Comparou-se a eficiência de quatro diferentes protocolos de tratamento de caninos superiores impactados empregados na Faculdade de Odontologia de Bauru Universidade de São Paulo. Para tanto, foram eleitos 67 casos de pacientes tratados na Disciplina de Ortodontia selecionados de acordo com a abordagem terapêutica empregada, independente da classificação de má oclusão, sendo alocados em quatro grupos: Grupo 1, constituído de 14 pacientes tratados com aparelho fixo apenas, sem exodontia de nenhum dente superior; Grupo 2, constituído de 26 pacientes tratados aparelho fixo associados a exodontia de dois premolares superiores; Grupo 3, constituído de 12 pacientes tratados com aparelho fixo associado a expansão da maxila; Grupo 4, constituído de 15 pacientes tratados com aparelho fixo associados a expansão da maxila e exodontia de dois premolares superiores. Para a verificação do melhor resultado oclusal utilizou-se o índice PAR (Peer Assessment Rating) nos modelos de gesso iniciais e finais desses pacientes. O tempo dedicado ao tratamento foi calculado e levado em consideração na obtenção do resultado da eficiência do tratamento. Os resultados demonstraram que todos os protocolos de tratamentos se mostraram eficientes, com tempo de tratamento semelhantes, e que não houve diferença quanto aos protocolos de tratamento entre grupos estudados. / The aim was to compare the eficiency of four treatment protocols for maxillary impacted canines employed at Bauru Dental School University of São Paulo. The sample comprised 67 documentations provided from patients treated within Orthodontics clinics assigned in four different groups: Group 1, 14 patients treated with fixed appliance only; Group 2, 26 patients treated with fixed appliance and premolar extraction; Group 3, 12 patients treated with fixed appliance and maxilllary expansion; Group 4, 15 patients treated with fixed appliance associated with maxillary expansion and premolar extraction. All the model casts were evaluated by the means of PAR índex (Peer assessment rating). Treatment time was also evaluated. The results showed that all treatment protocols were efficient with simmilar treatment time and no difference efficiency among the groups.

Objective: To conduct a literature review of published studies of buccally impacted maxillary canines, which presents the etiology, characteristics, and prevalence of these teeth.    Material and method: The search covered three different electronic databases (PubMed, Scopus, and Cochrane Library). The inclusion criteria were studies on maxillary canines ectopia, specifically patients with either a unilateral or bilateral diagnosis of buccally displaced maxillary canines; studies on children and adolescents under 18 years; however, most focus on children aged 9-11 years, and only fulltext articles published in English or Swedish were accepted. In addition, different study designs were included, for example, reviews, retrospective, and biometric studies. Two reviewers independently evaluated selected full-text articles, and any disagreements were resolved by consensus. Results: The applied search terms identified 319 articles in the different databases, out of the 319 yielded articles, 163 were excluded as duplicates. The remaining 183 studies were screened in abstract form by all three reviewers. Out of them, only 11 studies on buccally displaced/impacted canines met the inclusion criteria and were prescribed as eligible studies for full-text analysis. There was a wide variation in the objectives of these 11 studies, though all of them included at least one of the studies' investigations requirements: etiology, characteristics, or prevalence. The results from the final analysis were presented in a preset protocol.  Conclusion: This literature review disclosed that few studies have investigated and presented buccally impaction of the canines. Additional investigations are warranted. / Syfte: Att genomföra en litteraturöversikt av publicerade studier om buckalt retinerade överkäkshörntänder. Litteraturöversikten avser etiologin, egenskaperna och prevalensen av dessa tillstånd.   Material och metod: Sökningen omfattade tre olika sökdatabaser (PubMed, Scopus och Cochrane Library). Inklusionskriterierna för vår studie var, ektopiska överkäkshörntänder, patienter med antingen ett unilateralt eller bilateralt tillstånd av buckalt retinerade hörntänder. Studierna som inkluderades handlade om barn och ungdomar under 18 år, dock sträckte sig fokuset mestadels mellan åldrarna 9-11 år. Enbart artiklar i fulltext användes och dessa var publicerade på engelska och svenska. Diverse studietyper inkluderades, exempelvis översikts-, retrospektiva och biometriska studier. Slutligen, utvärderades utvalda fulltextartiklar av två enskilda granskare. Oenighet mellan granskarna som uppstod diskuterades fram till en uppnådd konsensus. Resultat: De tillämpade söktermerna identifierade 319 artiklar från tre olika databaser. Av 319 artiklar exkluderades 163 som dubbletter. Återstående 183 artiklar genomgick en titel-abstract granskning och detta genomfördes av alla tre granskare. Det återstod endast 11 studier avseende buckalt retinerade överkäkshörntänder som omfattade inklusionskriterierna och skulle läsas i fulltext. Artiklarnas syfte var varierande. Texterna i urvalet, inkluderade minst en av studiens frågeställningar: etiologi, karakteristiska egenskaper eller prevalens. Analysens slutliga resultat presenteras i ett protokoll. Slutsats: Denna litteraturöversikt indikerar att få studier har studerat buckalt retinerade hörntänder. Därmed tycks att ytterligare forskning behövs.

Överkäkshörntänderna erumperar normalt mellan 11 till 13 års ålder. Dessa kan dock bli retinerade och orsaka rotresorption på intilliggande incisiver. Konventionell röntgen upptäcker rotresorption i 12.5 procent av fallen, medan datortomografiundersökning (CT) upptäcker resorptioner i ungefär 50 procent av fallen. En huvudsaklig etiologisk faktor till resorptionerna är fysisk kontakt mellan den retinerade överkäkshörntanden och incisivens rot. Syftet med denna studie var att undersöka rotresorberade överkäksincisivers prognos efter förflyttning av intilliggande överkäkshörntänder. Studien inkluderade 22 patienter med totalt 31 rotresorberade överkäksincisiver. Alla patienter hade genomgått ortodontisk behandling för att förflytta de retinerade överkäkshörntänderna. Intraoral röntgen eller CT-undersökning genomfördes direkt efter avslutad behandling (T1). Uppföljning med CT genomfördes ett antal år efter avslutad behandling (T2). Alla röntgenologiska bilder från T2 jämfördes med bilderna från T1. Rotresorptionerna bedömdes avseende lokalisering och resorptionsgrad. Graden av resorption indelades i mild, måttlig och grav. Utvecklingen av resorptionerna mellan T1 och T2 bedömdes som antingen avstannad, progredierad eller minskad. Resultatet visar att 54.8 procent av resorptionerna var avstannade vid T2 jämfört med T1, 22.6 procent av resorptionerna hade progredierat, 6.5 procent av resorptionerna hade minskat och 16.1 procent av de rotresorberade incisiverna var extraherade vid T2. Alla extraherade incisiver var diagnostiserade med grav rotresorption. Sammanfattningsvis visar aktuella resultat att; (1) ungefär 50 procent av rotresorptionerna avstannade på lång sikt, (2) ungefär 20 procent av resorptionerna progredierade, (3) minskning var ovanlig och (4) incisiver med grava resorptioner direkt efter korrektion av de retinerade överkäkshörntänderna hade en dålig långtidsprognos i kombination med exempelvis trauma eller parodontit. / Maxillary canines normally erupt at the age of 11 to 13. These can however become impacted and cause root resorptions of adjacent incisors. Conventional radiography reveals root resorptions in 12.5 per cent of cases. Computed tomography (CT) reveals root resorptions in about 50 per cent of cases. A main etiological factor is physical contact between the impacted maxillary canine and the incisor root. The aim of the present study is to evaluate the prognosis of maxillary incisors with root resorptions after correction of adjacent maxillary canines. The present study includes 22 patients with a total of 31 root resorbed maxillary incisors. All patients had undergone orthodontic treatment in order to correct the impacted maxillary canines. Intraoral radiographs or CT investigations were taken immediately post treatment (T1). Follow-up examinations with CT were performed a number of years later (T2). All radiographs taken at T2 were compared with the radiographs taken at T1. The root resorptions were examined with respect to localization and degree of resorption. The degree of resorption was graded as slight, moderate and severe. The change of resorptions between T1 and T2 was evaluated as unchanged, increased or decreased. The results show that 54.8 per cent of the resorptions were unchanged at T2 compared to T1, 22.6 per cent of the resorptions increased, 6.5 per cent of the resorptions decreased and 16.1 per cent of the root resorbed incisors were extracted at T2. All extracted teeth were diagnosed having severe root resorption. In summery, the present results showed that; (1) about 50 per cent of the incisor root resorptions arrested in the long-term, (2) about 20 per cent of the resorptions increased, (3) decrease of the resorptions were rare and (4) the incisors with severe resorptions immediately after the correction of the impacted canines had a bad long-term prognosis if combined with eg. trauma or periodontitis.