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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

WTO dispute settlement from an economic perspective. More failure than success?

Breuss, Fritz January 2001 (has links) (PDF)
Since its inception in 1995, more than 200 disputes have been raised under the WTO Dispute Settlement Understanding (DSU). In spite of the obvious numerical success of the DS system of the WTO, in practice several shortcomings call for institutional and/or procedural change. This analysis deals with the economic aspects of the DS system. First, it turns out that the WTO DS system seems to be "biased". The larger and richer trading nations (USA, EU) are the main users of this system, either because of the larger involvement in world trade, or because the LDCs simply lack the legal resources. Second, in taking advantage of recent theoretical explanations of the WTO system in general (trade talks) and the DS system in particular (aberrations from WTO compliance can lead to trade wars) one can theoretically derive the relative robust result concerning the present practice of the WTO DS system: retaliation with tariffs is ineffective, distorts allocation and is difficult to control. This is also demonstrated in an CGE model analysis for the most popular disputes between the EU and the USA: the Hormones, the Bananas and the FSC cases. The major conclusion of our economic evaluation is that the DS system of retaliation should be changed towards a transfer-like retaliation system. (author's abstract) / Series: EI Working Papers / Europainstitut
2

Costs and benefits of EU enlargement in model simulations

Breuss, Fritz January 1999 (has links) (PDF)
The eastward enlargement of the European Union will be the fifth enlargement since establishing the European Community in 1957. This paper gives an overview of the most recent undertakings to estimate the costs and benefits of EU enlargement in the framework of model analysis. This field of research is relatively young. Therefore only a few model simulations have been made so far. They can be classified into world models covering several world regions, and in single country models. In both cases, one finds computable general equilibrium - CGE - models as well as macro models. The major findings of world models are that the CE-ECs will be the winners whereas the EU incumbents can expect only small gains from enlargement. Taking into account the costs of enlargement the big question, is how the int e-gration gains are distributed among EU incumbents. As a rule, those countries will benefit the most which have already strong trade relations with the CEECs. In the case of the single country models, Austria is one of those countries with the longest tradition in making model simulations in the case of enlargement. A comparison of CGE model approaches with macro model simulations for Austria shows that the benefits of EU enlargement may be lower than those of the opening-up of Eastern Europe since 1989. (author's abstract) / Series: EI Working Papers / Europainstitut
3

Costos de movilidad intersectorial del empleo, shocks comerciales y tecnológicos: resultados para Argentina en base a un modelo estructural

Peluffo, Cecilia 17 December 2010 (has links) (PDF)
A partir de un modelo de ajuste dinámico en el mercado laboral se estiman costos de movilidad intersectorial del empleo para Argentina durante el período 1996-2009, siguiendo la metodología desarrollada en Artuç, Chaudhuri and McLaren (2010). Considerando los parámetros estimados se computan simulaciones para evaluar el impacto potencial de shocks comerciales y tecnológicos sobre la asignación sectorial del empleo, los salarios sectoriales y el bienestar de los trabajadores. Nuestros resultados indican la presencia de altos costos de ajuste en el empleo, lo que implica un ajuste lento en el mercado de trabajo como respuesta a shocks tecnológicos y comerciales. Encontramos que los costos son mayores para los trabajadores no calificados respecto de los trabajadores semi calificados, no difieren entre el sector del país que comprende al Gran Buenos Aires y la Región pampeana respecto al resto del país y presentan una estructura sectorial similar a la hallada por Artuç et al. (2010) para Estados Unidos. / This paper estimates workers’ intersectoral switching costs based on a dynamic model of labor adjustment using data for Argentina (1996-2009). The estimated parameters are incorporated into a neoclassical model of trade to simulate the dynamic equilibrium impact (on welfare, wages and labor allocation) of trade shocks and technological changes. The approach used in this paper follows the method developed in Artuç, Chaudhuri and McLaren (2010). Our estimates show that Argentinian workers face high average intersectoral adjustment costs. This result suggests that the adjustment of the labor market in response to shocks is slow.
4

A entrada da Venezuela no Mercosul : uma análise de equilíbrio geral computável sobre os impactos setoriais no Brasil

Bueno, Eduardo Urbanski January 2013 (has links)
O presente trabalho tem o objetivo de avaliar o impacto que a adesão da Venezuela ao Mercosul terá sobre o bloco em termos de criação/desvio de comércio e de bem-estar. Mais especificamente, pretende-se quantificar os impactos estáticos dos choques tarifários que este processo pode gerar sobre setores da economia brasileira. Busca-se testar a hipótese de que o resultado líquido (em termos de criação de comércio e de bem-estar) dessa ampliação do bloco será positivo. Para atingir tal objetivo, o trabalho utilizará o modelo de Equilíbrio Geral Computável Global Trade Analysis Project (GTAP, V.8). A hipótese é confirmada, havendo resultados particularmente positivos para as indústrias automobilística, de bens de capital e têxtil brasileiras. / This study aims to evaluate the impact that the accession of Venezuela to Mercosur will have on the block in terms of trade creation/diversion and of welfare. More specifically, it intends to quantify the static impacts of tariff shocks that this process can generate on sectors of the Brazilian economy. The article seeks to test the hypothesis that the net result (in terms of trade creation and welfare) of this regional agreement will be positive. To achieve this goal, the work uses the Computable General Equilibrium Model of the Global Trade Analysis Project (GTAP, V.8). The hypothesis is confirmed, with particularly positive results for the Brazilian automobile, capital goods and textile industries. / Este estudio tiene como objetivo evaluar el impacto que la adhesión de Venezuela al Mercosur tendrá en el bloque en términos de creación/desviación de comercio y de bienestar. Más concretamente, se pretende cuantificar los impactos estáticos de los shocks arancelarios que este proceso puede generar sobre los sectores de la economía brasileña. Tratamos de probar la hipótesis de que el resultado neto (en términos de creación de comercio y bienestar) de este acuerdo regional será positivo. Para lograr este objetivo, el trabajo utiliza el modelo de Equilibrio General Computable del Global Trade Analysis Project (GTAP, V.8). La hipótesis se confirma, con resultados especialmente positivos para las industrias automotriz, de bienes de capital e textil brasileñas.
5

A entrada da Venezuela no Mercosul : uma análise de equilíbrio geral computável sobre os impactos setoriais no Brasil

Bueno, Eduardo Urbanski January 2013 (has links)
O presente trabalho tem o objetivo de avaliar o impacto que a adesão da Venezuela ao Mercosul terá sobre o bloco em termos de criação/desvio de comércio e de bem-estar. Mais especificamente, pretende-se quantificar os impactos estáticos dos choques tarifários que este processo pode gerar sobre setores da economia brasileira. Busca-se testar a hipótese de que o resultado líquido (em termos de criação de comércio e de bem-estar) dessa ampliação do bloco será positivo. Para atingir tal objetivo, o trabalho utilizará o modelo de Equilíbrio Geral Computável Global Trade Analysis Project (GTAP, V.8). A hipótese é confirmada, havendo resultados particularmente positivos para as indústrias automobilística, de bens de capital e têxtil brasileiras. / This study aims to evaluate the impact that the accession of Venezuela to Mercosur will have on the block in terms of trade creation/diversion and of welfare. More specifically, it intends to quantify the static impacts of tariff shocks that this process can generate on sectors of the Brazilian economy. The article seeks to test the hypothesis that the net result (in terms of trade creation and welfare) of this regional agreement will be positive. To achieve this goal, the work uses the Computable General Equilibrium Model of the Global Trade Analysis Project (GTAP, V.8). The hypothesis is confirmed, with particularly positive results for the Brazilian automobile, capital goods and textile industries. / Este estudio tiene como objetivo evaluar el impacto que la adhesión de Venezuela al Mercosur tendrá en el bloque en términos de creación/desviación de comercio y de bienestar. Más concretamente, se pretende cuantificar los impactos estáticos de los shocks arancelarios que este proceso puede generar sobre los sectores de la economía brasileña. Tratamos de probar la hipótesis de que el resultado neto (en términos de creación de comercio y bienestar) de este acuerdo regional será positivo. Para lograr este objetivo, el trabajo utiliza el modelo de Equilibrio General Computable del Global Trade Analysis Project (GTAP, V.8). La hipótesis se confirma, con resultados especialmente positivos para las industrias automotriz, de bienes de capital e textil brasileñas.
6

A entrada da Venezuela no Mercosul : uma análise de equilíbrio geral computável sobre os impactos setoriais no Brasil

Bueno, Eduardo Urbanski January 2013 (has links)
O presente trabalho tem o objetivo de avaliar o impacto que a adesão da Venezuela ao Mercosul terá sobre o bloco em termos de criação/desvio de comércio e de bem-estar. Mais especificamente, pretende-se quantificar os impactos estáticos dos choques tarifários que este processo pode gerar sobre setores da economia brasileira. Busca-se testar a hipótese de que o resultado líquido (em termos de criação de comércio e de bem-estar) dessa ampliação do bloco será positivo. Para atingir tal objetivo, o trabalho utilizará o modelo de Equilíbrio Geral Computável Global Trade Analysis Project (GTAP, V.8). A hipótese é confirmada, havendo resultados particularmente positivos para as indústrias automobilística, de bens de capital e têxtil brasileiras. / This study aims to evaluate the impact that the accession of Venezuela to Mercosur will have on the block in terms of trade creation/diversion and of welfare. More specifically, it intends to quantify the static impacts of tariff shocks that this process can generate on sectors of the Brazilian economy. The article seeks to test the hypothesis that the net result (in terms of trade creation and welfare) of this regional agreement will be positive. To achieve this goal, the work uses the Computable General Equilibrium Model of the Global Trade Analysis Project (GTAP, V.8). The hypothesis is confirmed, with particularly positive results for the Brazilian automobile, capital goods and textile industries. / Este estudio tiene como objetivo evaluar el impacto que la adhesión de Venezuela al Mercosur tendrá en el bloque en términos de creación/desviación de comercio y de bienestar. Más concretamente, se pretende cuantificar los impactos estáticos de los shocks arancelarios que este proceso puede generar sobre los sectores de la economía brasileña. Tratamos de probar la hipótesis de que el resultado neto (en términos de creación de comercio y bienestar) de este acuerdo regional será positivo. Para lograr este objetivo, el trabajo utiliza el modelo de Equilibrio General Computable del Global Trade Analysis Project (GTAP, V.8). La hipótesis se confirma, con resultados especialmente positivos para las industrias automotriz, de bienes de capital e textil brasileñas.

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