"Forensic document examination is the study of physical evidence and physical evidence cannot lie. Only its interpretation can err. Only the failure to find it, or to hear its true testimony can deprive it of its value."―Roy Huber This is a comprehensive update of Huber and Headrick's seminal work on handwriting examination. New coverage includes a review of forensic handwriting examination research, handwriting analysis training and proficiency, revised methods and procedures, an updated listing and clarification of terminology and electronic signatures, the analysis of digitized handwriting, and other related technological advances. The book includes updated photographs, several added illustrations, and advances in techniques based on the scientific research conducted in the area over the last 20 years. / https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu_books/1195/thumbnail.jpg

Case Studies in Corrections invites the reader to analyze hypothetical situations confronted by judges, probation officers, inmates, correctional officers, counselors, clerics, and administrators. Concise but thorough introductions to each section provide background for assessing the scenarios. Thought-provoking questions stimulate reflection about possible courses of action and the potential consequences of choices made. The Sixth Edition encourages an interactive approach—whether rethinking effective punishment, analyzing the role of the community in corrections, or addressing ethical and legal issues. Titles of related interest also available from Waveland Press: Haas-Alpert, The Dilemmas of Corrections: Multidisciplinary Perspectives, Fifth Edition (ISBN 9781577663980) and Quinn, Corrections: A Concise Introduction, Second Edition (ISBN 9781577662464). / https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu_books/1197/thumbnail.jpg

Justice, Crime, and Ethics, a leading textbook in criminal justice programs, examines ethical dilemmas pertaining to the administration of criminal justice and professional activities in the field. This eighth edition continues to deliver a broad scope of topics through focus on law enforcement, legal practice, sentencing, corrections, research, crime control policy, and philosophical issues. The book's robust coverage encompasses contentious issues such as capital punishment, prison corruption, the use of deception in police interrogation, and many more. New content includes new material on juvenile justice, corporate crime, and prosecutorial misconduct. Students of criminal justice, as well as instructors and professionals in the field, will continue to rely on this thorough, dependable resource on ethical decision-making in the criminal justice system.Essays are enhanced with case studies and exercises designed to stimulate critical and creative thinking regarding ethical issues in crime and justiceDiscussion questions and lists of key concepts focus students and help them to understand ethics in the context of the criminal justice systemNew chapters cover ethical issues related to juvenile justice and corporate misconduct, and chapters on police and prosecutor ethics have been extensively updatedA full suite of online ancillaries for instructors and students adds value to lectures and enriches the learning experience / https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu_books/1202/thumbnail.jpg

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The results of a survey of Tennessee legislators, prosecutors, and public defenders were compared to the results of a general citizen survey to analyze attitudes toward capital punishment in the two groups. The study is a replication of McGarrell and Sandys's study of Indiana legislators, which found some degree of pluralistic ignorance: both legislators and citizens had misperceptions of the other's attitudes. Results suggested that, similar to their Indiana counterparts, Tennessee legislators overestimate the degree of citizen support for the death penalty.

Sources of probation and parole officer professional orientation (attitudes toward offenders and toward interaction with offenders) were analyzed using a recently developed instrument: the Klofas-Toch measure. A review of the literature suggested that certain individual-characteristic and organizational-condition variables might be considered as determinants of orientation. Although regression analysis showed that little of the variation was explained, participation in decisionmaking appeared to be an important determinant of officer orientation, and officers were high on rehabilitation orientation and low on punishment.

Few studies exist indicating how correctional personnel perceive the seriousness of prison violence. This study surveyed sixty-six correctional employees regarding their perceptions of the seriousness of prison violence, the need for outside police intervention, and the role of news reporting of prison violence incidents. The results supported the hypothesis that correctional employees perceived inmate-induced violence in which inmates were victims as less serious than violence directed against correctional staff.

In light of the increasing interest in research on correctional officers, data are presented concerning the validity, reliability, and factor structure of the Klofas-Toch professional orientation inventory of correctional officer attitudes toward inmates. This 17-item instrument was administered to a heterogeneous sample of southern correctional officers and to a heterogeneous sample of probation/parole officers. The same four factor structure emerged in the correctional officer data as has been reported by Klofas and Toch (1982); however, separate analyses showed differential factor ordering and loading for black and white officers. The factor structure that emerged in the probation officer data differed from the structure found in the correctional officer data. Finally, the professional orientation inventory, while found to be a valid and reliable measure, did not explain much of the variance in correctional officer job burnout.

Several forms of expert forensic science evaluations exist that rely at least in part on the subjective opinion of the examiner. Human hair identification is one such examination. This paper considers possible sources of influence or bias that may be responsible for examiner errors. Data are reported of an experiment that compares the conventional examination procedure (known versus questioned samples) against an alternative procedure (a lineup of samples) designed to limit the influence of factors that contribute to error. The altenative procedure produced fewer incorrect conclusions (3.8%) than the conventional procedure (30.4%).

Case studies have long been used to enhance the learning process for students in a variety of education and training disciplines. There are two basic types: The first type entails “actual” case studies that facilitate objective analyses and discussions of the implications for relevancy in a given situation (analytical). The second type examines hypothetical or actual cases that focus on the experiences of the learner (problem-solving). Such experience-oriented case studies may be approached in two ways: one in which a preferred or most correct problem solution is required; or a second, where there are no precise, clear-cut problem solutions for a given situation (experiential). Criminal justice, as an evolving behavioral science, typically relies on interdisciplinary case study approaches (e.g., psychology, social work, legal research, etc.). But these approaches have not shown adequate success for the criminal justice student/ practitioner because they do not apply course material and theory to practical situations. Experiential case study methods, particularly open-ended varieties, contribute important behavioral and attitudinal qualities to the criminal justice student/practitioner by providing realistic learning beyond the “war story” application. This model immerses the student/practitioner in practical problem situations while attending to the relevant theoretical aspects.