<p>The market is flooded with new concepts, some of them are working better than others. The</p><p>concept conciergeries is a relatively new concept on the European market, which is well</p><p>known on the US one. However, entering a new market with a new concept is not always easy</p><p>as there are some factors to be considered by the company.</p><p>The objective of this thesis is to provide the reader with a theoretical part, which is led by our</p><p>defined model in the introduction. In the empirical part the gathered information is presented</p><p>in order to compare the theory and the data gathered in the analysis. Furthermore the aim of</p><p>this thesis is to prove if a particular market – namely Sweden – is ready for introducing such a</p><p>concept. During the survey, the Swedish market and the Swedes has been regarded in more</p><p>detail to compare it with the pioneer (US) and the given market (France). To confirm/not</p><p>confirm the first statement, the authors made an interview with one potential customer in</p><p>Sweden. In the end a conclusion and some recommendations are given to the reader.</p>

The market is flooded with new concepts, some of them are working better than others. The concept conciergeries is a relatively new concept on the European market, which is well known on the US one. However, entering a new market with a new concept is not always easy as there are some factors to be considered by the company. The objective of this thesis is to provide the reader with a theoretical part, which is led by our defined model in the introduction. In the empirical part the gathered information is presented in order to compare the theory and the data gathered in the analysis. Furthermore the aim of this thesis is to prove if a particular market – namely Sweden – is ready for introducing such a concept. During the survey, the Swedish market and the Swedes has been regarded in more detail to compare it with the pioneer (US) and the given market (France). To confirm/not confirm the first statement, the authors made an interview with one potential customer in Sweden. In the end a conclusion and some recommendations are given to the reader.

On sait bien peu de choses sur la prison parisienne du XVIIIe siècle. Si les historiens ont été fascinés par le pénitencier du XIXe, ils ont largement négligé la geôle d’Ancien Régime. La période n’a pas été entièrement ignorée, bien sûr : elle voit naître les écrits de Beccaria qui remettent en cause le régime des supplices et qui mettent en branle la réforme pénale. C’est aussi le temps du Grand Renfermement des pauvres et des asociaux dont l’Hôpital général et le dépôt de mendicité sont les plus nettes matérialisations. Mais, là encore, la prison, qui faisait pourtant partie intégrante de la procédure judiciaire de l’époque, a été écartée. Le présent travail vise à combler une partie de cette béance en explorant le monde de la prison prépénale dans le Paris du XVIIIe siècle. Bien loin de constituer un objet isolé, cette geôle ordinaire doit être intégrée à part entière dans l’histoire carcérale, celle-là même qui mène jusqu’au pénitencier.La démonstration s’articule en trois grandes parties entre lesquelles les liens sont nombreux. La première prend pour assise la structure de la prison : sa charpente, ses bâtiments, sa constitution matérielle. Elle aborde les établissements d’enfermement d’abord et avant tout comme des objets tangibles et concrets. La seconde partie quitte la structure de la prison parisienne pour plonger dans ses circuits financiers. Il s’agit d’explorer deux grandes questions : d’où vient l’argent et où va-t-il? Finalement, la troisième partie pénètre plus en profondeur le monde carcéral en ciblant les hommes qui la composent: la prison est aussi faite de relations. / We know very little about the Parisian prison of the XVIIIth century. Historians have been fascinated by the XIXth century penitentiary but they have largely neglected the Ancien Régime prison. The period was not entirely ignored, of course: it sees the birth of Beccaria's writings which question the relevance of physical punishment and set in motion the penal reform. It's also the time of the Grand Renfermement of paupers and asocials, of which the Hôpital général and the dépôt de mendicité are the clearest incarnations. However, the prison, which was an integral part of the judicial procedure, was discarded. The present research aims to fill a part of this gap by exploring the world of prepenal prison in XVIIIth century Paris. Far from forming an isolated object, this Ancien Régime jail must be fully integrated in the history of prisons which leads all the way to the penitentiary.The demonstration is articulated in three parts between which the links are numerous. The first takes as its basis the structure of the prison, its framework, its buildings, its material constitution. It addresses the detention facilities first and foremost as tangible and concrete objects. The second part leaves the structure of the Parisian prison to dive into its financial circuits. It explores two large questions: where does the money come from and where does it go? Finally, the third part penetrates even deeper in the prison world by targeting the men who compose it. The prison, after all, is made up of human relations.

La prison de la Conciergerie occupe une place particulière dans le paysage pénitentiaire parisien du XVIIe siècle. Elle accueille de nombreux prisonniers pour dette, les prisonniers jugés en première instance par l’une des juridictions siégeant dans Palais de la Cité, dont elle occupe les bâtiments, mais aussi et surtout les prisonniers en appel devant le parlement de Paris. A partir de l’analyse de parcours individuels de prisonniers et de personnels de la Conciergerie (les dynasties de concierges Regnoust et Dumont), reconstitués grâce aux archives criminelles et notariales, la thèse porte sur les relations sociales et les comportements au sein de la prison. Après une première partie consacrée à un état des lieux de la Conciergerie au début du XVIIe siècle, la deuxième partie met en avant les particularités de sa société carcérale : moins séparée du monde extérieur que les prisons actuelles, elle reproduit à petite échelle la société parisienne. Plutôt que sur une distinction rigoureuse entre hommes et femmes et entre catégories criminelles, son organisation est fondée sur la position sociale et la richesse. Les prisonniers régulent eux-mêmes leurs conflits, le plus souvent sans faire appel au personnel. Quant à l’univers socio-professionnel des gardiens, il ressemble beaucoup à celui des métiers parisiens par les relations à la fois solidaires et hiérarchisées entre le concierge et ses guichetiers et morgeurs. La troisième partie porte sur « l’aventure de l’évasion », révélatrice de l’importance du contexte social et culturel dans la décision, la préparation et l’exécution d’une telle entreprise. / The prison of the Conciergerie occupied a special place in the Paris prison landscape of the seventeenth century. It hosted many prisoners for debt, prisoners tried in first instance by one of the courts sitting in the Palais de Justice, which occupied the buildings, but also and above all the prisoners appealed to the parliament of Paris. From the analysis of individual pathways both of prisoners and staff of the Conciergerie (dynasties of chief jailers Regnoust and Dumont) and reconstituted from criminal and notarial archives, the thesis focuses on social relationships and behavior within the prison. After a first part dedicated to an overview of the Conciergerie in the early seventeenth century, the second part highlights the peculiarities of this prison society: less separated from the outside world that the current prison, it played small-scale Parisian society. Rather than on a rigorous distinction between men and women and between criminal groups, the organization was based on social status and wealth. Prisoners regulated their own conflicts, often without involving staff. As for the socio-professional world of guards, it resembled that of the Parisian business relations, involving both solidarity and hierarchy between the jailers. The third part focuses on "the adventure of escape", revealing the importance of social and cultural context in the decision, preparation and execution of such an undertaking.