Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:32:43Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2007-06-21Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T20:43:45Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 silva_jms_dr_botfca.pdf: 435059 bytes, checksum: 94166d93f0c927f7d4158f3aa6ca96ab (MD5) / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) / Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) / The aim of this work was to compare the final development of Pinus oocarpa Schiede seedlings using tree different underwater depth and with or without coverage fertilization. The research was done inside on a glass green house at the UNESP - College of Agronomical Science, Rural Engineering Department (Botucatu - SP - Brazil). Two trials were done to evaluate biomass, seedling height and diameter development. The first trial, using underground water on 17 cm, 31 cm and 45 cm depth, with or without coverage fertilization with N-P-K. The second trial was done with 28 flowerpots (12 liters each) and 3 seedlings per unit. The experimental design, used to evaluate the height and diameter growth and hydric potential and relative plant water content, was: 1- without water deficit and without coverage fertilization; 2- with water deficit and without coverage fertilization; 3- without water deficit and with coverage fertilization; 4- with water deficit and coverage fertilization. The underground water result showed that 31 cm and fertilization was better for seedling growing rather that 17 cm and without fertilization. The fertilized treatments showed higher plant high and diameter comparing to non fertilized samples, using Tukey test at 5%. For dry plant matter, the best results were obtained with 31 and 45 cm underground water level. The seedling root system dry mass was decrement along the soil profile. The treatment with underground water of 31 cm and fertilization was superior according to Tukey test at 5% of probability and the treatment with underground water of 17 cm and without fertilization was inferior for root dry mass (g). All the others treatment didn t have statistical differences. It didn t happen the irrigation effect on the plant high development; however the fertilized treatment had superior development compared to unfertilized samples. The relative water content didn t change... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:22:17Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2014-03-14Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T20:48:38Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 000757718.pdf: 1201940 bytes, checksum: 2e8b4819a53116ec378eb1637f024449 (MD5) / Algumas regiões do Brasil, por onde a cultura da cana-de-açúcar se expande, caracterizam-se por apresentar períodos de forte restrição hídrica, e este é o principal fator limitante ao bom desenvolvimento da cultura nestas áreas, tornando-se assim necessário o desenvolvimento de novos germoplasmas tolerantes à restrição hídrica. Identificar ferramentas adequadas de seleção e características quantificáveis podem facilitar o processo de melhoramento da cultura para tolerância à seca. A maior probabilidade de obtenção de nova cultivar ocorre com o cruzamento de genitores com características agronômicas favoráveis e com máxima distância genética entre si, para aumentar a possibilidade de obtenção de indivíduos com excelente potencial heterótico. No presente projeto foi avaliada a habilidade de algumas características morfofisiológicas para distinguir entre tolerantes e susceptíveis 10 genótipos de cana-de-açúcar. O experimento foi desenvolvido em condição de casa de vegetação em vasos no município de Botucatu (SP). Aos 60 dias após o plantio foram iniciados os tratamentos sem deficiência hídrica (+W) e com deficiência hídrica (–W). Ao tratamento +W foi fornecido água em quantidade necessária para manter os vasos com conteúdo de água ideal para o desenvolvimento das plantas, enquanto no tratamento –W os vasos foram mantidos com 50% do teor de umidade ideal. As avaliações foram realizadas em duas épocas, 0 (E1), e 75 (E2) dias após o início dos tratamentos. Foram feitas associações e correlações entre os resultados, a fim de identificar qual(is) o(s) melhor(es) atributo(s) a ser(em) incorporado(s) no processo de seleção precoce de genótipos tolerantes à deficiência hídrica. Esses atributos funcionam como descritores morfológicos e/ou fisiológicos para essa tolerância à escassez hídrica e foram utilizados para cálculo da distância... / Some places of Brasil, where the culture of sugarcane expands, are characterized by periods of water restriction, and it is the main limiting factor to development of the crop in this area, so to develop new germplasm tolerant to drought become necessary. Identify appropriate tools for selection and quantifiable characteristics can facilitate the process of crop breeding for drought tolerance. The probability of obtaining new cultivar occurs with the crossing of parents with favorable agronomic characteristics and maximum genetic distance between them, to increase the possibility of obtaining progenies with excellent heterotic potential. In the present project, the ability of some morpho-physiological parameters was evaluated to distinguish between tolerant and susceptible 10 sugarcane genotypes. The experiment was installed in greenhouse conditions in pots in the city of Botucatu (SP). At 60 days after planting the treatments without water deficit (+W) and with water deficit (-W) started. To treatment +W water was provided in sufficient quantity to maintain them with water content for optimal plant growth, while the treatment –W was maintained with 50% moisture content ideal. Evaluations were performed in two periods, 0 (E1), 75 (E2) days after starting treatment. Associations and correlations was made between the results in order to identify which(s) best(s) attribute(s) to be incorporated in the process of early selection of tolerant genotypes to water stress. These attributes could be used as morphological and/or physiological markers of drought tolerance and were used to calculate the genetic distance among these genotypes and subsequent grouping them with the Tocher optimization method. The morphological variables height of stem, number of green leaves, leaf area and stomatal density on the abaxial surface and physiological variables chlorophyll content via spectrophotometer, stomatal ...

Orientador: Antonio Evaldo Klar / Banca: João Carlos Cury Saad / Banca: Magali Ribeiro da Silva / Banca: Marcio da Silva Araújo / Banca: Geraldo Gonçalves dos Reis / Abstract: The aim of this work was to compare the final development of Pinus oocarpa Schiede seedlings using tree different underwater depth and with or without coverage fertilization. The research was done inside on a glass green house at the UNESP - College of Agronomical Science, Rural Engineering Department (Botucatu - SP - Brazil). Two trials were done to evaluate biomass, seedling height and diameter development. The first trial, using underground water on 17 cm, 31 cm and 45 cm depth, with or without coverage fertilization with N-P-K. The second trial was done with 28 flowerpots (12 liters each) and 3 seedlings per unit. The experimental design, used to evaluate the height and diameter growth and hydric potential and relative plant water content, was: 1- without water deficit and without coverage fertilization; 2- with water deficit and without coverage fertilization; 3- without water deficit and with coverage fertilization; 4- with water deficit and coverage fertilization. The underground water result showed that 31 cm and fertilization was better for seedling growing rather that 17 cm and without fertilization. The fertilized treatments showed higher plant high and diameter comparing to non fertilized samples, using Tukey test at 5%. For dry plant matter, the best results were obtained with 31 and 45 cm underground water level. The seedling root system dry mass was decrement along the soil profile. The treatment with underground water of 31 cm and fertilization was superior according to Tukey test at 5% of probability and the treatment with underground water of 17 cm and without fertilization was inferior for root dry mass (g). All the others treatment didn’t have statistical differences. It didn’t happen the irrigation effect on the plant high development; however the fertilized treatment had superior development compared to unfertilized samples. The relative water content didn’t change... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Doutor

Orientador: Marcelo de Almeida Silva / Banca: Mauricio Dutra Zanotto / Banca: Samira Domingues Carlin Cavallari / Resumo: Algumas regiões do Brasil, por onde a cultura da cana-de-açúcar se expande, caracterizam-se por apresentar períodos de forte restrição hídrica, e este é o principal fator limitante ao bom desenvolvimento da cultura nestas áreas, tornando-se assim necessário o desenvolvimento de novos germoplasmas tolerantes à restrição hídrica. Identificar ferramentas adequadas de seleção e características quantificáveis podem facilitar o processo de melhoramento da cultura para tolerância à seca. A maior probabilidade de obtenção de nova cultivar ocorre com o cruzamento de genitores com características agronômicas favoráveis e com máxima distância genética entre si, para aumentar a possibilidade de obtenção de indivíduos com excelente potencial heterótico. No presente projeto foi avaliada a habilidade de algumas características morfofisiológicas para distinguir entre tolerantes e susceptíveis 10 genótipos de cana-de-açúcar. O experimento foi desenvolvido em condição de casa de vegetação em vasos no município de Botucatu (SP). Aos 60 dias após o plantio foram iniciados os tratamentos sem deficiência hídrica (+W) e com deficiência hídrica (-W). Ao tratamento +W foi fornecido água em quantidade necessária para manter os vasos com conteúdo de água ideal para o desenvolvimento das plantas, enquanto no tratamento -W os vasos foram mantidos com 50% do teor de umidade ideal. As avaliações foram realizadas em duas épocas, 0 (E1), e 75 (E2) dias após o início dos tratamentos. Foram feitas associações e correlações entre os resultados, a fim de identificar qual(is) o(s) melhor(es) atributo(s) a ser(em) incorporado(s) no processo de seleção precoce de genótipos tolerantes à deficiência hídrica. Esses atributos funcionam como descritores morfológicos e/ou fisiológicos para essa tolerância à escassez hídrica e foram utilizados para cálculo da distância ... / Abstract: Some places of Brasil, where the culture of sugarcane expands, are characterized by periods of water restriction, and it is the main limiting factor to development of the crop in this area, so to develop new germplasm tolerant to drought become necessary. Identify appropriate tools for selection and quantifiable characteristics can facilitate the process of crop breeding for drought tolerance. The probability of obtaining new cultivar occurs with the crossing of parents with favorable agronomic characteristics and maximum genetic distance between them, to increase the possibility of obtaining progenies with excellent heterotic potential. In the present project, the ability of some morpho-physiological parameters was evaluated to distinguish between tolerant and susceptible 10 sugarcane genotypes. The experiment was installed in greenhouse conditions in pots in the city of Botucatu (SP). At 60 days after planting the treatments without water deficit (+W) and with water deficit (-W) started. To treatment +W water was provided in sufficient quantity to maintain them with water content for optimal plant growth, while the treatment -W was maintained with 50% moisture content ideal. Evaluations were performed in two periods, 0 (E1), 75 (E2) days after starting treatment. Associations and correlations was made between the results in order to identify which(s) best(s) attribute(s) to be incorporated in the process of early selection of tolerant genotypes to water stress. These attributes could be used as morphological and/or physiological markers of drought tolerance and were used to calculate the genetic distance among these genotypes and subsequent grouping them with the Tocher optimization method. The morphological variables height of stem, number of green leaves, leaf area and stomatal density on the abaxial surface and physiological variables chlorophyll content via spectrophotometer, stomatal ... / Mestre

Orientador: Antonio Carlos Zuffo / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Civil, Arquitetura e Urbanismo / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-24T13:45:15Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 BarbarottoJunior_JorgeLuiz_M.pdf: 6489676 bytes, checksum: 5dbd642fb4544c432d9ff8dc34acf529 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014 / Resumo: Os estudos relacionados aos recursos hídricos têm se mostrado cada vez mais presentes nas instituições de pesquisas e órgãos afins devido à frequente possibilidade de escassez de água para os múltiplos usos nas bacias hidrográficas. Portanto, conhecer a disponibilidade hídrica de uma bacia é de grande importância para se determinar até que ponto os recursos hídricos desta podem ser usados para atender os diferentes usos, os quais variam com o tempo. Neste sentido, o objetivo desta pesquisa é analisar a disponibilidade hídrica atual e futura da bacia do rio Jundiaí por meio de simulações hidrológicas de cenários prováveis baseados em séries de precipitações históricas e suas respectivas séries de vazões simuladas, usando para isso o modelo SWAT. A metodologia do trabalho se subdividiu entre as etapas de elaboração da base cartográfica, obtenção e processamento de dados de precipitação, a preparação do SWAT envolvendo a análise de sensibilidade, calibração e validação, e por fim a simulação dos cenários no SWAT. Como resultados, constituiu-se uma base cartográfica com os seguintes mapas: mapa geral com limites da bacia, modelo digital de elevação, mapa de solos, uso da terra para 1984 e 2007. No processamento dos dados de precipitação 20 postos pluviométricos foram considerados consistidos e devido a cobertura temporal apenas 9 foram utilizados para a modelação no SWAT. Na preparação do SWAT todos os resultados avaliativos da calibração e validação foram considerados como "Bom" ou "Muito Bom" segundo a bibliografia utilizada, viabilizando o modelo para simulações. Quatro cenários foram executados e avaliados segundo a Q90, no primeiro cenário determinou-se a disponibilidade atual da bacia, no segundo as precipitações foram reduzidas conforme o período anterior a 1970, o terceiro aplicou uma redução drástica de 30% da precipitação e o quarto cenário executou uma redução contínua do período chuvoso para uma década. As vazões Q90 para os cenários foram respectivamente 4,56; 2,98; 2,22 e 4,93 m3/s. A bacia do Jundiaí situa-se entre às regiões metropolitanas de Campinas e São Paulo, evidenciando assim a importância de seu gerenciamento correto e a necessidade de expandir o conhecimento sobre seus recursos hídricos e seu comportamento hidrológico para fins de planejamentos futuros / Abstract: The related studies to water resources have been presented increasingly in research institutions and public agencies due to the frequent possibility of shortage of water for multiple uses in the watersheds. Therefore, it is very important to know the water availability to determine the extent to which these water resources can be used to support the different uses, which vary with the time. In this sense, the objective of this research was analyze the current and future water availability of the Jundiai river basin through hydrological simulations of likely scenarios based on historical rainfall series and their respective stream flow series, by using the SWAT model. The methodology of the work was subdivided between the stages of preparation of the cartographic base, obtaining and processing of the rainfall data, the SWAT model preparation involving sensitivity analysis, calibration and validation, and finally the simulation of scenarios in SWAT. As a result, a cartographic base was constituted with the following maps: general maps with the basin boundaries, digital elevation model map, soil map, land use for 1984 and 2007. In the rainfall data processing 20 rain gages were considered consisted, but only 9 were used in the SWAT modeling, because the temporal coverage conditions required. In the SWAT preparation all the evaluation results for the calibration and validation were considered as "Very Good" or "Good" according to the scientific papers used, enabling the model to the simulations. Four scenarios have been run and evaluated according to Q90. In the first scenario the current water availability to the basin was determined, in the second scenario the precipitation were reduced as the period before 1970, the third one applied 30% reduction in rainfall and the fourth scenario performed a continuous reduction in the wet season for a decade. The Q90 stream flow for the scenarios were respectively 4.56; 2.98; 2.22; 4.93 m3/s. The Jundiai basin is situated between the metropolitan regions of Campinas and São Paulo, evidencing the importance of a proper management and the need to expand the knowledge about their water resources and hydrological behavior for purposes to future planning / Mestrado / Recursos Hidricos, Energeticos e Ambientais / Mestre em Engenharia Civil