The poet, dramatist, and scriptwriter Concha Méndez (1898-1986), like many of the women of the Spanish Generation of 27, has been forgotten by the scholars that have been working in this generation. Few articles analyze the work done by Concha Méndez, but there are still some of Méndez’s texts that are unknown and so many questions about her work that we already know. As far as we know Méndez was influenced by her generation’s colleagues, such as the poets Alberti and Lorca. We don’t know anything about the influence from her women colleagues. Concha Méndez was not only supported by her family, but she was condemned and rejected for being a woman who did not follow the social rules in those times in Spain. But she decided to be a poet and an independent woman. In order to pursue that, she had to suffer exile many times during her life. In her first exile Méndez met Maruja Mallo, a painter who was always breaking the socials rules and fighting for the liberation of women. Together they enjoyed an intellectual life and they contributed to enrich it and to destroy the image of woman as an obedient and submissive mother and wife. After that experience, she traveled to Argentina. She was in her second exile when she met Consuelo Berges, a writer. Berges offered her friendship to Méndez and also her influence in intellectual circles. Later, when Méndez had to suffer political exile after the Spanish Civil War, she reinforced her friendship with María Zambrano, a philosopher who also lived in exile and who was always there to advise her about her works and support her from the pain of many personal incidents. All these friendships are traces in her work. My thesis is going to study all these traces in order to better know Méndez’s works and also to expand the study of the women in the Generation of 27, which has been studied from a man’s perspective very well but still lacks study from a woman’s point of view.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-08-23T02:01:10Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 000460549-Texto+Completo-0.pdf: 570272 bytes, checksum: d1e45078091fc28d2aab55a0a643a618 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013 / The theoretical study concerning the Brazilian play-writing from the last decade is imposed as it contributes to the rescue of national memory and identity. Nonetheless, once we analyze the 20th century productions, we can observe the expressive number of men who write for the theater. Ever since early times, women's play-writing has been reduced due to the socially instituted condition of marginalization of the female figure. In general, it is compared to the writing of men, being, hence, analyzed in light of the canon of male domination. When tracking the drama production from the period in question, we can identify the work of some important writers, especially Consuelo de Castro. Her texts express the concern about the female's social condition in Brazil along different periods of the country's history. Thus, the playwright reveals the transformations suffered by women along the years. This dissertation has focus on the study of Consuelo de Castro, in at least three distinct moments of sir career, focusing the image of the woman represented in À flor da pele (1969), Louco Circo do Desejo (1983) e Only You (2001). / O estudo teórico acerca da dramaturgia brasileira das últimas décadas atribuise na medida em que contribui para o resgate da memória e da identidade nacional. Contudo, quando analisamos as produções do século XX, observamos o expressivo número de homens escrevendo para o teatro. Desde os tempos mais recuados, a dramaturgia produzida por mulheres é reduzida pela condição instituída socialmente de marginalização da figura feminina. Em geral, é comparada à escrita dos homens, sendo, pois, analisada a partir dos cânones de dominação masculina. Ao rastrear a produção dramatúrgica do período em questão, identificamos o trabalho de algumas importantes escritoras, destacando-se Consuelo de Castro. Seus textos expressam a preocupação relativa à condição social feminina no Brasil, em diferentes períodos da história do país. Assim, a dramaturga revela as transformações vividas pelas mulheres ao longo dos anos. Esta dissertação tem como foco o estudo da produção de Consuelo de Castro, em pelo menos três momentos distintos de sua carreira, focalizando a imagem da mulher representada em À flor da pele (1969), Louco Circo do Desejo (1983) e Only You (2001).

Made available in DSpace on 2015-04-14T13:39:14Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 460549.pdf: 570272 bytes, checksum: d1e45078091fc28d2aab55a0a643a618 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-03-19 / The theoretical study concerning the Brazilian play-writing from the last decade is imposed as it contributes to the rescue of national memory and identity. Nonetheless, once we analyze the 20th century productions, we can observe the expressive number of men who write for the theater. Ever since early times, women's play-writing has been reduced due to the socially instituted condition of marginalization of the female figure. In general, it is compared to the writing of men, being, hence, analyzed in light of the canon of male domination. When tracking the drama production from the period in question, we can identify the work of some important writers, especially Consuelo de Castro. Her texts express the concern about the female's social condition in Brazil along different periods of the country's history .Thus, the playwright reveals the transformations suffered by women along the years. This dissertation has focus on the study of Consuelo de Castro, in at least three distinct moments of sir career, focusing the image of the woman represented in ? flor da pele (1969), Louco Circo do Desejo (1983) e Only You (2001). / O estudo te?rico acerca da dramaturgia brasileira das ?ltimas d?cadas atribuise na medida em que contribui para o resgate da mem?ria e da identidade nacional. Contudo, quando analisamos as produ??es do s?culo XX, observamos o expressivo n?mero de homens escrevendo para o teatro. Desde os tempos mais recuados, a dramaturgia produzida por mulheres ? reduzida pela condi??o institu?da socialmente de marginaliza??o da figura feminina. Em geral, ? comparada ? escrita dos homens, sendo, pois, analisada a partir dos c?nones de domina??o masculina. Ao rastrear a produ??o dramat?rgica do per?odo em quest?o, identificamos o trabalho de algumas importantes escritoras, destacando-se Consuelo de Castro. Seus textos expressam a preocupa??o relativa ? condi??o social feminina no Brasil, em diferentes per?odos da hist?ria do pa?s. Assim, a dramaturga revela as transforma??es vividas pelas mulheres ao longo dos anos. Esta disserta??o tem como foco o estudo da produ??o de Consuelo de Castro, em pelo menos tr?s momentos distintos de sua carreira, focalizando a imagem da mulher representada em ? flor da pele (1969), Louco Circo do Desejo (1983) e Only You (2001).

Historically vilified, the vocalizing woman developed a stereotyped image with the emergence of the prima donna in eighteenth-century opera. By the nineteenth century, the prima donna became the focal point for socio-cultural polemics: women sought financial and social independence through a career on the operatic stage while society attempted to maintain through various means the socio-cultural stability now threatened by women's mobility. The prima donna represented both a positive ideal for women as well as a great threat to western patriarchy. A discourse emerged in which the symbol of female independence and success ”the prima donna" became the site of tactical control and containment. The prima donna stereotype, opera plot and music, and literature all presented the vilified image as a warning of the disaster awaiting women who overstepped the social boundaries established in the patriarchal image of ideal womanhood. Pauline Viardot confronted this attempt at containment by fulfilling society's expectations of her as a woman and simultaneously confounding its presentation of women opera stars. Viardot performed the role of social woman: she married young, she raised a family, she held a salon, and she engaged in other approved social activities. Madame Viardot's acceptance and fulfillment of the roles established for her by her contemporary society provided her a unique freedom within society in which she could maintain a career on the operatic stage without succumbing to the traditional detritus of the popular press, literature or social ostracizing. She crafted her own image rather than allow society to stigmatize or vilify her. Her success was chronicled in contemporary literature written by women who viewed prima donnas as spokespersons for the female plight. Much of this literature explores women's hopelessness and despair in the face of highly restrictive social codes. Prima donnas engaged in a very public career through which they established financial independence, professional success, and an identity literally shaped by their own voices. George Sand briefly explored the artist-woman's search for freedom and independence in her 1833 Lélia, but it was not until Sand met Pauline Viardot that she was able to create a heroine who could gain a respected position in society, enjoy lasting personal happiness, maintain social and financial independence, and who lived to enjoy the fruits of her labor. Consuelo stands as a permanent record of Viardot's impact on her contemporary society. Pauline Viardot successfully revised the image of the prima donna and that of women in the process. Viardot navigated the centuries-old tradition which demonized publicly vocalizing women and created a new image of the woman-artist. An accomplished actress among other things, Viardot successfully performed the roles of social woman, inspiration of a literary heroine, and prima donna. It is her successful negotiation of these roles which allowed her to carve out a unique position in her contemporary society, a position that allowed her to teach at the Paris Conservatory, support the careers of budding male musicians, garner the respect of royalty, publish and perform her own musical compositions, and live a long, fulfilling life. Letters addressed to Viardot, contemporary accounts by male musicians, and her immortalization in Sand's Consuelo all record the new image Viardot created: that of a respected member of society and operatic performer of great artistic and musical genius.