Lenka Soukupová, Zvětrávání arsenopyritu v lesních půdách v acidifikovaném prostředí SUMMARY The weathering of arsenopyrite (FeAsS) has been studied at the experimental site Načetín in the Ore Mountains, Czech Republic. There were chosen three areas with different vegetation (beech, spruce a unforested areas) at this site. The arsenopyrite samples were placed in all soil horizons (litter, horizons A, B and C for forest areas; horizons A, B and C for unforested area), where they were exposed to ambient conditions for one year. After one-year weathering, the newly formed secondary minerals were identified and the rate of surface oxidation was determined, both depending on the environment of oxidation. Although physical-chemical parameters and content of main and trace elements of the studied soils varied, the only detected crystalline secondary mineral of arsenic was scorodite (FeAsO4∙2H2O). Nevertheless, this differences affected amount of formed scorodite. The highest concentrations were determined on the surface of the arsenopyrite grains that oxidized in the beech stand, conversely the lowest concentrations were determined on the arsenopyrite grains from the unforested area.

京都大学 / 0048 / 新制・課程博士 / 博士(地球環境学) / 甲第22678号 / 地環博第199号 / 新制||地環||39(附属図書館) / 京都大学大学院地球環境学舎地球環境学専攻 / (主査)教授 勝見 武, 教授 三村 衛, 准教授 高井 敦史 / 学位規則第4条第1項該当 / Doctor of Global Environmental Studies / Kyoto University / DFAM

Submitted by Claudia Rocha (claudia.rocha@udesc.br) on 2018-03-08T15:58:46Z No. of bitstreams: 1 PGCS17MA167.pdf: 1869193 bytes, checksum: d607c94be1d50fbf1dc0c4b56500c279 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-03-08T15:58:46Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 PGCS17MA167.pdf: 1869193 bytes, checksum: d607c94be1d50fbf1dc0c4b56500c279 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-02-20 / Capes / In agricultural production systems soil degradation by water erosion is one of the main causes of environmental contamination, whose erosion is strongly influenced by slope length, among other factors. The objective of this work was to quantify the losses of soil (PS) and water (PA), in different slope lengths, in a field experiment, cultivated in a no-tillage system under natural rainfall condition, Lages, SC. The treatments, with two replications, consisted of slope lengths of 11, 22, 33 and 44 m, at an average slope of 8%. Erosion was evaluated during the growing season of the consortium with black oats, turnip and common vetch between july and november 2015, between november and february 2015/2016 with single black bean, and between march and july 2016 with single black oats , in individual events of 49 erosive rains. Water erosion increased with increasing slope length, in the range between 11 and 44 m, establishing a potential relationship between the variables. Soil losses decreased from the first crop shortly after the implantation of the no-tillage, from this to the second crop and from this crop to the third crop. Soil losses were linearly and positively related to rainfall erosivity and water losses, while water losses were related in the same manner to slope length and rainfall height in the growing condition of the soil. Soil in the form of no-tilla / Nos sistemas de produção agrícola a degradação do solo por erosão hídrica é uma das principais causas de contaminação ambiental, cuja erosão é fortemente influenciada pelo comprimento de declive, dentre outros fatores. Com este trabalho objetivou-se quantificar as perdas de solo (PS) e água (PA), em diferentes comprimentos de declive num Cambissolo Húmico Alumínico léptico, em experimento de campo, cultivado em sistema de semeadura direta, em condição de chuva natural, em Lages, SC. Os tratamentos, com duas repetições, constituíram-se nos comprimentos de declive de 11, 22, 33 e 44 m, em uma declividade média de 8%. Avaliou-se a erosão no período de cultivo do consórcio com aveia, nabo e ervilhaca entre julho e novembro de 2015, entre novembro de 2015 e fevereiro de 2016 com feijão preto solteiro e, de março a julho de 2016 com aveia preta solteira, em eventos individuais de 49 chuvas erosivas. A erosão hídrica aumentou com o aumento do comprimento de declive, no intervalo entre 11 m e 44 m, estabelecendo uma relação potencial entre as variáveis. As perdas de solo diminuiram do primeiro cultivo logo após a implantação da semeadura direta, deste para o segundo cultivo e, deste cultivo para o terceiro. As perdas de solo relacionaram-se linear e positivamente com a erosividade das chuvas e com as perdas de água, enquanto, as perdas de água relacionaram-se do mesmo modo com o comprimento de declive e com a altura de chuva em condição de cultivo do solo na forma de semeadura direta. As perdas de solo variaram menos do que as perdas de água, tanto entre os comprimentos de declive, quanto, entre os cultivos