was a reduction in pain and itching after the patients listened to live singing and performed aromatherapy. Regarding depression, anxiety and quality of life, there were varying results depending on the treatment method used. Two categories and seven subcategories are identified. Conclusion: The use of CAM medicine can have positive effects on the physical and mental quality of life. More research on the subject is required before the healthcare staff will be able to offer this as a complement to the nursing care.