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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Adoption levels of integrated pest management among corn producers in West Virginia

Vommi, Hari K. January 2009 (has links)
Thesis (M.S.)--West Virginia University, 2009. / Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains viii, 89 p. : col. ill. Vita. Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (p. 63-64).
2

CONTROLE DE Spodoptera frugiperda (LEPIDOPTERA:NOCTUIDAE) (J.E.SMITH,1917) COM O EXTRATO ETANÓLICO DE Asclepias curassavica L. / Control of Spodoptera frugiperda(LEPIDOPTERA: NOCTUIDAE) (J.E.SMITH, 1917) BY THE ETHANOLIC EXTRACT OF Asclepias curassavica L.

Leão, Renato Marcos de 20 February 2018 (has links)
Submitted by Michele Mologni (mologni@unoeste.br) on 2018-07-27T12:29:47Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Renato Marcos de Leão.pdf: 1271849 bytes, checksum: a89943d84d38997ef1167837ead53ae6 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-07-27T12:29:47Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Renato Marcos de Leão.pdf: 1271849 bytes, checksum: a89943d84d38997ef1167837ead53ae6 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-02-20 / The A. curassavica plant is characterized as a toxic plant for vertebrates, and little is known about its effect on invertebrates, such as insects. Thus, a study was conducted to verify the action of A. curassavica on S. frugiperda. The plants were collected, dried and ground, and the raw ethanolic extract was made from the powder. This was added to the diet offered to caterpillars in two trials, one at concentrations of 1%, 2% and 4%; and another at concentrations of 0.05%, 0.1% and 0.5%. The parameters evaluated were: mortality; food consumption; weight of larvae and pupae; fertility (number of eggs and% of hatching). Two trials (one with second instar caterpillars and one with fifth instar caterpillars) of topical applications of the extract at concentrations of 1%, 2%, 4% and 6% were conducted to verify contact action through mortality after treatment. The experiments were performed with and without a choice, using corn leaf disks immersed in ethanolic extract at concentrations of 1%, 2% and 4%, where food intake (g) and preference index were evaluated. A trial was conducted evaluating total polyphenols and flavonoids in extract A. curassavica in order to verify the presence and measure them. The extract of A. curassavica added to the artificial diet, caused mortality of S. frugiperda in all concentrations, with 1%, 2% and 4% showing 100% mortality, and also 0.5% with 98% mortality. The prolongation of the larval period was evidenced in the treatments 0.1% and 0.5%, in 1.29 and 10.75 days respectively, in relation to the control. There was a reduction of larval weight in treatments 0.05%, 0.5%, 1%, 2% and 4% in 15%, 77%, 17%, 97% and 100%, respectively. On the pupal weight, the weight of the pupae in the treatments was 0.05%, 0.1% and 0.5% in 10%, 22% and 54% respectively; already in the weight of the female pupae, there was reduction with the treatment 0.1% in 9.5%. Food consumption was reduced in treatments 0.5%, 1%, 2% and 4% in 22%, 40%, 47% and 57%, respectively. The excreted faeces weight in the treatments 0.1%, 1%, 2% and 4% was 0.730g, 0.002g, 0g and 0g, respectively. At no concentration interference was observed in the number of postures, number of eggs and percentage of hatching. On topical application in the second instar caterpillars, contact action was verified in all concentrations, standing out the 6% treatment that caused 100% mortality after 72 hours of application. However, in the trial with fifth instar caterpillars, there was no contact action in the treatments used. In the tests with and without chance of choice, there was difference in food consumption in all concentrations, especially the reduction in treatment 4%. All treatments were classified as phagdeterrents, and the 4% treatment was less preferred. It was verified the presence of total polyphenois and flavonoids in the extract, presenting 58.75 ug / ml and 150.1 ug / ml, respectively. The extract of A. curassavica should be tested in the field at the concentration of 0.5%, because in this concentration causes high mortality (98%) with the lowest amount of input. / A planta A. curassavica é caracterizada como planta tóxica para vertebrados, e pouco se sabe sobre seu efeito em invertebrados, como insetos. Dessa forma, foi conduzido um estudo para verificar a ação de A. curassavica sobre S. frugiperda. As plantas foram coletadas, secas e moídas, e a partir do pó foi confeccionado o extrato etanólico bruto. Este foi adicionado à dieta oferecida as lagartas, em dois ensaios, um nas concentrações de 1%, 2% e 4%; e outro nas concentrações de 0,05%, 0,1% e 0,5%. Os parâmetros avaliados foram: mortalidade; consumo alimentar; peso de larvas e pupas; fertilidade (nº de ovos e % de eclosão). Dois ensaios (um com lagartas de segundo instar e outro com lagartas de quinto instar) de aplicações tópicas do extrato nas concentrações de 1%, 2%, 4% e 6%, foram conduzidos para verificar a ação de contato através da mortalidade após o tratamento. Foram realizados testes com e sem chance de escolha, utilizando discos foliares de milho imersos sob extrato etanólico nas concentrações de 1%, 2% e 4%, onde avaliaram-se: consumo alimentar (g) e índice de preferência. Foi conduzido ensaio avaliando polifenóis totais e flavonoides no extrato A. curassavica a fim verificar a presença e mensurá-los. O extrato de A. curassavica adicionado a dieta artificial, provocou mortalidade de S. frugiperda em todas concentrações, destacando-se 1%, 2% e 4% apresentaram 100% de mortalidade, e também 0,5% com 98% de mortalidade. O prolongamento do período larval foi evidenciado nos tratamentos 0,1% e 0,5%, em 1,29 e 10,75 dias respectivamente, em relação a testemunha. Houve redução do peso larval nos tratamentos 0,05%, 0,5%, 1%, 2% e 4% em 15%, 77%, 17%, 97% e 100%, respectivamente. Sobre o peso pupal, houve redução do peso das pupas machos nos tratamentos 0,05%, 0,1% e 0,5% em 10%, 22% e 54% respectivamente; já no peso das pupas femêas, houve redução com o tratamento 0,1% em 9,5%. O consumo alimentar foi reduzido nos tratamentos 0,5%, 1%, 2% e 4% em 22%, 40%, 47% e 57%, respetivamente. O peso das fezes excretadas nos tratamentos 0,1%, 1%, 2% e 4% foi de 0,730g, 0,002g, 0g e 0g, respectivamente. Em nenhuma concentração foi verificada interferência no número de posturas, número de ovos e porcentagem de eclosão. Sobre aplicação tópica nas lagartas de segundo instar, foi verificada ação de contato em todas concentrações, destacando-se o tratamento 6% que provocou 100% de mortalidade após 72 horas da aplicação. Porém, no ensaio com lagartas de quinto instar, não se verificou a ação de contato nos tratamentos utilizados. Nos testes com e sem chance de escolha, houve diferença no consumo alimentar em todas concentrações, destacando-se a redução no tratamento 4%. Todos tratamentos foram classificados como fagodeterrentes, e o tratamento 4% obteve a menor preferência. Foi verificada a presença de pólifenois totais e flavonoides no extrato, apresentando 58,75 ug/ml e 150,1 ug/ml, respectivamente. O extrato de A. curassavica deverá ser experimentado a campo na concentração de 0,5%, pois nessa concentração causa alta mortalidade (98%) com a menor quantidade de insumo.

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