Recently, the difficulty of placing multiple antennas onto a mobile terminal to exploit more diversity has been solved by using the cooperative communication technique, in which several relay nodes with a single antenna partner with each other to serve as virtual multiple antennas for providing the spatial diversity. Many existing researches in cooperative communication focuses on designing relay strategies to achieve better communication performance. However, most of their designs require the channel state information (CSI) being perfectly known. Unfortunately, CSI is generally unknown in practice. Therefore, before getting benefits brought by the relay-assisted network, it is necessary to obtain accurate channel state information (CSI) at the destination or relays. In this thesis, we also consider the training design for channel estimation in the AF relay network. The involvement of multiple relay nodes to exploit space diversity in cooperative communications requires sophisticated and complicated protocols, which poses a difficulty in avoiding all possible misbehaving relay nodes. Therefore, the channel estimation scheme in cooperative communication network needs to be robust against the possible relay misbehaviors. However, most prior works focused on developing channel estimation schemes by assuming perfect relayassisted communication protocol. By contrast, this work focuses on designing robust channel estimation schemes to combat the possible presence of the relay misbehaviors. Besides considering the robust design against relay misbehaviors, this work also considers more general channel model when designing the training sequence and channel estimation scheme. Specifically, in contrast to assume independent channels across relays, this thesis considers the correlated channels in both phases and the correlated noises in the first phase. Overall, the main problem of this work is to design robust channel estimation and training sequences against relay misbehaviors when the communication channels within the cooperative network are not restricted to be independent.

Fluid antenna systems (FAS) are an emerging technology that promises a signif icant diversity gain even in the smallest spaces. Motivated by the groundbreaking potentials of liquid antennas, researchers in the wireless communication community are investigating a novel antenna system where a single antenna can freely switch positions along a small linear space to pick the strongest received signal. However, the FAS positions do not necessarily follow the ever-existing rule separating them by at least half the radiation wavelength. Previous work in the literature param eterized the channels of the FAS ports simply enough to provide a single-integral expression of the probability of outage and various insights on the achievable perfor mance. Nevertheless, this channel model may not accurately capture the correlation between the ports, given by Jake’s model. This work builds on the state-of-the-art and accurately approximates the FAS channel while maintaining analytical tractabil ity. The approximation is performed in two stages. The first stage approximation considerably reduces the number of multi-fold integrals in the probability of outage expression, while the second stage approximation provides a single integral represen tation of the FAS probability of outage. Further, the performance of such innovative technology is investigated under a less-idealized correlation model. Numerical results validate our approximations of the FAS channel model and demonstrate a limited performance gain under realistic assumptions. Further, our work opens the door for future research to investigate scenarios in which the FAS provides a performance gain compared to the current multiple antennas solutions.

This report, presents an analytical framework for analyzing two-branch diversity systems for a Rayleigh fading channel. In many cases the fading received at both branches (i.e. a two-antenna element system) is correlated because of the proximity of the antenna elements to each other. It is also not uncommon for a diversity system to use antennas with different patterns or polarizations, this usually results in differences in average signal-to-noise ratios at both branches depending on which element is better matched to the signal environment. As will be shown, the performance of a diversity system depends greatly on the envelope correlation, average power imbalance and the combining scheme used on both branches. An analytical expression for the probability density function of the signal-to-noise ratio at the output of a two-branch maximal ratio and selection diversity system is developed in this report. The two branches are assumed to be Rayleigh fading, correlated, as well as of unequal signal-to-noise ratios. Measurements were made in Rayleigh fading channels and compared to the analytical results. The analytical cumulative distribution functions (derived using probability distributions) were found to be within 1 dB of the measured results (statistics obtained from time combining) for both maximal ratio and selection diversity attesting to the validity of the analytic results. Also developed in this report are the exact analytical average probabilities of symbol error for coherent BPSK and coherent QPSK before and after maximal ratio combining for this environment. The diversity gain for selection, maximal ratio, and equal gain combining for the 10% probability level is presented as a function of power imbalance and correlation between branches for a two-branch Rayleigh diversity system / Master of Science

Orientador: Michel Daoud Yacoub / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Eletrica e de Computação / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-07T10:47:15Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dias_UgoSilva_M.pdf: 1177515 bytes, checksum: fe2406aa04941e752532e2773393c0cd (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006 / Resumo: Esta dissertação analisa e valida, através de medidas de campo, estatísticas de ordem superior para canais com desvanecimento Weibull e Nakagarni-m. Considerando canais com desvanecimento Weibull, devido à ausência de um modelo físico, estatísticas conjuntas de duas variáveis Weibull correlacionadas foram obtidas em forma fechada e em função de parâmetros físicos bem conhecidos, se destacando as funções de autocorrelação e espectro de potência. Analisando canais com desvanecimento Nakagami-m, expressões simples e em forma fechada para as funções de autocorrelação e espectro de potência foram derivadas. Medidas de campo indoor e outdoor foram realizadas por meio de um sistema montado e configurado especialmente para investigar as estatísticas em estudo. Foram observados excelentes ajustes entre os dados teóricos e experimentais. Os resultados das medições validam as funções de autocorrelação e espectro de potência para envoltórias Weibull e Nakagarni-m / Abstract: This dissertation analyzes and validates, through field trials, higher order statistics for Weibull and Nakagarni-m fading channels. Conceming Weibull fading channels, due to the absence of a physical model related to such channels, joint statistics for two correlated Weibull variables were obtained in closed-form and in terms of well-known physical parameters, in particular the autocorrelation and power spectrum functions. Conceming Nakagarni-m fading channels, simple and closed-form expressions for autocorrelation and power spectrum functions were derived; Indoor and outdoor field trial measurements were conducted in order to investigate these statistics. The mobile reception equipment was especially assembled for this purpose. Excellent fits between analytical and empirical metrics were observed. The measurements results validate the autocorrelation and power spectrum functions of the Weibull and Nakagami-m fading channels / Mestrado / Telecomunicações e Telemática / Mestre em Engenharia Elétrica

Orientador: Michel Daoud Yacoub / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Eletrica e de Computação / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-06T06:51:34Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Costa_DanielBenevidesda_M.pdf: 1293492 bytes, checksum: 3aa8e540fd57db56b2ee4469c60307be (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006 / Resumo: Esta dissertação provê uma análise das estatísticas de ordem superior para canais de desvanecimento WeibuII e Nakagami-m. Considerando canais de desvanecimento WeibulI, devido à ausência de um modelo físico para tais canais, estatísticas conjuntas de duas variáveis WeibuII correlacionadas foram obtidas em forma fechada e em função de parâmetros físicos bem conhecidos. Outra estatística encontrada foi a taxa de cruzamento de nível e a duração média de desvanecimento usando diversidade com dois ramos para canais WeibuII correlacionados, desbalanceados e não-idênticos. Além disso, uma caracterização do comportamento do processo de fase e de sua derivada temporal para sinais WeibuII foi realizada. Analisando canais de desvanecimento Nakagami-m, uma expressão simples e em forma fechada para a taxa de cruzamento de fase generalizada foi obtida. Resultados de simulação completamente validaram a formulação proposta. Além disso, novas estatísticas em forma fechada para a envoltória, para as componentes em fase e em quadratura, para a fase e para suas respectivas derivadas temporais foram obtidas / Abstract: This dissertation provides an analysis of the higher order statistics for WeibuII and Nakagami-m fading channels. Conceming WeibuII fading channels, due to the absence of a fading model related of such channels, joint statistics for two correlated WeibuII variates were obtained in cIosed-form and in terms of welI-known physical parameters. Other statistics found were the levei crossing rate and the average fade duration for unbalanced, non-identical, correlated WeibuII channels operating over two branches of diversity. Furthermore, a characterization of the behaviour of the phase process and its time derivative for WeibuII signals was accomplish. Conceming Nakagami-m fading channeIs, a simple and cIosed-form expression for the generalized phase crossing rate was obtained. Results of simulation thoroughly validated the formulation proposed. Moreover, new cIosed-form statistics for the envelope, for the in-phase and quadrature components, for the phase and its respective time derivative were derived. / Mestrado / Telecomunicações e Telemática / Mestre em Engenharia Elétrica

La integración de tecnologías de ulta-wideband, radio-cognitiva y MIMO representa una herramienta podersoa para mejorar la eficiencia espectral de los sistemas de comunicación inalámbricos. En esta dirección, nuevas estrategias para el modelado de canales MIMO y su caracterización se hacen necesarias si se desea investigar cómo la frecuencia central y el acho de banda afectan el desempeño de los sistemas MIMO. Investigaciones preliminares han enfocado menos atención en cómo estos parámetros afectan las características del canal MIMO. Se presenta una caracterización del canal MIMO en función de la frecuencia, abondándose puntos de vista experimentales y teóricos. Los problemas indicados tratan cinco áreas principales: medidas, post-procesado de datos, generación sintética del canal, estadística multivariable para datos y modelado del canal. Se ha diseñado y validado un sistema de medida basado en un analizador vectorial de redes y se han ejecutado medidas entre 2 y 12 GHz en condiciones estáticas, tanto en línea de vista como no línea de vista. Se ha propuesto y validado un procedimiento confiable para post-procesado, generación sintética de canal y análisis experimental basado en medidas en el dominio de frecuencia. El procedimiento experimental se ha focalizado en matrices de transferencia del canal para casos no selectivos en frecuencia, estimándose además las matrices complejas de covarianza, aplicándose la factorización de Cholesky sobre ls CCM y obteniéndose finalmente matrices de coloreado del sistema. Se presenta un procedimiento de corrección para generación sintética del canal aplicado a casos MIMO de grandes dimensiones y cuando la CCM es indefinida. Este CP permite la factorización de Cholesky y de dichas CCM. Las características multivariables de los datos experimentales han sido investigadas, realizándose un test de normalidad compleja multivariable. / García Ariza, AP. (2009). Modelling and experimental analysis of frequency dependent MIMO channels [Tesis doctoral]. Universitat Politècnica de València. https://doi.org/10.4995/Thesis/10251/6563