Web applications store their data at the server. Despite several benefits, this design raises a serious problem because a bug or misconfiguration causing data loss or corruption can affect a large number of users. We describe the design of a generic recovery system for web applications. Our system tracks application requests and reuses undo logs already kept by databases to selectively recover from corrupting requests and their effects. The main challenge is to correlate requests across the multiple tiers of the application to determine the correct recovery actions. We explore using dependencies both within and across requests at three layers, (i.e., database, application, client) to help identify data corruption accurately. We evaluate our system using known bugs and misconfigurations in popular web applications, including Wordpress, Drupal and Gallery2. Our results show that our system enables recovery from data corruption without loss of critical data incurring little overhead while tracking requests.

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This thesis examines the factors that influence perceptions of judicial corruption. A statistical analysis using data from such sources as Transparency International, the World Bank, and Freedom House demonstrates that aspects of accountability (the ability to remove judges) and transparency (freedom of the press) are only weakly related to perceptions of judicial corruption. A systematic country comparison shows that the structure of the judicial system explains variations in perceived judicial corruption.

<p>This dissertation comprises of three essays in law and economics. The first chapter, a joint work with my advisor - Marjorie McElroy, examines the longly debated effect of the liberalized divorce laws in the United States on the divorce rates during 1956-1989. The first and the second chapter are a theoretical and an empirical paper on a cooperative game of bribery.</p> / Dissertation

This article discusses the corrupt official and entrepreneurs. When entrepreneurs want to operate in the market, they have to purchase license from the official. In two-stage model, the official can take different prices of different types of entrepreneurs, and commits to his demand. We get the optimal demands of the official and critical types of entrepreneurs. In the framework with the shadow economy, the official is forced to decrease his demands. By examining the optimal demands and critical types, we found that the official¡¦s benefits decrease in the shadow economy.

The good discipline of the police is not only the foundation of the quality of their work, but also the key to people¡¦s trust on them. Therefore, it¡¦s to studied and discussed that how to strengthen the supervision function of the ethics organizations in the police institutions, and that how to improve its work to achieve the expected goal of anti-corruption. This article is trying to use national and international theory and successful practical experiences of anti-corruption to discuss the positioning of the ethics organizations in the police institutions, the coordination and cooperation between the above organizations, and the functions and possible challenges of ethics organizations, with the example of Kaohsiung City Police Department. This study is theoretically based on the New Institutionalism, and uses the study methods of ¡§documentary analysis¡¨, ¡¨comparative analysis¡¨, and ¡¨in-depth discussion¡¨ to analyze and conclude the related official documents, the work of worldwide scholars and experts, periodicals, theses, and the primary source obtained by in-depth discussion. The results are as follow: 1. The authority and responsibility of the ethics organizations and the inspection departments in the police institutions still needs clarification in improving police discipline and investigation of the corruption. 2. The government ethics officials should improve their professional skills in their own jobs and to know the police¡¦s work better. 3. The ethics organizations should enhance communication and coordination continuously to combine the internal and the external forces to push their anti-corruption job. 4. While investigating, the government ethics officials do not have compulsory power; it may affect the execution of corruption investigation. 5. There are no Ethics Organizations in the affiliated institutions of the Police Department, which may affect the implementing of anti-corruption business. According to the findings of related researches, this article makes some concrete suggestions about how to promote the anti-corruption business of the ethics organizations in the police institutions. There are also some suggestions of policy-making. All of them can be used as references for the establishment of ethics organizations in other police institutions, and for the implementing of their business, too.

This research studies the degree of publicity made by Kaoshiung City Government and the anti-corruption condition caused by the degree of administrative transparency. This study also provides further understanding about present Kaoshiung City Government immediate online services, including people¡¦s requests and claims to Mayor¡¦s inbox and the anti-corruption advocated by the Department of Civil Service and Ethics: To explore how fast and how responses are made to citizens through Internet, and also to become the basis of anti-corruption index. To understand the expectations of civilians towards the overall government¡¦s publicity system. To establish a anti-corruption documentation system to provide sources of subsequent denotation of policy and knowledge transformation To design and suggest Kaoshiung¡¦s future anti-corruption policy, improve present file management and increase degree of publicity in order to achieve the goal of high quality and high efficiency To interview officials or others who involve with the administrative procedure, and provide concrete suggestions based on the content from the interview

Abstract There is always good performance in business for the first generation of today¡¦s entrepreneurs. These first generation entrepreneurs have much to contribute to the economy of Taiwan nowadays. However, illicit activities were committed unceasingly in the last five (5) years by some of the owners, such as diverting funds, making illegal deals in stocks, gaining illegal profit, faking financial reports, lending and borrowing illegally, failing in investment etc. As a result, firms failed to operate during financial crisis, hurting the rights and interests of investors. Furthermore, employees were laid off. These illicit activities were not the result of operation but were motivated by greed and other ulterior motives. This research shows that there are four common major problems in the enterprises of the present age. 1. Shortsightedness. 2. Lack of principle & ethic of management. 3. Lack of innovation. 4. Benefiting the self at the expense of others. Buddhist doctrines explore and solve problems based on cause-effect using psychology and mentality. This research recommends four methods based on the Buddhist doctrines to rectify the four major problems. 1. The Bodhisattva is afraid of cause and the ordinary is afraid of effect to overcome shortsightedness. 2. To obey the precepts and ethics to overcome the lack of principle & ethic of management. 3. To cultivate oneself according to the self-reflection Buddhist doctrines to overcome the lack of innovation. 4. To operate with compassion and kindness to others to overcome benefiting the self at the expense of others. The aim is to apply Buddhist doctrines in this research, rectify the corruption of enterprises of the present age, and assist them to be successful businesses. Moreover, it could help them to be excellent and prosperous businesses. In addition, companies can learn how to avoid failure. Business failure is not shameful; it is only a process in any venture. It is encouraging when a firm rebuild again from failures. According to the findings of this research, it is correct to fulfill the Buddhist doctrines to rectify business corruption of the present age.

Th. doct.--Göteborg--Göteborgs universitet, 2002. / Bibliogr. p. 415.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Texas at Austin, 2000. / Vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 163-177). Available also in a digital version from Dissertation Abstracts.