Thesis (M.S.)--Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 1992. / Vita. Abstract. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 64-70). Also available via the Internet.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--UCLA, 2007. / Vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 330-341).

Thesis (M (Security studies))-University of Pretoria, 2005. / Includes bibliographical references.

Thesis (Ph. D. (History))--Rhodes University, 2006.

Made available in DSpace on 2015-04-13T12:17:35Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 DISSERTACAO MARCOS DA CUNHA.pdf: 1370950 bytes, checksum: beec871d9d42e08696437b19964285b1 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-04-28 / CAPES - Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / This dissertation deals with the use of geo tools in the field of surveillance and environmental protection in Manaus. Refers to the instruments related to the collection, sorting and data use in intelligent systems able to provide support for decision making in the systematic planning of actions for environmental protection. Thus, research aimed at general, a register georeferenced structure and analyze the spatial distribution of environmental crimes and violations occurring in the urban area of Manaus in the period 2003 to 2007, to support the definition of public policies to control and environmental control in urban area of the municipality. Its specific objectives were structuring a register of georeferenced environmental crimes and violations in the urban zone of Manaus-Am, based on data from the Municipal Secretary of Environment (Semmes) and the Center for Integrated Operations Security (CIOPS) Department of State Public Security of the Amazon (SESEG-AM), study and analyze the spatial distribution of environmental crimes and violations in the areas of administrative Manaus through techniques of geographic information system to support actions in the planning and operations of the police bodies responsible for command and control environment. This work was developed using data obtained in CIOPS (Integrated Center for Security Operations) and the Semmes (Municipal Secretariat of Environment). The results were expressed in statistical work data, representing the aggregate occurrences around the categories under the Law No. 9605/98. The information concerning the database of CIOPS were based on determining the geographic coordinates (lat/long), and data on calls to the emergency number 190, generating a systematic and consistent set of data into the GIS for analysis required . From these data, it is the preparation of maps to make space for the events recorded environmental violations and crimes. The use of georeferenced data for the mapping was based on the criterion of administrative zoning of the city of Manaus, with stratification by type and seasonality. From the preparation of maps, using the techniques of criminal analysis to the problem object of research, it was possible to identify the occurrence of violations and environmental crimes, higher concentrations of these events and spatiotemporal location. The results showed that such events, since spatially visualizadas, highlight priority areas to be considered by the strategic and operational planning. This study demonstrates the importance and the need for a database structured and shared, geo-based tools that allow to implement environmental policy based on the integrated action of bodies responsible for monitoring, control and e protection of the environment. The results show that the link between technology and information systems, coupled with new opportunities for tracking and positioning, such as satellites and GPS devices makes it possible to develop tools for analysis and interpretation of environmental crimes and violations. With the mapping of events, the display allows more detailed spatial data to benefit the decision-making, strengthening the capacity fiscalizatória of control and environmental protection, presenting as a tool that should be incorporated into the integration process of all institutions that shall carry out the environmental policies in Manaus. / Esta dissertação trata do emprego das ferramentas geotecnológicas no campo da fiscalização e proteção ambiental em Manaus. Toma como referência os instrumentos relacionados à captação, ordenação e uso de dados em sistemas inteligentes capazes de fornecer subsídios para a tomada de decisões no planejamento de ações sistemáticas de proteção ambiental. Para tanto, a pesquisa teve como objetivo geral, estruturar um cadastro georreferenciado e analisar a distribuição espacial dos crimes e infrações ambientais ocorridos na zona urbana de Manaus no período de 2003 a 2007, visando subsidiar a definição de políticas públicas de comando e controle ambiental na zona urbana do município. Seus objetivos específicos foram estruturar um cadastro georreferenciado dos crimes e infrações ambientais na zona urbana do município de Manaus-Am, com base nos dados da Secretaria Municipal de Meio Ambiente (SEMMA) e do Centro Integrado de Operações de Segurança (CIOPS) da Secretaria de Estado da Segurança Pública do Amazonas (SESEG-AM); estudar e analisar a distribuição espacial dos crimes e infrações ambientais segundo as zonas administrativa de Manaus por meio de técnicas de sistema de informações geográficas para subsidiar o planejamento nas ações e/ou operações policiais dos órgãos responsáveis pelo comando e controle ambiental. Este trabalho foi desenvolvido por meio de dados obtidos no CIOPS (Centro Integrado de Operações de Segurança) e na SEMMA (Secretaria Municipal de Meio Ambiente). Os resultados foram expressos em dados trabalhados estatisticamente, representando as ocorrências agregadas em torno das categorias de acordo com a Lei nº 9.605/98. As informações, concernentes ao banco de dados do CIOPS tiveram embasamento na determinação das coordenadas geográficas (lat/long), e em dados relativos às chamadas para o número emergencial 190, gerando um conjunto coerente e sistemático de dados incorporados ao SIG para as análises pretendidas. A partir desses dados, procedeu-se à elaboração dos mapas para apresentar espacialmente as ocorrências registradas de infrações e crimes ambientais. O emprego dos dados georreferenciados para o mapeamento teve por base o critério de zoneamento administrativo do município de Manaus, com a estratificação por natureza e sazonalidade. A partir da elaboração dos mapas, por meio das técnicas de análise criminal ao problema objeto da investigação, foi possível identificar a ocorrência de crimes e infrações ambientais, maiores concentrações desses eventos e localização espaço-temporal. Os resultados demonstraram que tais ocorrências, uma vez espacialmente visualizadas, evidenciam áreas prioritárias a serem consideradas pelo planejamento estratégico e operacional. Este estudo demonstra ainda a importância e a necessidade de um banco de dados estruturado e compartilhado, com base em ferramentas geotecnológicas que permitem programar a política ambiental com base na atuação integrada dos órgãos encarregados da fiscalização, controle e defesa do meio ambiente. Os resultados demonstram que a articulação entre as tecnologias e sistemas de informação, acopladas a novas possibilidades de monitoramento e posicionamento, como os satélites e aparelhos GPS tornam possível aprimorar instrumentos de análise e interpretação dos crimes e infrações ambientais. Com o mapeamento das ocorrências, a visualização espacial permite maior detalhamento dos dados para subsídio do processo decisório, reforçando a capacidade fiscalização, de controle e proteção ambiental, apresentando-se como uma ferramenta que deverá ser incorporada ao processo de integração de todas as instituições que devem efetivar as políticas ambientais em Manaus.

M.A. (Political Studies) / This dissertation investigates theoretical aspects of the mobilisational strategies of the African National Congress and its surrogate organisations within the context of the development of their strategic doctrine and utilises the townships of Port Alfred and Cradock as examples. The study focuses on the mechanisms utilised by the African National Congress to mobilise support for its programme during the period 1980-1988. This thesis argues that the activities and actions of the ANC which took place in certain select areas in the Eastern Cape Region of the Republic of South Africa can be correctly described as a People's War insurgency. It examines the concept of People's War within the context of revolutionary warfare or insurgency and identifies the essential characteristics of this doctrine. It then examines the development of the military doctrine of the African National Congress and traces the various strategic influences which have shaped ANC military thinking. It counterpoises the development of ANC People's War doctrines against the model of People's War as formulated by Mao and the Vietnamese theorists. The ANC's People's War doctrine is examined within the context of the various mobilisational, military and organisational mechanisms employed in the townships. These are in turn examined within the framework of the specific township examples selected in the Eastern Cape region. The military dimension of ANC People's War strategy is explained and the reasons for its failure examined. The counter-strategy of the RSA Government is also briefly examined. Conclusions about the changing face of ANC strategy are drawn in the final chapter and the various hypothesis propounded in this dissertation are concluded

Bibliography: leaves 120-126. / The perspective of this dissertation is one grounded in taking an option for the poor and the oppressed in the South African context. Ultimately, this perspective is a theological belief. The perspective is thus that of an explicit choice against apartheid and for social justice. This choice is made on the basis of a social analysis of the South African context. The attempt to write this dissertation from the perspective of the poor and the oppressed is unlikely to succeed completely. As a privileged white, the perspective of the author cannot be fully identified with that of the poor and the oppressed in South Africa. Nonetheless, the attempt is made to write this dissertation from a liberating perspective.

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