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The role of self efficacy and responsibility in patients with obsessive compulsive disorderFung, Ho-kin, Michael. January 2008 (has links)
Thesis (M. Soc. Sc.)--University of Hong Kong, 2008. / Includes bibliographical references (p.39-48).
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Reclaiming childhood's promise /Haggerty, Kimberly A. January 1900 (has links)
Thesis (M.A.)--Rowan University, 2009. / Typescript.
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The role of motivation to change in the treatment of obsessive-compulsive disorderSpofford, Christopher M., January 2009 (has links)
Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Massachusetts Amherst, 2009. / Open access. Includes bibliographical references (p. 99-108). Print copy also available.
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A Scoping Review of Behavior Analytic Assessment and Treatments for Individuals with Obsessive-Compulsive Disorders and Intellectual DisabilitiesFriedrich, Mary Jane 01 December 2016 (has links)
The present scoping review of the literature was conducted to analyze all studies of assessment and treatment approaches for individuals diagnosed with obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) and intellectual disabilities (ID). Search terms were used to identify articles published in behavioral journals. The criteria for the articles reviewed included articles that were peer-reviewed and empirical articles. Online search engines used contained information from the Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, Journal of Experimental Analysis, The Psychological Record, Behavior Analysis in Practice, The Analysis of Verbal Behavior, and The Behavior Analysis. Key words used in the procedural method of searching for information included obsessive compulsive disorder, OCD, obsessions, compulsions, obsessive hand washing, ordering, checking, praying, counting, repetition, delusional beliefs, grandiose thoughts, controlled thoughts, hoarding, anxiety, panic, fears, germs, look feel sound just right, contamination, and excessive worries. The findings included total of 13,785 articles. After screening for duplication and relevant citations, 13 scoping reviews were identified as meeting eligibility criteria. The present paper reviewed what articles were available with respect to assessments and treatments among individuals with obsessive compulsive disorders and individuals with intellectual disabilities. The result of this study was that one article was found meeting the criteria of assessments and treatments among individuals with obsessive compulsive disorder and intellectual disabilities. The indication, as a result of this study, is that the current literature for assessments and treatments of the symptoms of obsessive compulsive disorders and intellectual disabilities is lacking, and future research is indicated.
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Obsessive-compulsive disorder : defining the role of gene-based variants and immunological factorsKinnear, Craig 03 1900 (has links)
Thesis (MSc)--Stellenbosch University, 2001. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT:
Please see fulltext for abstract / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING:
Sien asb volteks vir opsomming
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Symptom dimensions in obsessive-compulsive disorderLochner, Christine 12 1900 (has links)
Thesis (PhD (Psychiatry))--University of Stellenbsoch, 2005. / Background: Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a neuropsychiatric condition
characterized by significant heterogeneity. It has been suggested that classification of OCD
into more homogeneous subtypes, and identification of their associations with etiological
factors (e.g. genetic variants, or psychological trauma), and outcome (e.g. disability and
treatment response), may be useful. The identified subtypes are not definitive yet and
continue to be subject to revision. The overall objective of this dissertation was to assess
comprehensively a sample of OCD patients, and to use cluster analytic methods to delineate
valid OCD subtypes.
Methods: Patients meeting DSM-IV criteria for a primary diagnosis of OCD (N=261) on the
Structured Clinical Interview for Axis I Disorders - Patient Version (SCID-I/P), with ages
ranging from 16 to 71, took part in the study. The newly developed Structured Clinical
Interview for the Diagnosis of putative Obsessive-Compulsive Spectrum Disorders (SCIDOCSD)
was administered to assess OCD-related conditions not covered by the SCID-I/P.
OCD subtyping, based on OCD symptomatology (assessed with the Yale-Brown Obsessive-
Compulsive Symptom Checklist [YBOCS-CL]), and based on comorbidity with the OCD
spectrum of disorders (assessed with the SCID-OCSD), proceeded along the following lines:
Firstly, latent class cluster analysis (LCA), a categorical analogue to traditional factor
analysis (FA), and with many advantages compared to FA, was implemented with the (nine)
most frequently endorsed OC symptoms. Secondly, in an attempt to remedy some of the
limitations of the LCA (e.g. increased potential for computational instability when additional
indicators / symptoms were included), cluster analyses (Ward’s method) were performed on
all of the items of the YBOCS-CL and SCID-OCSD, respectively, for all OCD patients. The
associations of cluster scores with demographic variables (age, gender), clinical variables
(age of onset, obsessive-compulsive symptom severity and dimensions, level of insight,
temperament, childhood trauma, treatment response) and genotypes were then examined, using Spearman correlation coefficients, one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), and Mann-
Whitney U-tests, where appropriate.
Results: The findings suggested that increased presentation of symptoms characteristic of
each of the clusters of cases was associated with specific demographic and clinical
characteristics, which substantiated the presence of distinct clinical subtypes of OCD.
Cluster analysis of the 45 selected items of the YBOCS-CL in this sample of OCD patients
identified 6 separate clusters; these clusters were labelled “Contamination fears / washing”,
“Hoarding / collecting”, “Symmetry / ordering / counting / arranging / repeating”, “Sexual”,
“Somatic, religious and diverse” and “Harm-related”. Increased presentation of symptoms
characteristic of each of the clusters was associated with specific demographic, clinical and,
in some cases, genetic characteristics. Of note, the findings indicated the L/L (met/met)
genotype of COMT Val158Met polymorphism plays a major role in the increased
manifestation of sexual, somatic, religious and diverse, and harm-related symptoms of OCD,
as such contributing to the relatively limited data on OC symptom subtypes and genetics.
However, the fact that the associated features did not clearly and uniquely differentiate
clusters and that clusters were significantly correlated with one another suggested that the
delineation of the OCD complex into OC symptom clusters is not the only way to approach
the heterogeneity characteristic of OCD. Nevertheless, the significant comorbidity with
OCSD’s in the identified clusters (e.g. tics associated with sexual obsessions / compulsions)
highlighted the significant relationship of OCD with the OCSD’s. This again raised the
question about the way in which the OCSD’s “fit” with the standard OC symptomatology
outlined in the YBOCS-CL. A cluster analysis of OCSD’s in OCD patients identified a
Tourette’s syndrome / tics subtype of OCD (part of the so-called “reward deficiency” cluster),
as well as an impulsivity subtype, and a somatic subtype – each associated with specific
clinical and demographic variables. Here, a significant relationship between the identified clusters and the investigated dopaminergic and serotonergic polymorphisms was not found,
suggesting that variants in other genes in these systems should also be explored.
Conclusion: The main finding was that OCD is indeed a heterogeneous disorder that may
be subtyped into different symptom dimensions. The identified OCD subtypes with their
associated features were to a large extent consistent with previously published data.
However, in contrast to factor analysis, LCA provided a novel, appropriate and
advantageous statistical analysis strategy for the data. Furthermore, to our knowledge, the
attempt to classifiy OCD according to comorbid OCSD’s was the first cluster analysis based
on a prospective comprehensive interview investigating a range of OCSD’s. As such,
although the dimensional structure of OCD is still not entirely understood, the categorization
of our OCD patients into different groups and the investigation of their respective features
have gone beyond the literature and thus add another dimension to the increasing efforts to
fully delineate OCD subtypes.
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Attachment security, self-concept clarity and beliefs in obsessive-compulsive disorderMay, Elizabeth January 2007 (has links)
Cognitive models of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) suggest that an ambivalent self-concept and dysfunctional beliefs play an important role in the pathogenesis of OCD. Early attachment experience is argued to be the main process through which such ambivalent self-representations develop. The current study investigated self-concept clarity, a broader construct than ambivalence, attachment security, obsessive-compulsive (OC)-relevant beliefs and their relation to OC symptoms. Forty four people who reported experiencing OC symptoms were compared to 34 individuals who reported no mental health difficulties. People who experienced OC symptoms exhibited significantly less self-concept clarity, less attachment security and higher levels of OC-related beliefs. Once levels of depression were controlled for, no significant relationship between attachment security and self-concept clarity was found in the OCD group. OC symptoms were not significantly correlated with self-concept clarity in the OCD group, although significant negative relationships were found between self-concept clarity and specific OC symptoms. Evidence was found to support the notion that OC-relevant beliefs mediate the relationship between self-concept clarity and OC symptoms, in addition to mediating the relationship between attachment anxiety and OC symptoms. Implications for attachment theory and cognitive models of OCD are discussed, along with clinical and research implications.
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Acceptance and Commitment Therapy for Adolescent Obsessive-Compulsive DisorderArmstrong, Andrew Ben 01 December 2011 (has links)
There is growing support for the use of acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) as a treatment for adults with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). No research has been published to date on the use of ACT as a treatment for adolescent OCD. To begin investigating ACT for youth OCD, a multiple baseline study was conducted. The primary measure was self-monitoring of compulsions and assessor completed (CYBOCS). Three adolescent participants, ages 12 to 17, were treated with 8 to 10 sessions of ACT (without exposure). Results showed that the intervention was successful for all participants, with a 40% mean reduction in self-reported compulsions. Near absence of compulsions was reported by two of three participants at posttreatment. CY-BOCS ratings decreased by an average of 28.2%. Treatment procedures were rated by participants and parents as highly acceptable. Experimental and clinical implications of results are discussed. Data suggest that ACT may be a viable treatment as an alternative or an adjunct to exposure-based treatments.
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Obsessive compulsive disorder and support groupsDavis, Allison. January 2008 (has links)
Thesis (M.A.) -- University of Texas at Arlington, 2008.
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Emotion regulation among individuals with obsessive-compulsive disorderTong, Sung-ki, Bianca., 湯崇琪. January 2011 (has links)
Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is associated with brain abnormalities in
the areas that regulate emotions, and it is postulated that people with OCD have
difficulty downregulating ( = reducing) their negative emotions. This study
recruited 20 participants with OCD and 20 controls to rate 294 emotional photos
(emotional stimuli not related to OCD) for emotional valence. Participants were
then asked to downregulate while they saw the 20 photos with the highest negative
ratings and 20 photos with the highest positive ratings. Participants with OCD had
more difficulty downregulating their negative emotions than controls. Evidence for
that is that (1) participants with OCD gave significantly higher ratings to the
affectively negative photos in the postregulation phase, after adjusting for their
preregulation ratings and (2) participants with OCD took significantly more time to
regulate both their negative and positive emotions. The findings suggest that
individuals with OCD not only present with the symptoms that are specified in the
OCD diagnostic criteria of DSM-IV TR (American Psychiatric Association, 2000),
but also with difficulty downregulating their negative emotions to non
obsessive-compulsive (nonOC) affectively negative stimuli. Clinicians may
consider adding emotion regulation skills to psychological treatments of OCD. / published_or_final_version / Clinical Psychology / Doctoral / Doctor of Psychology
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