From November 30th, 1981 to May 28th, 1982 I was employed at the Conservation Laboratory of The Australian Museum. I also completed a contract for Australia Post, under Sue Walston's supervision, for two weeks in July 1982 and worked on two private projects at Conservation Art and Library Services, Leichhardt. During my time at The Australian Museum preparation for the opening of a major gallery, "The Abelam - a people of Papua New Guinea" was concluded. A large proportion of my work at the Museum was related to this event. The Australian Museum places a high priority on environmental monitoring of storage areas and one of my duties was to participate in this monitoring programme. Shortly before the opening of the new gallery, flooding was discovered in two showcases in the Aboriginal Gallery affecting some sixty artefacts. The entire conservation staff was involved in emergency procedures, removing the objects to a stabilising environment until further work could be carried out. As the work load occasioned by the Abelam Gallery eased, I was placed in charge of the followup work on the flood-damaged artefacts. The contract with Australia Post was to prepare moulded fibre-glass backings for a collection of Aboriginal bark paintings. This plus my work at Conservation Art and Library Services, a private conservation laboratory, have provided interesting perspectives on the differences between the public and private sectors. Overall, my experience over the last nine months has been quite diverse, encompassing preventive, remedial and cosmetic conservation, practical and administrative work.

Submitted by Claudia Rocha (claudia.rocha@udesc.br) on 2018-03-09T16:30:11Z No. of bitstreams: 1 PGCA16MA203.pdf: 927094 bytes, checksum: ed95c2a7a51b51406194ad3ba5a5d585 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-03-09T16:30:11Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 PGCA16MA203.pdf: 927094 bytes, checksum: ed95c2a7a51b51406194ad3ba5a5d585 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-07-04 / Capes / The Magellanic penguin (Spheniscus magellanicus), considered as Near Threatened by the International Union of Conservation of Nature (IUCN), is an annual visitor of Southern Brazil’s coastal waters during their natural austral winter migration. Due to growing anthropogenic threats, an increasing number of debilitated juvenile individuals is rescued in the coast of Santa Catarina and taken to rehabilitation centers to be clinically treated and evaluated for re-introduction. This constitutes an essential step for this species conservation, allowing rescued groups a safe return to their breeding colonies, in South Argentina. Biochemical analysis is an important tool to assist in the health evaluation and disease diagnostics of wild birds because the clinical signs in these animals are often inexpressive. A field manual compiled by Brazilian environmental and marine authorities in 2010 proposed standardizing the diagnostic methods applied in penguin rehabilitation facilities. These guidelines recommend plasma with heparin or ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA) for hematology and serum for biochemistry analysis. In this work we tested the viability of plasma for biochemistry analysis in an attempt to minimize blood sampling volume and material, favoring a faster recovery and maximizing resources. The samples of serum and 14 plasma with two anticoagulants, EDTA 3% and sodium heparin, were obtained from 34 rescued penguins considered for re-introduction evaluation at the Wild Animal Screening Center (CETAS) of Florianópolis. Fifteen biochemical analytes were determined at the laboratory of Clinical Pathology in the Agro-Veterinary Sciences Center of the University of the State of Santa Catarina (LPC-CAV-UDESC), namely: uric acid (ACU), albumin (ALB), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), cholesterol (CHOL), creatine kinase (CK), alkaline phosphatase (FA), gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT), glucose (GLU), globulins, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), total proteins (PT), triglycerides (TG), urea (UR) and free hemoglobin (HB). Hemolysis was assessed by two different methods; and sample values outside of referenced HB limits, proposed by either the reagent manufacturer or previous avian biochemistry studies, were excluded. Results showed that EDTA was less efficient than heparin in minimizing in-vitro hemolysis. Statistical differences between serum and plasma samples were fewer in heparinized samples. All mean values of heparinized plasma samples from healthy individuals fell within AZA (Association of Zoos and Aquariums) reference intervals, in contrast to serum and plasma with EDTA. As a conclusion, we verified that for the adopted methodology, despite some limitations in albumin and triglycerides measurement, heparinized plasma, unlike plasma/EDTA, is a reliable sample in determining most analytes evaluated in Magellanic penguins during rehabilitation / O pinguim-de-Magalhães (Spheniscus magellanicus), animal considerado como Quase Ameaçado pela União Internacional para Conservação da Natureza (IUCN), visita anualmente as águas costeiras do Sul do Brasil durante a sua migração natural de inverno. Devido às crescentes ameaças antropogênicas, tem aumentado o número de indivíduos juvenis debilitados que são resgatados na costa de Santa Catarina e levados para centros de reabilitação para serem clinicamente tratados e avaliados para soltura. Este pensa-se ser um importante passo na conservação desta espécie, permitindo aos grupos resgatados um retorno seguro às suas colónias de reprodução, no sul da Argentina. A bioquímica clinica é uma importante ferramenta no diagnóstico laboratorial para auxiliar na avaliação da saúde de aves selvagens, uma vez que os sinais clínicos nestes animais são muitas vezes pouco expressivos. Em 2010, as autoridades ambientais e marinhas brasileiras compilaram um manual de campo propondo a padronização dos métodos de diagnóstico a aplicar em centros de reabilitação de pinguins, com vista a melhorar o sucesso na sua reintrodução. Estas diretrizes recomendam o plasma com heparina ou ácido 10 etilenodiaminotetracético (EDTA) para a hematologia e o soro para a análise bioquímica. No presente trabalho pesquisou-se a viabilidade da utilização de plasma na análise bioquímica, no sentido de tentar minimizar o volume de sangue amostrado e material dispendido, favorecendo uma recuperação mais rápida e maximizando recursos. Recolheram-se amostras de soro e plasma com dois anticoagulantes, EDTA 3% e heparina de sódio, de 34 pinguins resgatados e em estágio de avaliação para reintrodução no Centro de Triagem de Animais Selvagens (CETAS) de Florianópolis. Os valores de 15 analitos bioquímicos foram determinados no laboratório de Patologia Clínica do Centro de Ciências Agroveterinárias da Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina (LPC-CAV-UDESC), nomeadamente: Ácido Úrico (ACU), Albumina (ALB), Alanina Aminotransferase (ALT), Aspartato Aminotransferase (AST), Colesterol (CHOL), Creatinaquinase (CK), Fosfatase Alcalina (FA), Gamma Glutamiltransferase (GGT), Glicose (GLU), Globulinas, Lactato Desidrogenase (LDH), Proteinas totais (PT), Triglicérides (TG), Ureia (UR), e hemoglobina livre (HB). A hemólise foi avaliada por dois métodos diferentes e excluíram-se os valores das amostras localizados fora dos limites de HB de referência propostos quer pelo fabricante do reagente ou por estudos anteriores sobre a influência da hemólise na bioquímica de aves. Os resultados mostraram que o EDTA foi menos eficiente do que a heparina na minimização da hemólise in vitro. Encontrou-se um menor número de diferenças significativas entre amostras de soro e plasma heparinizado. Todos os valores médios de indivíduos saudáveis medidos no plasma heparinizado situaram-se nos intervalos de referência da Associação de Zoológicos e Aquários (AZA), em contraste com o soro e 11 o plasma com EDTA. Como conclusão, verificou-se que, para a metodologia adotada, apesar de algumas limitações na medição de albumina e triglicérides, o plasma heparinizado, ao contrário do plasma com EDTA, é uma amostra confiável na determinação da maioria dos analitos avaliados em pinguins-de-Magalhães de reabilitação