Este trabalho apresenta estudos, ensaios e análises de resultados a respeito do comportamento à fadiga das estruturas de concreto armadas com barras isoladas e telas soldadas, começando pelas lajes de pontes, seus elementos mais sensíveis à fadiga. A parte experimental desta pesquisa consiste na investigação experimental do comportamento à fadiga de lajes de concreto armado, executadas com e sem pré-lajes armadas com barras de aço isoladas ou em tela soldada. Foram realizados ensaios de fadiga de barra ao ar em 36 corpos de prova de CA50 f10 mm, isoladas e em tela, com o objetivo de construir a Curva de Wöhler dessas barras de produção nacional. Além disso, foram ensaiadas 20 lajes executadas com e sem pré-lajes de concreto, montadas com diversas configurações de armadura, submetidas a ensaios estáticos e dinâmicos. A configuração de armadura adotada nas lajes da pesquisa foi baseada nas utilizadas com freqüência neste tipo de elemento das pontes. A escassez de dados precisos a respeito do comportamento de lajes armadas com barras ou com telas soldadas de fabricação brasileira submetidas a ações cíclicas conduziu ao propósito de se elaborar uma pesquisa de caráter experimental sobre esse tema, cujos resultados e conclusões pudessem fornecer informações mais precisas a respeito do desempenho das lajes. / This research presents the studies, tests and the analysis of the results about the behavior of concrete structures reinforced with rebars or steel mesh due to fatigue loading, starting with bridge slabs which are the most susceptible elements to fatigue. The experimental part of this research consists in testing the behavior due to fatigue of concrete slabs, with or without pre-slabs and reinforced with continuous bars or steel mesh. Axial testing in air of 36 specimens of CA50 f10 mm in continuous bars and mesh were made in order to build the Wöhler Curve for Brazilian conditions. Beyond that, tests were made in 20 concrete slabs with pre-slabs, with several reinforcements arrangement. The 20 slabs were submitted to static and dynamic loading. The reinforcement configuration was based on the commonly used for these elements. The scarcity of more precise data about the behavior of concrete slabs reinforced with rebars or welded mesh made in Brazil submitted to cycle loading was the major reason to make a research based on the testing results about this theme, which results and conclusions are capable of producing more accurate information about the behavior of the slabs.

Im Rahmen der beschriebenen Arbeit erfolgt die experimentelle Untersuchung von nachträglich an Stahlbetonplatten aufgetragenen Verstärkungsschichten, die einer Impaktbelastung ausgesetzt werden. Die Grundlage hierfür bilden drei verschieden bewehrte Testserien, welche anhand eines entwickelten Versuchsschemas geprüft werden. Zielstellung ist die Quantifizierung der Leistungsfähigkeit rückseitig applizierter Verstärkungen sowie die Weiterentwicklung einer bereits existierenden Schädigungsbeschreibung und eines analytischen bzw. numerischen Modells.

Das Ziel des Forschungsvorhabens ist die Entwicklung von leichten, ressourcenschonenden und tragfähigen Stahlbetonplatten als bionische Struktur, die durch Adaption natürlicher Formen und Prinzipien einen naturähnlichen Kraftfluss aufweisen. Es wurden drei voneinander unabhängige bionische Stahlbetonplattenstrukturen entwickelt und hinsichtlich des Tragverhaltens untersucht. Das Forschungsprojekt gliedert sich in die drei Arbeitsphasen: 1. Untersuchung und Optimierung einer spinnennetzartigen Bewehrungsanordnung, 2. Entwicklung einer bionischen Querschnittsgestaltung an der Plattenunterseite, 3. Optimierung des Kraftflusses durch die Form und die Anordnung von Hohlkörpern im Platteninneren. Die naturinspirierte Gestaltung der Plattenunterseite führt neben der veränderten Tragstruktur zu einer innovativen Formgebung, die die überwiegend kantigen und „langweiligen“ Betonstrukturen ersetzen kann. [Aus: Forschungsanlass]

Made available in DSpace on 2014-07-29T15:03:41Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 David Rosa Rodrigues.pdf: 6647846 bytes, checksum: 0949b9b9e50ce27a724b92ea2943c5d1 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-09-29 / This research presents the results of an experimental comparison between the types of shear reinforcement "stud rails" and "double headed studs" to combat the punching shear of a reinforced concrete flat slabs. It also presents a comparison of experimental results with those provided under the ACI 318/2005, CEB-FIP MC/1990, EUROCODE 2/2004 and NBR 6118:2003. The motivation was to investigate the efficiency of these shear reinforcement for the differences between them. It was tested six slabs of concrete to concentric load, with dimensions of 2400 mm x 2400 mm x 150 mm. It was concreted a column of section 500 mm x 200 mm to 850 mm total height next to the slab. The main variables were the type of shear reinforcement "stud rails" x "double headed studs, the "studs" diameter and the shear reinforcement area per layer. The slabs were tested until the failure. It was monitored the deflection, reinforcement deformation of bending and shear. All slabs failed by punching with internal surface rupture. The experimental results after being compared with the expected standard in each individual calculation showed conservative values. Slabs of Group 1 with "stud rails" presented failed loads greater than those in Group 2 with "double headed studs. Codes/standards 318/2005 ACI, CEB-FIP MC/1990, EUROCODE 2 / 2004 and NBR 6118:2003 safely predict the failed loads of all slabs. The base of the shear reinforcement type "stud rails" moving inside the column may have reduced the failed load of the slab L3. Shear reinforcement type stud rails it is easer of assembly and play than the type double headed studs . / Esta pesquisa apresenta os resultados de uma comparação experimental entre os tipos de armadura de cisalhamento stud rails e double headed studs para combate à punção em lajes cogumelo de concreto armado. Apresenta, também, uma comparação dos resultados experimentais com os previstos segundo o ACI 318/2005, CEB-FIP MC/1990, EUROCODE 2/2004 e a NBR 6118:2003. A motivação foi investigar a eficiência destas armaduras de cisalhamento a procura de diferenças entre elas. Foram ensaiadas seis lajes maciças de concreto armado à punção centrada, com dimensões 2400 mm x 2400 mm x 150 mm. Foi concretado junto à laje um pilar de seção 500 mm x 200 mm com altura total 850 mm. As principais variáveis foram o tipo de armadura de cisalhamento: stud rails x double headed studs , o diâmetro dos studs e a área de armadura de cisalhamento por camada. As lajes foram ensaiadas até a ruptura. Foram monitoradas as flechas, deformações da armadura de flexão e cisalhamento. Todas as lajes romperam por punção com superfície de ruptura interna. Os resultados experimentais após serem comparados com os esperados segundo cada norma de cálculo apresentaram valores conservadores. As lajes do Grupo 1 com stud rails apresentaram cargas de ruptura maiores que as do Grupo 2 com double headed studs . Os códigos/normas ACI 318/2005, CEB-FIP MC/1990, EUROCODE 2/2004 e a NBR 6118:2003 previram com segurança as cargas de ruptura de todas as lajes. A base da armadura de cisalhamento tipo stud rails avançando dentro do pilar pode ter reduzido a carga de ruptura da Laje L3. A armadura de cisalhamento tipo stud rails apresenta maior facilidade de montagem e execução que a tipo double headed studs .

The subject of diploma thesis is the elaboration of project documentation of an office building in the northern part of the city of Brno-Medlánky. The office building is designed as a four-storey, without basement. The roofs are flat, and the facade is designed as a glazed curtain wall. The operation of the office building is divided into an administrative part, a commercial part and a cafe. The individual operations do not intersect. Next to the building is a parking lot for customers and employees. The structural system of the building is RC frame with reinforced concrete walls. The internal walls are made of aerated concrete and acoustic lime-sand blocks. The partitions are precast plasterboard. The ceilings are cast-in-place reinforced concrete slabs. The floors are heavy floating with hot water underfloor heating. Most of the flat roofs are green. The drawing part was processed in Revit and AutoCAD.

Subject of this diploma thesis is desing dokumentation of apartment house. Documentation contains all requisites according to valid regulations. House is designed as detached basement house with one underground floor and five aboveground floors. Object is based on reinforced concrete foundation pads. House is roofed with a flat roof. House contains 18 dwelling units with balconies or terraces. In object is solved parking in underground floor. Vertical load-bearing structure is made of clay blocks. Floors are made of cast-in-place reinforced concrete. Underground floor load-bearing structure is reinforced concrete frame. House is insulated with contact thermal insulation. Mechanical resistence and stability, health protection, healthy live conditions and enviroment, fire security, safety in use of building, energy savings and thermal protection is ensured.

Im Rahmen experimenteller Untersuchungen wurden Stahlbetonplatten hergestellt, mit verschiedenen textilen Bewehrungen verstärkt, mit 125 % Gebrauchslast vorgeschädigt und anschließend unter Gebrauchslast mit einer Brandbelastung nach der Einheitstemperaturkurve (ISO-834, Cellulosic curve) beaufschlagt. Alle Platten hielten der Brandbelastung bei gleichzeitiger Biegebeanspruchung mehr als 60 Minuten stand und zeigten weder Betonabplatzungen noch andere optische Schädigungen auf. Die für dieses überraschend positive Ergebnis verantwortlichen Mechanismen werden diskutiert, sind aber noch nicht vollständig verstanden. Eine Schlüsselrolle spielt dabei vermutlich das gute Rissverhalten von Textilbeton und interne Umlagerungen zwischen Textil und Stahlbewehrung.

The aim of this master’s project is to develop project documentation of a new-built mountain hotel in Ostružná. This hotel is near the ski area Ramzová in Jeseníky. Foundation of my building is from ground reinforced concrete slab. My building is supported by clay block load-bearing walls and clay non-load bearing walls. Exterior building envelope is designed as an aluminum shingle ventilated facade. The slabs are from reinforced concrete. The roofs of this designed building are two, first is pitched roof with insulation over rafters and second is intensive green warm flat roof. This project contains HVAC concept, photovoltaic panel concept, heating concept in technical equipment of building part. The third part of my master’s project is energy assessment for the building.

[ES] Este trabajo de investigación se centra en el análisis de las tres últimas obras construidas por Affonso Eduardo Reidy, proyectadas en 1962. El Coreto y los pabellones del Morro da Viúva y do Flamengo basan su concepción estructural bajo la lógica de las láminas estructurales de hormigón. La investigación aborda en primer lugar este sistema y su funcionamiento, analizando las características que le son intrínsecas y reflexionando sobre la forma en que tales características pudieron, paulatinamente, ser introducidas en el contexto del Movimiento Moderno para acabar siendo utilizadas de forma generalizada en los años 50 y 60. La segunda parte de la Tesis se adentra en el pensamiento de Reidy, su marco teórico, influencias y contexto social, para pasar después a analizar la forma en que Reidy aborda la concepción estructural en sus proyectos. Para ello se hace un repaso cronológico de sus obras, resaltando los aspectos más relevantes que le puedan llevar, al final de su carrera, a construir los pabellones del Aterro do Flamengo. La última parte de la investigación se centra en los propios pabellones y su análisis en profundidad. Para ello se hace uso de los planos originales rescatados en el archivo de la Fundação Parques e Jardins, de Rio de Janeiro. Este análisis aborda primero el contexto del propio parque, reflexionando sobre los condicionantes que la tipología arquitectónica en el que se enmarcan - un pabellón de jardín - pudiera haber condicionado a Reidy a la hora de ser proyectados. En una segunda parte, se analizan otros aspectos que les atañen: tipología, espacialidad, morfología y finalmente sistema constructivo. De esta forma, se establecen algunas conclusiones sobre su encuadre dentro de la trayectoria de la obra de Reidy. / [CA] Aquest treball de recerca es centra en l'anàlisi de les tres darreres obres construïdes per Affonso Eduardo Reidy, projectades en el 1962. El Coreto i els pavellons del Morro da Viúva i do Flamengo basen la seua concepció estructural sota la lògica de les làmines estructurals de formigó armat. La recerca aborda els inicis d¿aquest sistema i el seu funcionament, per passar després a un acostament a les obres des de diferents angles: com a sistema constructiu i les característiques que li són pròpies, contextualitzant la forma en què tals característiques van poder, gradualment, ser introduïdes en el context del Moviment Modern. En la segona part s'estableix una anàlisi sobre el pensament de Reidy, el seu marc teòric, influències i context social, per a passar després a analitzar sota els criteris de tal pensament, l'abordatge projectual de les seus obres, fent un repàs cronològic i ressaltant els aspectes més rellevants que li pogueren portar, al final de la seua carrera, a construir els pavellons de l'Aterro do Flamengo. L¿últim capítol de la recerca es centra en els pavellons, fent un anàlisi en profunditat que es recolza en els plànols originals rescatats a l'arxiu de la Fundação Parques e Jardins, de la ciutat de Rio de Janeiro. En primer lloc, aquesta anàlisi s'aborda dins del context del propi parc, reflexionant sobre els condicionants que la tipologia arquitectònica en què s'encaixen - Un pavelló de jardí - pogueren influenciar en Reidy a l'hora de ser projectats. En una segona part, es passa a analitzar altres aspectes que els afecten: tipologia, espacialitat, morfologia i finalment sistema constructiu. D¿aquesta manera, es poden establir algunes conclusions sobre la forma com s'enquadren dins la trajectòria de l'obra de Reidy. / [EN] This research focuses on the analysis of the last three works built by Affonso Eduardo Reidy, projected in 1962. The Coreto, Morro da Viuva and Flamengo pavilions base their structural conception on the logic of concrete shells and folded plates. The first part of the document focusses in the features, logic, and origin of this system, analysing and reflecting on how its characteristics could, gradually, be introduced in the context of the Modernism. The second part of the document analyses Reidy's thinking, his theoretical framework, influences, and social context, exposing the professional and personal environment of the architect. Once the system and the architect are analysed, the research continues with the detection of the different strategies used by Reidy to approach the structural conceptualization in his projects, making a chronological review of his works and highlighting the most relevant aspects that may lead him, at the end of his career, to project the Aterro do Flamengo pavilions. Finally, in the last chapter, a thorough analysis of the pavilions is made based on the original blueprints found in the Fundação Parques e Jardins archive, in Rio de Janeiro. This analysis firstly approaches the context of the park, reflecting on the architectural typology in which the pavilions are defined - a garden pavilion - and how this typology could influence Reidy in the way they are projected. In a second part, other aspects that concern the architectural analysis are developed: typology, spatiality, morphology and finally the construction system used. The compilation of all these aspects leads to some conclusions about the experimental approach of the pavilions and the way they fit within Reidy's professional career. / García-Gasco Lominchar, S. (2023). Affonso Eduardo Reidy y los pabellones del Aterro do Flamengo. Experimentaciones en lámina estructural de hormigón armado [Tesis doctoral]. Universitat Politècnica de València. https://doi.org/10.4995/Thesis/10251/196655

As part of the work in this project, a literature review is conducted to determine the optimal thickness of the outer concrete layer in prefabricated concrete sandwich elements. These elements are used as exterior walls in buildings and consist of a load-bearing inner concrete layer, an intermediate insulation layer, and an outer concrete layer that forms the building's facade. The focus is on optimizing the sandwich wall in precast concrete by reducing the thickness of the outer skin compared to the current standard thickness of 80 mm. This could potentially reduce the weight of the elements by approximately 1.5-2 tons by reducing the thickness from 80 mm to 30 mm. This weight reduction can have a significant impact, for instance, on the crane capacity in large construction projects, allowing a crane to handle all the elements on a construction site without the need for relocation. Additionally, this optimization of the sandwich wall will result in cost savings by using less material in the elements, as well as impacting other aspects of the construction process, such as energy consumption and transportation costs. In this project, test specimens of size 400mm x 400mm have been used, and to draw comprehensive conclusions, full-scale experiments are required to account for factors such as temperature variations and shrinkage in the outer skin. In this work, compressive strength tests have also been conducted to determine the strength of the concrete used in the outer skin of the tested sandwich walls. The concrete used in the tests was a fiber-reinforced concrete from Finja, and the reinforcing mesh was a hot-dip galvanized plaster mesh. Initially, samples were cast to test the laboratory equipment and evaluate the testing methods. Subsequently, the remaining samples were cast and tested according to a predetermined schedule to ensure relevant testing conditions. Samples on the wall elements were made with both diagonal and straight anchoring and were tested under tensile load parallel to the outer layer as well as tensile load perpendicular to the outer layer. In total, 20 samples were conducted in the study, testing various combinations of anchoring systems, loads, reinforcement, and recesses. Samples 1-10 were tested with diagonal anchoring and parallel load, while samples 11-20 were tested with perpendicular anchoring and perpendicular in combination with parallel load. The samples exhibited a variation in failure types, such as grain failure in the outer layer, anchor pull-out, adhesion, and outer layer failure. The highest load values were observed in sample 2 (8.7 kN) and 6 (7.6 kN) for samples 1 to 10, and sample 12 (10.6 kN) and 15 (9 kN) for samples 11 to 20. In summary, it can be stated that the trials have yielded initially positive results regarding the practical use of a thinner outer panel for prefabricated concrete sandwich elements.