The study investigates youth perceptions of their relationships with adults in Ugu North a rural area in Southern Kwa-Zulu Natal. A review of literature revealed that limited research has been done in South Africa and other countries on the nature of relationships that exist between youth and adults in rural areas. From the available literature and the study it became clear that there is no comfortable relationship between youth and adults in Ugu North rural area. Research was conducted at a school and the participants were the learners. The researcher used availability sampling and systematic random sample to select participants. The researcher used two methods of data collection - focus group discussions and questionnaires for individual completion. The study revealed that there is no comfortable relationship between youth and adults in rural areas. By adults the research is referring to parents, teachers, possible caregivers and community members. Conclusions are drawn from the study and recommendations are made on how relationships between youth and adults in rural areas can be improved. / Thesis (M.Soc.Sc.)-University of Natal, Durban, 2004.

While the literature on the experiences of women in academe generaly, is growing, the experiences of women student mothers in post-secondary education are rarely explored. Given the increasing number of women students enroling in university and the fact that the student population is aging, there is a greater likelihood of these students being mothers. A study of these women is timely and crucial to understanding their needs and chalenges within the university. The purpose of the research was to examine the experiences of doctoral student mothers living at the intersection of studenthood and motherhood as it was expected that the demands from the family and university would create specific chalenges. The study delineates the women's understanding of and the degree to which they accepted the dominant North American ideology of intensive mothering and the ideology of the good student. Further, the study sought to ascertain whether the student mothers experienced contradiction between the two ideologies similar to that experienced by the women in Hay's (1996) study of employed and stay-at-home mothers. The study utilizes the concept of the public/private dichotomy and the notions of greedy institutions and competing urgencies in its framework. The design consisted of in-depth semi-structured interviews with seventeen mothers at various stages in their doctoral programme. The women range in age from thirty-three to forty-seven and have at least one child, under age of thirteen, living with them full-time. Findings noted that the women were able to articulate the dominant definitions of the good mother and the good student but, for the most part, they rejected them. They preferred to be balanced both as mothers and as students, although almost all of them insisted their children were their first priority. The women experienced a contradiction between the two ideologies and, using the concept of ideological work developed by Berger (1981), their experiences were explored. The women engaged in ideological work to support their alternative definitions of the good mother and the good student. When they were not as able to sustain their ideological work they tended to revert to the dominant definitions.

The thesis was designed to measure patterns of drug use among undergraduate college students and to examine possible relationships between drug use and six personality traits. An anonymous questionnaire was administered by participating Eta Sigma Gamma faculty advisers and student members to 1,552 undergraduate college students enrolled in introductory health education courses at 11 universities. The Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) and a chi-square analysis provided the means for evaluating the data.The Null hypotheses tested were: (1) drug use is independent of sex, age, race, religious affiliation, religiosity, residence, class, college major, and cumulative grade point average; and (2) drug use is independent of these six personality traits: purposelessness, anomie, insecurity, fatalistic thinking, and belief in intervention by God.The first Null hypothesis was rejected for all variables in that differences were statistically significant at the .05 level. The second Null hypothesis was rejected except for the personality trait of pessimism. All of the other personality scales indicated that the results were statistically significant at the .05 level.

The purpose of this study was to identify areas of job stress experienced by public school principals, and elements of the work environment and personal coping mechanisms used to alleviate that stress. Specifically, the study sought to identify sources of job stress as defined by role overload, role insufficiency, role ambiguity, role boundary, responsibility, and physical environment. It further sought to determine the relationship between elements of the work environment as defined by involvement, peer cohesion, supervisor support, autonomy, task orientation, work pressure, clarity, control, innovation and physical comfort and the stress experienced by principals. Finally, it sought to identify effective personal coping resources as defined by cognitive, social, emotional, spiritual/philosophical, or physical.The study population included 124 Indiana public school principals new in their assignments during the 1995-1996 school year. The subgroups of the population were: principals with no previous principalship experience and principals with prior principalship experiences. No other demographic data were included. Three standard instruments were used to gather data. The Occupational Roles Questionnaire (ORQ), a subtest of the Occupational Stress Inventory (OSI) developed by Osipow and Spokane in 1981, identified sources of stress. The Work Environment Scale (WES), developed by Moos in 1981, assessed the work element. The Coping Resources Inventory, developed by Hammer and Marting in 1987, identified personal coping resources effective with new principals.The study found that all principals experienced the greatest amount of stress from role overload and the least amount of stress from challenging physical conditions. However, the levels of stress experienced were not significantly above the level of stress identified by the normative population.The study also found that principals with no previous principalship experience utilized different elements of the work environment to reduce stress than did experienced principals. Non-experienced principals utilized supervisor support, task orientation, and innovation to relieve stress. Experienced principals reported reduced stress from involvement, peer cohesion, and physical comfort.Finally, the study found that principals with no previous principalship experience used different personal coping resources than did experienced principals. Non-experienced principals relieved stress through expression of emotion, cognition, spiritual/philosophical, and physical. Experienced principals reported no significant use of either spiritual/philosophical or physical coping resources. / Department of Educational Leadership

This thesis has compared a sample of married couples with a matched sample of cohabiting couples from the Ball State University area on the variables Affective Support, Mutual Knowledge, and Relationship Satisfaction.Reviewing the literature on marital adjustment, the American society and the family system, and heterosexual cohabitation, it was hypothesized that cohabitants would exhibit greater degrees of the three interpersonal variables under examination. The data, however, necessitated a rejection of the hypotheses; explanations for the findings are offered, as well as suggestions for further research.

From the introduction: Women in Dundee's history are often portrayed as different from women who lived elsewhere. Their ability to survive difficulty has been praised by some historians (see, for example, Gordon, 1991), while other historians have gone so far as to claim that they displayed masculine characteristics (see, for example, Walker, 1979). Oral evidence suggests that Dundee women seem to have had a much more developed level of gender and class consciousness than other women achieved. Some of these women expressed and used this understanding in their own working lives. For example, Bella Keyzer was a woman who fought, in the 1960s, to return to her wartime trade as a welder. In the late 1980s, Bella appeared in a number of television oral histories, in which she was often presented as a feminist, particularly since her critique of gender definitions of skill and wage rates fitted radical feminism so closely. Like others in Dundee, however she was keen to emphasise that her ideology was recognised as arising out of practical experiences, rather than from theoretical musings.

Humanistic geography specifies that development of the area should encompass the whole environment, the economical, physical, social and cultural environment. For economical reasons, development should be sustainable. For development to be sustainable thus communities should be developed so as to utilize the natural resources in a way that does not compromise the future. Youth in SA are faced with many challenges which in turn compromise sustainable development. It is thus urgent that the youth be developed so as to be economically active thus lifting the strain off the environment. The purpose of the study is to investigate the needs of the youth of Folweni Township, KZN in order for the attainment of sustainable environmental! community development. The study assumes that for sustainability, the youth should realize the challenges facing them and act on them. It realizes the benefits of youth development within their area, Folweni; in the country and at the international level. / Thesis (M.A.)-University of Durban-Westville, 2002.

Thesis (J.C.L.)--Catholic University of America, 1988. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 54-55).

Thesis (M.A.)--Baylor University, 2008. / Includes bibliographical references (p. 117-120).

Thesis--Auburn University, 2008. / Abstract. Vita. Includes bibliographical references (p. 104-108).