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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Production of bacterial cells from methane in non-aseptic continuous culture

Sheehan, Brian Talbot, January 1970 (has links)
Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Wisconsin--Madison, 1970. / Typescript. Vita. eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliographical references.
2

Microbial CR(VI) reduction in indigenous culture of bacteria: characterization and modelling

Meli, Kakonge C. 26 November 2009 (has links)
South Africa currently faces multiple Cr(VI) contamination problems which are unsuccessfully remediated using available technologies. Cr(VI) is highly toxic, carcinogenic and mutagenic in nature and it is exclusively released through anthropogenic activities. A new treatment approach is proposed using locally isolated Cr(VI) reducing species of bacteria. This method is envisioned to be economical and ecologically friendly. Indigenous chromium(VI) reducing bacteria (CRBs) were isolated from a dried sludge consortium collected in the Brits Wastewater Treatment Plant, North-West Province (South Africa). Characterisation using 16S rRNA fingerprinting followed by taxonomic studies revealed a wide diversity of CRBs isolated under anaerobic conditions than under aerobic conditions. The consortium was determined to be predominantly gram-positive. The Cr(VI) reducing component of the culture was determined to be predominantly facultative, consisting predominantly of Bacillus sp., i.e. B. cereus, B. thuringiensis and B. mycoides. Batch experiments under both aerobic and anaerobic conditions showed a high Cr(VI) reducing performance under relatively high initial Cr(VI) concentrations. The reduction rate using this culture was 3 to 8 times higher than reduction rates reported in bacteria previously isolated and studied in North America and Europe. The culture performed best as a consortium with the different species operating cooperatively. The bacteria were acclimated to Cr(VI) toxicity through the long period of contact during the activated sludge treatment process at the source. A Monod like model was used to evaluate the rate of Cr(VI) reduction over a wide range of initial Cr(VI) concentrations. The model revealed that Cr(VI) reduction in the consortium culture followed quasi-first order kinetics with a Cr(VI) inhibitor term as a second exponential: C = C0 . exp [-p . exp (-q . C0 ) . t]. The parameter p and q for the semi-empirical first order model were statistically accurate with R2 values greater than 94% for all data ranges evaluated. Previous studies were not able to pick the variability of Monod coefficients, kmc and Kc, since at narrow ranges of initial Cr(VI) concentrations, the impact of the chromium toxicity variability was insignificant. This study demonstrates the potential of a biological approach using locally isolated Cr(VI) reducing bacteria to decontaminate Cr(VI) polluted sites in South Africa. / Dissertation (MSc)--University of Pretoria, 2009. / Chemical Engineering / unrestricted
3

Recobrimento biomimético de HA dopado com \'AG\' sobre superfície de Ticp / Biomimetic coating of hydroxyapatite doped with Ag on surface Ticp

Vieira, Jonas de Oliveira 21 June 2013 (has links)
O titânio apesar de ser um material muito utilizado em implantes devido a suas excelentes propriedades físicas não apresenta características bioativas, dessa forma, faz-se necessário a utilização de métodos de modificação de superfície para melhorar sua resposta biológica favorecendo a formação óssea. A partir dos anos 90, foi desenvolvido um método químico, relativamente simples, para induzir a bioatividade desses materiais metálicos inertes, cujo princípio é imitar as condições biológicas para obtenção do material desejado, denominado de método biomimético. Ainda assim, existe a preocupação desse material não causar rejeição por parte do organismo, causando não só infecções, que leva o paciente ingerir grande quantidade de antibióticos, mas também aumentando o tempo de intemação e gasto de recursos em remédios. Uma maneira de prevenção e tratamento de infecções microbianas é mediante a utilização de sais de prata. Dessa maneira, o presente trabalho apresenta resultados de recobrimento bioativo (HA) sobre superfície de titânio comercialmente puro (Ticp) dopado com íons \'AG\' para efeito bactericida. O recobrimento consiste em 2 etapas, na etapa 1 - Com 3 condições superficiais distintas: 1 - superfície lixada com lixa de \'SI\'C\' #150; 2 - superfície lixada e posterior tratamento químico com \'NA\'OH\' 5M à 60°C/24h; 3 - idem a condição 2 com posterior tratamento térmico a 600°C/1h, os substratos foram imersos em uma solução de silicato de sódio (SS) para a fase de nucleação e a etapa 2 - reimersão desses substratos em solução sintética que simula o plasma sanguíneo (SBF) concentrado (1,5SBF) para a precipitação e crescimento da camada de apatita. Após a etapa de recobrimento os substratos foram imersos em soluções de \'AG\'N0 IND.3\' com concentrações de 20 ppm e 100 ppm à 37°C/48h. A caracterização antes e após o recobrimento foi feita mediante microscopia eletrônica de varredura (MEV), espectroscopia no infravermelho (IV), difração de raios X (DRX) e o efeito bactericida foi avaliado utilizando ensaio de cultura de bactérias - Teste de halo de inibição. Com os resultados obtidos constatou-se formação de uma camada de apatita em todos os tratamentos superficiais adotados, sendo urna camada mais homogênea para o tratamento T3. As amostras recobertas após os tratamentos superficiais T2 e T3 apresentaram efeito bactericida contra os dois tipos de bactérias a partir de 20 ppm de \'AG\' enquanto que a amostra com tratamento TI só foi possível observar esse mesmo comportamento para concentração de 100 ppm de \'AG\'. / Titanium despite being a material widely used in implants due to its excellent physical properties does not have bioactive characteristics, thus it is necessary to use methods of surface modification to improve its biological response favoring bone formation. From the 90s, we developed a chemical method, relatively simple to induce bioactivity of these inert metallic, whose principie is to mimic the biological conditions for obtaining the desired material, called biomimetic method. Still, there is concem that material does not cause rejection by the body, causing not only infections, which leads the patient to ingest large amounts of antibiotics, but also increasing the length of stay and spending resources on medicine. One way to prevent and treat microbial infections is by using silver salts. Thus, this paper presents results of bioactive coating (HA) on the surface of commercially pure titanium (Ticp) doped with \'AG\' ions for bactericidal effect. The coating consists of two steps, in step 1 - With three different surface conditions: a - surface sanded with sandpaper # 150 \'SI\'C\' 2 - sanded surface and subsequent chemical treatment with 5M \'NA\'OH\' at 60ºC/24h 3 - the same condition 2 with subsequent thermal treatment at 600ºC/1h, the substrates were immersed in a solution of sodium silicate (SS) to the nucleation stage and stage 2 - immersion in solution of these synthetic substrates which simulates the blood plasma (SBF) concentrated (1.5 SBF) for the precipitation and growth of apatite layer. After the step of coating the substrates were immersed in solutions of \'AG\'N\'O IND.3\' at concentrations of 20 ppm and 100 ppm at 37ºC/48h. The characterization before and after the coating was done by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), infrared (IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and the bactericidal effect was assessed using bacterial culture test - Test of inhibition zone. With the results obtained it was found formation of an apatite layer on all surface treatments adopted, being a homogeneous layer to T3. The coated samples after surface treatments T2 and T3 showed bactericidal effect against both types of bacteria from 20 ppm \'AG\' while the sample T1 was only possible to observe this behavior same concentration of 100 ppm \'AG\'.
4

Recobrimento biomimético de HA dopado com \'AG\' sobre superfície de Ticp / Biomimetic coating of hydroxyapatite doped with Ag on surface Ticp

Jonas de Oliveira Vieira 21 June 2013 (has links)
O titânio apesar de ser um material muito utilizado em implantes devido a suas excelentes propriedades físicas não apresenta características bioativas, dessa forma, faz-se necessário a utilização de métodos de modificação de superfície para melhorar sua resposta biológica favorecendo a formação óssea. A partir dos anos 90, foi desenvolvido um método químico, relativamente simples, para induzir a bioatividade desses materiais metálicos inertes, cujo princípio é imitar as condições biológicas para obtenção do material desejado, denominado de método biomimético. Ainda assim, existe a preocupação desse material não causar rejeição por parte do organismo, causando não só infecções, que leva o paciente ingerir grande quantidade de antibióticos, mas também aumentando o tempo de intemação e gasto de recursos em remédios. Uma maneira de prevenção e tratamento de infecções microbianas é mediante a utilização de sais de prata. Dessa maneira, o presente trabalho apresenta resultados de recobrimento bioativo (HA) sobre superfície de titânio comercialmente puro (Ticp) dopado com íons \'AG\' para efeito bactericida. O recobrimento consiste em 2 etapas, na etapa 1 - Com 3 condições superficiais distintas: 1 - superfície lixada com lixa de \'SI\'C\' #150; 2 - superfície lixada e posterior tratamento químico com \'NA\'OH\' 5M à 60°C/24h; 3 - idem a condição 2 com posterior tratamento térmico a 600°C/1h, os substratos foram imersos em uma solução de silicato de sódio (SS) para a fase de nucleação e a etapa 2 - reimersão desses substratos em solução sintética que simula o plasma sanguíneo (SBF) concentrado (1,5SBF) para a precipitação e crescimento da camada de apatita. Após a etapa de recobrimento os substratos foram imersos em soluções de \'AG\'N0 IND.3\' com concentrações de 20 ppm e 100 ppm à 37°C/48h. A caracterização antes e após o recobrimento foi feita mediante microscopia eletrônica de varredura (MEV), espectroscopia no infravermelho (IV), difração de raios X (DRX) e o efeito bactericida foi avaliado utilizando ensaio de cultura de bactérias - Teste de halo de inibição. Com os resultados obtidos constatou-se formação de uma camada de apatita em todos os tratamentos superficiais adotados, sendo urna camada mais homogênea para o tratamento T3. As amostras recobertas após os tratamentos superficiais T2 e T3 apresentaram efeito bactericida contra os dois tipos de bactérias a partir de 20 ppm de \'AG\' enquanto que a amostra com tratamento TI só foi possível observar esse mesmo comportamento para concentração de 100 ppm de \'AG\'. / Titanium despite being a material widely used in implants due to its excellent physical properties does not have bioactive characteristics, thus it is necessary to use methods of surface modification to improve its biological response favoring bone formation. From the 90s, we developed a chemical method, relatively simple to induce bioactivity of these inert metallic, whose principie is to mimic the biological conditions for obtaining the desired material, called biomimetic method. Still, there is concem that material does not cause rejection by the body, causing not only infections, which leads the patient to ingest large amounts of antibiotics, but also increasing the length of stay and spending resources on medicine. One way to prevent and treat microbial infections is by using silver salts. Thus, this paper presents results of bioactive coating (HA) on the surface of commercially pure titanium (Ticp) doped with \'AG\' ions for bactericidal effect. The coating consists of two steps, in step 1 - With three different surface conditions: a - surface sanded with sandpaper # 150 \'SI\'C\' 2 - sanded surface and subsequent chemical treatment with 5M \'NA\'OH\' at 60ºC/24h 3 - the same condition 2 with subsequent thermal treatment at 600ºC/1h, the substrates were immersed in a solution of sodium silicate (SS) to the nucleation stage and stage 2 - immersion in solution of these synthetic substrates which simulates the blood plasma (SBF) concentrated (1.5 SBF) for the precipitation and growth of apatite layer. After the step of coating the substrates were immersed in solutions of \'AG\'N\'O IND.3\' at concentrations of 20 ppm and 100 ppm at 37ºC/48h. The characterization before and after the coating was done by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), infrared (IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and the bactericidal effect was assessed using bacterial culture test - Test of inhibition zone. With the results obtained it was found formation of an apatite layer on all surface treatments adopted, being a homogeneous layer to T3. The coated samples after surface treatments T2 and T3 showed bactericidal effect against both types of bacteria from 20 ppm \'AG\' while the sample T1 was only possible to observe this behavior same concentration of 100 ppm \'AG\'.

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