The aim of this thesis is to provide a comprehensive view on the issue of contactless payments in various forms, as well as capture the actual situation in the field of contactless payments. The first chapter is devoted to the emergence and development of payment cards as a forerunner of contactless cards. The second chapter characterizes contactless cards as a new payment product. Additionally it also includes a description of the technology, which is used for this kind of cards. Chapter also deals with the arrival of contactless cards to Czech Republic and Slovakia. The topic of third chapter is Near Field Communication, special technology, which is used for contactless payments and also for the other forms of contactless payments, such as mobile payments. The fourth chapter talks about mobile services that are actually used for mobile payments. These services are not available in our region yet, but we expect their further expansion into European countries in the future. Finally, the last chapter includes an analysis of data, where we used statistical data of contactless payments in Slovakia and Czech Republic. The aim was to outline the development of contactless payments in individual quarters in both countries separately and to compare the data of contactless cards and payments in these countries.

L'acronyme anglais RFID « Radio Frequency Identification » désigne en français l'identification par radiofréquence, une technologie qui permet d'identifier et de localiser sans contact des objets ou des personnes grâce à une micro-puce qui dialogue par ondes radio avec un lecteur, sur des distances allant de quelques centimètres à une dizaine de mètres. Déjà présente dans notre quotidien, via les cartes d'accès à certains bâtiments notamment, la RFID est appelée à se développer de manière exponentielle dans les années à venir pour concrétiser à terme le futur Internet des objets.À l'instar de toute innovation technologique, la RFID nécessite un environnement juridique pour pouvoir s'épanouir à la fois économiquement et socialement. C'est pourquoi la présente étude se propose d'exposer les diverses problématiques juridiques afférentes à la RFID. Pour assurer le succès d'une technologie émergente, il est nécessaire que les individus aient confiance en elle, sans quoi le marché ne pourra pas démarrer. Afin de générer cette confiance, la sécurité est primordiale, avant tout d'un point de vue technique mais également sur le plan juridique.L'objectif de cette thèse sera d'étudier le cadre juridique applicable à la technologie RFID, à la fois du point de vue de son contenant, le système, et de son contenu, les données. Quels sont les défis juridiques soulevés par cette technologie ? Existe-t-il des textes applicables à la RFID, et quels sont-ils ? Comment le juriste intègre-t-il cette technologie émergente au cadre juridique existant ? La réflexion est menée afin d'apprécier la nature des rapports entretenus entre la RFID et le droit, et leur éventuelle perfectibilité. / The acronym RFID stands for Radio Frequency Identification, a wireless technology that provides the ability to automatically identify and locate tags attached to objects, as well as the person who is actually carrying them. The technology relies on storing and retrieving data, through radio waves by using devices called RFID tags. Those tags are already prevalent in our everyday lives to grant building access control for example. And this is only the beginning, as RFID technology is expected to be one of the main brick of the Internet of things. Like any other new technology, RFID needs a suitable legal framework to get benefits to both consumers and businesses. This work is thus intended to bring up RFID from a legal perspective. Indeed, one of the new technology key successes lies on the way the consumers will grasp it. When looking for economic profits, it is then essential to focus on public perception and consumer confidence related to this technology. And this would not come along without security concern which represents actually the main challenge to face, most of all from a technical perspective, but also from a legal one.For this reason, the proposed work aims at exposing the legal framework which could be applied both to its container (the RFID system) and its content (the RFID data). It is worth analysing the way the legal practitioner can deal with this technology and all its related issues. Are there any specifics legislations on this subject? And if so, what are they? A critical assessment is undertaken to appreciate the substance of the relationships existing between RFID and law, and potential improvement that come along.