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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Otimização por funções representáveis como a diferença entre funções convexas com aplicação em um problema de arranjo físico

Fernandes, Manoel de Pontes 31 December 2012 (has links)
Made available in DSpace on 2015-05-08T14:53:39Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 arquivototal.pdf: 922500 bytes, checksum: 7431e1ef48899762e4495065c7bbe16e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-12-31 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / Programming problems which each function can be represented as a diference of two convex function are called DC programming problems and represent a wide range of applications. In this work, DC programming is used do model and solve the proposed layout problem. Here we present the teory of DC optimization problems and some applications which we will see with more details further for better understanding of the teory. Also is proposed a model for the layout problem, modeled mathematically, further represented as a DC optimization problem and finally, placed in its canonical form (CDC). Its done because the DC structure is closed in many operations commonly found in optimization problems, unlike a convex function, which does not preserve its structure by a simple scalar multiplication. Finally, an algorithm is proposed to solve the layout problem. This problems are of great importance in engineering because, in the real world, changes in the layout are usually costly, time consuming and may even unfeasible, depending on the project. Thus, the objective of this work is to solve the proposed layout problem put in the C.D.C. form, through an algorithm, motivated by the need for optimization of the use of the space, in the general sense of the word. / Problemas de otimização onde cada uma das funções podem ser representadas como a diferença entre funções covexas é chamado de problema de otimização DC e representam uma grande gama de aplicações no mundo real. Neste trabalho é utilizado a Otimização DC para modelar e resolver o problema proposto de arranjo físico. Aqui será apresentada a teoria de otimização DC bem como algumas aplicações que serão tratadas mais detalhadamente, para uma melhor compreensão da teoria. Também é proposto um modelo para o Problema de Arranjo Físico (layout), modelado matematicamente, que é posteriormente representado como um problema de Otimização DC e, por último, é colocado na sua forma Canônica (CDC). Isto é feito porque esta estrutura DC é fechada em muitas das operações comumente encontradas em problemas de otimização, ao contrário de uma função convexa, que não preserva sua estrutura por uma simples multiplicação por escalar. Por fim, um algoritmo é proposto para resolver o problema de arranjo físico. Estes problemas são de grande importância na engenharia dada à realidade de que mudanças no arranjo físico são, geralmente, demoradas e custosas e podem até ser inviáveis, dependendo do projeto. Assim, o objetivo do trabalho é resolver o problema proposto de arranjo físico colocado na forma CDC, através de um algoritmo, motivados devido à necessidade de otimização do uso do espaço, no sentido geral da palavra.
2

Transmission strategies for full-duplex multiuser MIMO communications systems

Nguyen, V. T. (Vu Thuy Dan) 22 March 2016 (has links)
Abstract This thesis considers data transmission in a full-duplex (FD) multiuser multiple-input multiple-output (MU-MIMO) system, where a FD capable base station (BS) bidirectionally communicates with multiple half-duplex (HD) users in downlink (DL) and uplink (UL) channels using the same radio resources. The main challenge in FD communications is how to deal with the self-interference (SI) between transmit and receive antennas at the BS. The work carried out in the thesis is motivated by recent advanced techniques in hardware design demonstrating that the SI can be suppressed to a degree that possibly allows for FD transmission in cellular networks. In particular, this thesis attempts to explore the potential gains in terms of the spectral efficiency (SE) and energy efficiency (EE) that can be brought by the FD MU-MIMO model. As the first of its kinds, the thesis aims to present a solid mathematical framework and report interesting results that foster research on wireless communications in general and FD communications in particular. For the FD system of interest the major challenge is due to the SI and co-channel interference from users in the UL channel to the ones in the DL channel, resulting in the coupling between the two channels. As a result we are concerned with the problem of joint transmit processing design to maximize the SE and EE subject to certain power constraints. Since the design problems are natually non-convex, it is difficult to find the globally optimal solutions or even when possible it is not practically appealing. Our contributions to solving these design problems are on the development of several iterative algorithms that can obtain locally optimal solutions. The proposed algorithms are built upon a framework of local optimization strategies such as the sequential parametric convex approximation and the Frank-Wolfe methods. In special cases closed-form designs are also presented. The reported results show that when the SI is sufficiently suppressed the considered FD MU-MIMO system with the proposed SE designs achieves a significantly better SE but consumes more energy, compared to the HD counterpart. In terms of EE the proposed EE scheme is superior to the proposed SE design. Moreover, in the low transmit power region, the EE design achieves a worse EE than the HD system but a better one in the high trasmit power regime when the SI power is low. / Tiivistelmä Tämä väitöskirja käsittelee datansiirtoa samanaikaisesti kaksisuuntaisessa (full-duplex, FD) usean käyttäjän moniantennijärjestelmässä (MU-MIMO), jossa FD-kykyinen tukiasema on yhtä aikaa yhteydessä vuorosuuntaisten (half-duplex, HD) käyttäjien kanssa laskevalla (DL) ja nousevalla (UL) siirtotiellä käyttäen samoja radioresursseja. FD-kommunikaation suurin haaste liittyy lähetys- ja vastaanottoantennien välisen omahäiriön (SI) hallintaan. Tässä työssä hyödynnetään tuoreita tutkimustuloksia, joissa edistyneillä häiriönvaimennustekniikoilla on kyetty vaimentamaan omahäiriö tasolle, jolla FD-lähetys solukkoverkoissa on toteutuskelpoista. Tässä työssä tutkitaan etenkin mahdollisia FD MU-MIMO –järjestelmän tuomia suorituskykyparannuksia spektrinkäytön tehokkuudessa (SE) ja energiatehokkuudessa (EE). Väitöskirjalla on uutuusarvoa matemaattisessa suorituskykyarvioinnissa ja työn mielenkiintoiset tulokset edistävät jatkotutkimusta aiheen ympärillä. Tutkittavan FD-järjestelmän merkittävänä haasteena on omahäiriön ja muiden käyttäjien siirtosuuntien välisen samankanavan häiriön yhteisvaikutus, jonka johdosta siirtosuunnat kytkeytyvät toisiinsa. Tämä johtaa lähetysprosessoinnin yhteisoptimointiin, jossa spektri- ja energiatehokkuus pyritään maksimoimaan määritetyillä tehorajoituksilla. Nämä suunnitteluongelmat eivät ole luonteeltaan konvekseja, joten niihin on vaikeaa löytää globaalisti optimaalisia ratkaisuja ja vaikka onnistuisikin niin ne eivät yleensä ole käytännöllisiä. Työssä esitetään useita iteratiivisia algoritmejä, joilla saavutetaan paikallisesti optimaalisia ratkaisuja. Ehdotetut algoritmit pohjautuvat paikallisten optimointistrategioiden viitekehykseen, jossa käytetään esimerkiksi peräkkäistä parametristä konveksiapproksimaatiota ja Frank-Wolfe –menetelmiä. Erityistapauksissa suljetun muodon ratkaisut on myös esitetty. Raportoidut tulokset osoittavat, että omahäiriön ollessa riittävästi vaimennettu mallinnetulla järjestelmällä saavutetaan spektrinkäytön optimointimielessä huomattavaa etua HD-verrokkiin lisääntyneen energian kulutuksen kustannuksella. Energiatehokkuuden optimointiin pohjautuvalla strategialla puolestaan päästään suurempiin suorituskykyetuihin. Pienillä lähetystehoilla energiatehokkuus voi kuitenkin olla HD-järjestelmää alempi, mutta vastaavasti suurten lähetystehojen alueella tilanne on päinvastainen kunhan omahäiriön teho on tarpeeksi alhainen.

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