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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Simulating Crowd Evacuation by Cellular Automata Case Study in a Football Stadium / SimulaÃÃo de EvacuaÃÃo de MultidÃo por AutÃmato Celular - Estudo de Caso em um EstÃdio de Futebol

LÃlian de Oliveira Carneiro 26 March 2012 (has links)
CoordenaÃÃo de AperfeiÃoamento de Pessoal de NÃvel Superior / A evacuaÃÃo de locais aglomerados, sujeita a restriÃÃes fÃsicas e temporais, à uma questÃo que merece atenÃÃo especial. Se uma multidÃo falha ao escapar em tempo de um ambiente perigoso, por tomar um caminho errado ou por escolher uma saÃda ruim, hà um grande risco de lesÃes e morte. SimulaÃÃes de evacuaÃÃo de multidÃo sÃo muito importantes para tentar minimizar esses tipos de riscos. PorÃm, tentar simular situaÃÃes de emergÃncia em ambientes reais ou à muito caro ou mesmo impossÃvel. Portanto, a simulaÃÃo da evacuaÃÃo de multidÃo por computador à uma alternativa melhor. Os estÃdios de futebol sÃo exemplos de ambientes que podem apresentar risco para as vidas das pessoas no caso de uma evacuaÃÃo de emergÃncia. O objetivo principal deste trabalho à ganhar compreensÃo sobre os aspectos inerentes ao problema de simulaÃÃo de evacuaÃÃo de emergÃncia. Para isso, foi proposto um novo modelo para evacuaÃÃo de multidÃo baseado no modelo de autÃmatos celulares. A fim de avaliar o modelo proposto, testes em diferentes situaÃÃes foram realizados. Foi mostrado que o modelo proposto à capaz de simular a evacuaÃÃo em ambientes complexos de uma forma eficiente. / The evacuation from crowded places, subjected to physical and temporal restrictions, is a matter that deserves special attention. If a crowd fails to escape in time from a hazardous environment, by taking a wrong way or by selecting a bad exit, there is great risk of injuries and death. Simulations of crowd evacuation are very important to try to minimize those types of risk. However, trying to simulate emergency situations in real environments is either very expensive or even impossible. Therefore, computer simulation of crowd evacuation is a better alternative. The soccer stadiums are examples of environments that may present risk to people's lives in case of emergency evacuation. The main objective of this work is to gain understanding of the inherent aspects of the problem of emergency evacuation simulation, and to investigate the dynamics of the evacuation behavior of crowds during an emergency evacuation from a soccer stadium. For this, it was proposed a new model for crowd evacuation based on the cellular automata model. In order to validate the proposed model, tests in different situations were performed. It was shown that the proposed model is able to simulate the evacuation of complex environments in an efficient way.

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