Submitted by Jean Medeiros (jeanletras@uepb.edu.br) on 2017-02-16T18:12:51Z No. of bitstreams: 1 PDF - Bruna Regina dos Santos Silva.pdf: 4083927 bytes, checksum: f31770fedd1b2c616664828556da3d87 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Secta BC (secta.csu.bc@uepb.edu.br) on 2017-03-07T16:47:15Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 PDF - Bruna Regina dos Santos Silva.pdf: 4083927 bytes, checksum: f31770fedd1b2c616664828556da3d87 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-03-07T16:47:15Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 PDF - Bruna Regina dos Santos Silva.pdf: 4083927 bytes, checksum: f31770fedd1b2c616664828556da3d87 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-02-03 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / Red rice is practically unknown by most Brazilians, but in Paraíba as in other Northeastern states, it is highly cultivated and has great socioeconomic importance, cultivated mainly by small farmers. In agricultural activity, large quantities of cellulolytic materials are generated. This material is degraded by cellulolytic microorganisms, which hydrolyze and metabolise cellulose efficiently. There is a great commitment to the development of renewable alternatives to fossil fuels and one of these alternatives is second generation ethanol production, using enzymatic hydrolysis in vegetable biomass derivatives and subsequent fermentation. Microorganisms exhibit immense genetic diversity and play a variety of roles in maintaining ecosystems. One of these functions is the production of extracellular enzymes, which help in the degradation of organic matter. Cellulase is an enzyme that hydrolyzes cellulose by breaking the β-1,4 linkage. In the search for new non- cultured microorganisms, metagenomics appears as a tool that isolates DNA from environmental sources to identify enzymes with biotechnological potential. In this work, a gene encoding an endoglucanase was cloned from red rice culture residues using the metagenomic strategy. The amino acid identity between this gene and its nearest published congeners is less than 70%. The gene found has potential for use in the production of ethanol from cellulosic biomass (second generation ethanol). / O arroz vermelho é praticamente desconhecido pela maioria dos brasileiros, mas na Paraíba assim como em outros estados do Nordeste, é bastante cultivado por pequenos agricultores, apresentando uma grande importância socioeconômica. Na atividade agrícola, grandes quantidades de materiais celulolíticos são gerados. Esse material é degradado por microrganismos celulolíticos, que hidrolisam e metabolizam a celulose de forma eficiente. Existe um grande empenho para o desenvolvimento de alternativas renováveis aos combustíveis fósseis e uma dessas alternativas é a produção etanol de segunda geração, utilizando a hidrólise enzimática em derivados de biomassa vegetal e sua posterior fermentação. Os microrganismos apresentam uma imensa diversidade genética e desempenham vária funções na manutenção de ecossistemas. Uma dessas funções é a produção de enzimas extracelulares, que ajudam na degradação da matéria orgânica. A celulase é uma enzima que hidrolisa a celulose por meio da quebra da ligação β-1,4. Na busca por novos microrganismos não-cultivados, a metagenômica surge como uma ferramenta que isola o DNA a partir de fontes ambientais para identificar enzimas com potencial biotecnológico. Neste trabalho, um gene que codifica uma endoglucanase foi clonado a partir de resíduos de cultura do arroz vermelho utilizando a estratégia metagenômica. A identidade de aminoácidos entre este gene e os seus congêneres mais próximos publicado é inferior a 70%. O gene encontrado possui potencial para uso na produção de etanol a partir de biomassa celulósica (segunda etanol geração).

Syftet med denna uppsats var att undersöka om det är möjligt att förutse var de okända fångstgropar befinner sig i landskapet med hjälp av karaktärsdragen från de kända lämningarna. Målet med detta arbete är att identifiera och registrera okända fångstgropar för att skydda dem från att skadas av skogsbruket. Denna studie förhåller sig till ett undersökningsområde (kommunerna Karlskoga och Degerfors) men diskuterar även andra fångstgropar i Sverige. Under detta arbete har de kända fångstgroparna nyttjats på flera olika sätt; med hjälp av terrängskuggning granskades området vid fångstgroparna i syfte att se om det fanns ytterligare gropar i närheten samt att studera hur en grop kunde synas i terrängskuggningen. Sedan fältbesöktes de kända fångstgroparna för att kunna sammanställa deras karaktärsdrag och med hjälp av detta, samt tidigare forskning och kartanalyser kunde fem karaktärsdrag uppmärksammas. I slutändan upptäcktes åtta okända fångstgropar, varav tre är kvalitetssäkrade av Ulf Eriksson, arkeolog på Skogsstyrelsen och är/kommer bli registrerade i Kulturmiljöregistret. Uppsatsen diskuterar också det nuvarande kunskapsläget om fångstgropar till olika bytesdjur, samt jakt- och fångstmetoderna vargskall och varggård. Detta har dessvärre inte kunnat nå en slutsats då det fanns alldeles för många osäkra faktorer i tidigare forskning som påverkade uppsatsen negativt. / This paper aims to investigate whether it is possible to predict the location of the unknown pits in the landscape using the characteristics of the known remains. The goal of this work is to identify and register unknown pitfalls to protect them from being damaged by forestry. This study relates to an investigation area (the municipalities of Karlskoga and Degerfors) but also discusses other catch pits in Sweden. During this work, the known catch pits have been used in several different ways; with the help of terrain shading, the area at the trapping pits was examined to see if there were additional pits nearby and to study how a pit could be seen in the terrain shading. The known trapping pits were then visited in the field to be able to compile their characteristics. With the help of previous research and map analyses, five characteristics could be noticed. In the end, seven unknown trap pits were discovered, three of which are quality assured by Ulf Eriksson, archaeologist at the Swedish Forest Agency. The thesis also discusses the current state of knowledge about trapping pits for various prey animals, as well as the hunting and trapping methods wolf hunting and wolf enclosure. Unfortunately, this has not been able to reach a conclusion as too many uncertain factors in previous research affected the essay negatively.

The work investigates the relationship the Swedish indigenous people, the Sámi people, have towards their cultural remains in the Sámi cultural landscape. It is investigated through a qualitative-comparative literature studie which is primarily conducted through an analysis of four websites; two Sámi controlled websites and two swedish county administration controlled websites. The relationship the Sámi people have towards their ancient cultural remains can be seen through studies of their relationship towards graves and old settlement remains, (swe:kåtatomter) which reflects a relationship that is contested by factors such as the threat of exploitation of the Sámi cultural landscape, and by the challenges that comes with repatriation cases. The work emanates from a postcolonial perspective which can be seen throughout the entire work and which is primarily based on reconciliation as a concept within postcolonial theory