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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Experimental studies of the behavior of 'pessimum' aggregates in different test procedures used to evaluate the alkali reactivity of aggregates in concrete

Arrieta Martinez, Gloriana 25 June 2012 (has links)
Alkali-silica reaction (ASR) is a common deterioration mechanism responsible for numerous concrete durability issues. Since ASR was first discovered in the 1940's, a significant number of investigations have been carried out in order to understand its mechanisms. However, due to the complexity of the reaction and to the numerous factors that affect its development, many aspects still remain unexplained. The research described in this document was funded by the Texas Department of Transportation (TxDOT), and it focused on a specific type of reactive aggregates, known as 'pessimum'; they present an unexpected behavior with respect to the relation between the amount of material present in the mixture and the extent of ASR related damage. The main objective of this investigation was to determine a method for identifying aggregates that exhibit the 'pessimum' behavior by means of a short-term testing regime. Modified versions of the Accelerated Mortar Bar Test (AMBT) and the Concrete Microbar Test (CMBT) were considered for this purpose. In addition, the behavior of a selected group of 'pessimum' aggregates in the Concrete Prism Test (CPT) and the Chemical Method was evaluated. The petrographic characteristics for a reduced number of the aggregates studied were linked to their performance in the ASR tests. The results obtained from the experimental program conducted were combined with results from previous investigations performed at UT Austin to draw conclusions about the overall behavior of ‘pessimum’ aggregates. ‘Pessimum’ aggregates were successfully identified with a modification proposed to the AMBT. As for their behavior, it was found that depending on the amount of reactive constituents present in each test, these aggregates are classified as reactive (for low chert contents) or as non-reactive (for chert contents above the 'pessimum' proportion). Whether these aggregates will generate durability problems depends on the amount of reactive silica in the concrete mixture. / text
2

An investigative study on physical sulfate attack and alkali-silica reaction test methods

Lowe, Travis Evans 05 August 2011 (has links)
This thesis is unique in that it investigated two completely different forms of concrete deterioration: physical sulfate attack and the alkali-silica reaction (ASR). Research was undertaken to better understand physical sulfate attack in order to provide much needed guidance on how to prevent durable this form of deterioration. A testing regime was designed to evaluate and analyze different concrete mixtures with varying water to cementitious material ratios (w/cm), cement types (Type I and V), and use of supplementary cementing materials (SCMs) in accelerated laboratory exposure and outdoor exposure testing. The accelerated laboratory testing evaluated the performance of concrete cylinder segments fully submerged in 30% (by mass of solution) sodium sulfate solution exposed to a temperature and humidity cycle that would promote cycles of alternative conversion between anhydrous sodium sulfate (thenardite) and decahydrate sodium sulfate (mirabilite). In the outdoor exposure site, two different sized concrete cylinders per mixture proportion were partially submerged in 5% (33,000 ppm) sodium sulfate solution and exposed to alternative wetting and drying conditions, along with, temperature fluctuations that would promote conversion between thenardite (Na2SO4) and mirabilite (Na2SO4∙10H2O). With regard to ASR test methods, it has been shown with past research that it is not possible to evaluate “job mixtures” or determine alkali thresholds using ASTM C 1293 (Concrete Prism Test) with evaluating aggregates and concrete mixture proportions for the susceptibility of ASR when testing job mixtures. The most commonly cited issue with the concrete prism test is excessive leaching of alkalis during the course of the test, which may not be a major issue when using the standard, high-alkali concrete mixtures as per ASTM C 1293 but is clearly an issue when testing lower-alkali concrete mixtures. For low-alkali mixtures, alkali leaching can reduce the internal alkali content below the threshold that triggers expansion for a given aggregate. A comprehensive study was initiated that evaluated various modifications to ASTM C 1293, with the intention of developing a testing regime better suited to testing “job mixes” and/or low-alkali concrete mixtures. / text
3

Contribuição ao estudo dos métodos de ensaio na avaliação das reações álcali-agregado em concretos. / Contribution to the study of test methods in assessing alkali-aggregate reactions in concrete.

Sanchez, Leandro Francisco Moretti 05 May 2008 (has links)
Muitas estruturas e elementos estruturais de concreto vêm sofrendo nas últimas décadas reações químicas deletérias do tipo álcali-agregado (RAA) no Brasil e no mundo. Essas reações geram expansões que podem comprometer a capacidade portante da estrutura, assim como o seu desempenho em serviço e sua durabilidade. Diagnosticar uma estrutura deteriorada pela RAA in loco é um assunto ainda pouco estudado, mas perfeitamente possível. Propor uma solução em termos de recuperação e/ou reforço é difícil e geralmente tem custo muito elevado, correndo-se o risco de que a solução, na maioria das vezes, seja ineficiente ou parcial. Até os dias atuais, não existe um consenso no meio técnico-científico no que tange a recuperação de estruturas afetadas por tal manifestação deletéria, devendo ser cada caso analisado de maneira única. No entanto, é consenso no meio técnico-científico que o ideal para combater a RAA é a prevenção. Para isto, torna-se necessário o desenvolvimento e a utilização de métodos experimentais, que possam de maneira antecipada detectar o risco da eventual futura reação deletéria. Este trabalho estuda os principais e mais utilizados métodos de ensaio para a análise de agregados e de combinações cimento/agregados em laboratório, fazendo ao seu final, uma análise crítica no que tange a eficiência e confiabilidade de cada um deles. Para o presente estudo, são utilizados seis agregados encontrados no Brasil, com quatro litologias diferentes (dois granitos, dois basaltos, um milonito e um quartzito). Entre os ensaios estudados, podem ser citados os métodos AMBT, (método acelerado de barras de argamassa), CPT (método dos prismas de concreto), ACPT (método acelerado de prismas de concreto) e ACPST (método acelerado de prismas de concreto imerso em solução), além de análises petrográficas através do microscópio ótico. Além da análise comparativa entre métodos de ensaio existentes, esta dissertação propõe ao meio técnico um novo método de ensaio, denominado ABCPT (método acelerado brasileiro de prismas de concreto). Este método foi desenvolvido com o intuito de possuir a confiabilidade de resposta do método CPT e a agilidade do ensaio ACPST. Os resultados demonstram que todos os métodos de ensaio realizados em concreto (CPT, ACPT, ACPST e ABCPT) possuem grande correlação entre si, podendo ser utilizado qualquer um deles para classificação da reatividade potencial de agregados em laboratório. Já o ensaio de barras de argamassa (AMBT) apresenta incongruências na análise e classificação de agregados quando comparado com os métodos realizados em concreto e a análise petrográfica. Portanto, os parâmetros que envolvem o ensaio como suas condições. / Many concrete structures have been suffering from alkali-aggregate reactions (AAR) since the last decades in Brazil and around the world. The reactions generate expansions that could compromise the strength of a concrete structure as well as its performance in service and its durability. Nowadays, it is completely possible to detect AAR in the field, but repair and reinforce a damaged structure is difficult, very expensive and in most cases inefficient or partial. There is no consensus in the market on how to repair and reinforce damaged structures. However, there is a consensus that the best way to face the problem is the prevention. This work studies the main test methods used to analyze aggregates and the combinations cement/aggregates in the laboratory and finally comparing them. In this work six Brazilian aggregates with four different lithologies (two granites, two basalts, one granite-gneiss and one quartzite) were used. Among the test methods studied were AMBT (accelerated mortar bar test), CPT (concrete prism test), ACPT (accelerated concrete prism test), ACPST (accelerated concrete prism soaked test) and petrographic analysis. Beyond the comparison among used tests, this work presents the attempt to develop a new accelerated test method. The test was called ABCPT (accelerated Brazilian concrete prism test), and it was developed with the aim of being as reliable as CPT and as fast as the ACPST. The results show that all concrete test methods (CPT, ACPT, ACPST and ABCPT) have good correlation among them, and anyone can be used to classify and analyze aggregates in the laboratory. On the other hand, the AMBT test method has showed different classifications for the same aggregates when compared to the concrete test methods and petrographic analysis. Therefore, its parameters need to be rethought and improved.
4

Contribuição ao estudo dos métodos de ensaio na avaliação das reações álcali-agregado em concretos. / Contribution to the study of test methods in assessing alkali-aggregate reactions in concrete.

Leandro Francisco Moretti Sanchez 05 May 2008 (has links)
Muitas estruturas e elementos estruturais de concreto vêm sofrendo nas últimas décadas reações químicas deletérias do tipo álcali-agregado (RAA) no Brasil e no mundo. Essas reações geram expansões que podem comprometer a capacidade portante da estrutura, assim como o seu desempenho em serviço e sua durabilidade. Diagnosticar uma estrutura deteriorada pela RAA in loco é um assunto ainda pouco estudado, mas perfeitamente possível. Propor uma solução em termos de recuperação e/ou reforço é difícil e geralmente tem custo muito elevado, correndo-se o risco de que a solução, na maioria das vezes, seja ineficiente ou parcial. Até os dias atuais, não existe um consenso no meio técnico-científico no que tange a recuperação de estruturas afetadas por tal manifestação deletéria, devendo ser cada caso analisado de maneira única. No entanto, é consenso no meio técnico-científico que o ideal para combater a RAA é a prevenção. Para isto, torna-se necessário o desenvolvimento e a utilização de métodos experimentais, que possam de maneira antecipada detectar o risco da eventual futura reação deletéria. Este trabalho estuda os principais e mais utilizados métodos de ensaio para a análise de agregados e de combinações cimento/agregados em laboratório, fazendo ao seu final, uma análise crítica no que tange a eficiência e confiabilidade de cada um deles. Para o presente estudo, são utilizados seis agregados encontrados no Brasil, com quatro litologias diferentes (dois granitos, dois basaltos, um milonito e um quartzito). Entre os ensaios estudados, podem ser citados os métodos AMBT, (método acelerado de barras de argamassa), CPT (método dos prismas de concreto), ACPT (método acelerado de prismas de concreto) e ACPST (método acelerado de prismas de concreto imerso em solução), além de análises petrográficas através do microscópio ótico. Além da análise comparativa entre métodos de ensaio existentes, esta dissertação propõe ao meio técnico um novo método de ensaio, denominado ABCPT (método acelerado brasileiro de prismas de concreto). Este método foi desenvolvido com o intuito de possuir a confiabilidade de resposta do método CPT e a agilidade do ensaio ACPST. Os resultados demonstram que todos os métodos de ensaio realizados em concreto (CPT, ACPT, ACPST e ABCPT) possuem grande correlação entre si, podendo ser utilizado qualquer um deles para classificação da reatividade potencial de agregados em laboratório. Já o ensaio de barras de argamassa (AMBT) apresenta incongruências na análise e classificação de agregados quando comparado com os métodos realizados em concreto e a análise petrográfica. Portanto, os parâmetros que envolvem o ensaio como suas condições. / Many concrete structures have been suffering from alkali-aggregate reactions (AAR) since the last decades in Brazil and around the world. The reactions generate expansions that could compromise the strength of a concrete structure as well as its performance in service and its durability. Nowadays, it is completely possible to detect AAR in the field, but repair and reinforce a damaged structure is difficult, very expensive and in most cases inefficient or partial. There is no consensus in the market on how to repair and reinforce damaged structures. However, there is a consensus that the best way to face the problem is the prevention. This work studies the main test methods used to analyze aggregates and the combinations cement/aggregates in the laboratory and finally comparing them. In this work six Brazilian aggregates with four different lithologies (two granites, two basalts, one granite-gneiss and one quartzite) were used. Among the test methods studied were AMBT (accelerated mortar bar test), CPT (concrete prism test), ACPT (accelerated concrete prism test), ACPST (accelerated concrete prism soaked test) and petrographic analysis. Beyond the comparison among used tests, this work presents the attempt to develop a new accelerated test method. The test was called ABCPT (accelerated Brazilian concrete prism test), and it was developed with the aim of being as reliable as CPT and as fast as the ACPST. The results show that all concrete test methods (CPT, ACPT, ACPST and ABCPT) have good correlation among them, and anyone can be used to classify and analyze aggregates in the laboratory. On the other hand, the AMBT test method has showed different classifications for the same aggregates when compared to the concrete test methods and petrographic analysis. Therefore, its parameters need to be rethought and improved.

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