No description available.

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of priming on performance of a closed motor task (dart throwing). The priming task involved either reading or listening to one of three different sets of instructions explaining the mechanics of dart throwing: positive (emphasizing what to do or focus on), negative (emphasizing what not to do or focus on), and neutral. One hundred-twenty four participants were randomly assigned to 4 experimental groups (n = 21 for each) and 2 control groups (n = 20 for each) based on media (verbal or written) and direction (positive, negative, control) of script. Each participant completed a total of 6 blocks (3 dart-throws per block). In subsequent order, participants completed Blocks 1 and 2 (practice trials), the priming task, and then Blocks 3 through 6 (experimental trials).A 2 x 3 x 6 (Media x Direction x Block) ANOVA with repeated measures on the last factor found only a significant main effect for Block. However, tests of within-subject contrasts indicated a Block x Direction interaction from Block 1 to Block 2 and from Block 2 to Block 3, with the most dramatic change in performance seen in the group receiving the negative instructions. The results indicated that negative instruction can have an immediate negative impact on performance that is not seen with positive instruction. This negative impact can be overcome, however, if the performer is left alone to practice after receiving the negative instruction. This study has provided additional evidence that priming can influence motor responses. / School of Physical Education, Sport, and Exercise Science

Thesis (M.S.)--Ball State University, 2006. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 52-57).

Thesis (M.S.)--Ball State University, 2006. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 52-57). Also available online (PDF file) by a subscription to the set or by purchasing the individual file.

The purpose of the study was to examine the effects of an external focus of attention on the learning of dart throwing at three different focus reminder frequencies (every two, every four and every ten trials). Twenty-four male and female subjects were randomly assigned to one of three groups. Subjects threw darts at a circular target 60 times over two days while getting a reminder of their intended external focus at the three different reminder frequencies. Five-day delayed retention and transfer tests were conducted to assess learning, each consisting of five trials. The target was comprised of five concentric circles, with the center zone worth five points and the outer-most zone worth one point. Target scores were used for statistical analysis. Findings show that the groups given a reminder after every fourth and tenth trial perform better during acquisition (F=13.61; p<0.001). Furthermore, the group that received a reminder after every tenth trial performed the best during the retention test. Although, the high variability within groups may have prevented more significant differences between reminder frequency groups in the retention and transfer test results, it is evident that less-frequent reminders result in better performance and learning of dart throwing.

No description available.

This thesis is a flirtation with architectural materials and tailoring techniques that questions industry solutions and standards. Searching with tailoring precision to create architectural seams, edges, darts, and connections. By coincidence, luck, or destiny, this thesis is also the beginning of Washington DC as a fashion capital of the world by being the epicenter to the new movement on fashion in DC. / Master of Architecture

This experiment was conducted to examine the hypothesis that learning by analogy will invoke characteristics of an implicit mode of learning. On Day 1, dart novices learned to throw darts as close as possible to the centre of a target under one of three scenarios: control (without instruction), implicit (while performing a distracting secondary task), and analogy (while imagining an analogous physical image). Each participant threw 6 blocks of 40 darts, receiving repeated instructions before each block. The next day (Day 2), participants were tested for retention and for transfer by the addition of a secondary distracting task. The results showed that significant learning took place in all groups over a period of six learning blocks on the first day. There was also significant response to retention and transfer testing on Day 2. Learning to throw darts without instruction was shown to be superior to learning under both of the other conditions – analogy and secondary task. The study demonstrated that dart throwing instruction using analogy was insufficient to induce the beneficial features of implicit learning. The chosen elastic analogy, in fact, led to a significant deterioration of performance when compared to controls during transfer on Day 2. Sex and skill differences are unlikely to have played a significant role in the main findings. The findings are discussed within the framework of current literature. / Thesis (Master, Education) -- Queen's University, 2007-11-13 09:40:59.568

Thesis (M.S.)--Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 1992. / Vita. Abstract. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 129-133). Also available via the Internet.

Malaria is a parasitic infectious disease that results in millions of clinical cases per year and accounts for approximately 1 million deaths annually. Because the parasite has developed resistance to all current antimalarials, new therapies are urgently needed. Purine and pyrimidine biosynthesis for DNA and RNA synthesis has been recognized as a source of therapeutic targets. Targeted metabolite profiling has aided in the understanding of several biological processes in the parasite besides drug discovery. Therefore, having a robust analytical platform to quantify the purines and pyrimidines is of a great value. For this purpose an ion pair reversed phase ultra-performance liquid chromatography in tandem with mass spectrometry method was developed and validated. In addition, the apicoplast is an organelle present in the malaria parasite and other apicomplexan parasites. It was demonstrated that the apicoplast is essential for parasite's survival. The supply of isopentenyl diphosphate and dimethylallyl diphosphate for isoprenoid biosynthesis is the sole function of this organelle in the asexual intraerythrocytic stages. Isoprenoid precursors are synthesized through the methylerythritol phosphate (MEP) pathway in the malaria parasite while humans utilize the mevalonate pathway. Therefore, the MEP pathway is a source of drug targets for drug development. Our group has identified MMV008138 as anti-apicoplast inhibitor through phenotypic screening. Preliminary data suggest that the molecular target of MMV008138 may be within the MEP pathway. We used proteomic and metabolomic approaches to identify the molecular target of MMV008138 to aid future medicinal chemistry to improve the efficacy of this inhibitor. / Master of Science