This study examines curriculum vitae (CV) data from 447 scientists and engineers at academic research centers in the United States, ranging from post-doctoral researchers to full professors and research directors in order to figure out the pattern of scientific discipline trajectory and the relation of the scientists discipline mobility to productivity. This study shows that natural sciences have highest percentage of scientists who have the same bachelors degree field as their highest degree field and higher degree of mobility across the disciplines is negatively associated with their productivity. On the contrary, for life sciences, higher degree of mobility across the disciplines is positively associated with scientific productivity.

Abstract The purpose of this study is to understand the relationship between elementary school teachers' attitude towards the students' guidance and discipline measures and the effectiveness of classroom management. Based on the literature and research, we establish the theoretical framework, and to design research tools. This study used "survey method", prior to the merger by the Kaohsiung city and county elementary schools 600 teachers for the survey, obtained 528 valid questionnaires . Formal questionnaires recovered to descriptive statistics, independent samples t-test, ANOVA, Pearson product-moment correlation, and stepwise multiple regression statistical analysis data. According to the result of the data analysis, the main findings are the following: 1. The elementary school teachers' show better "in attitude on the part of the overall performance level, which the" positive discipline measures "the most prominent. 2. The "classroom management effectiveness" is in the upper part of the overall performance, which the "teacher efficacy" best. 3. Male elementary school teachers for teaching, practice and self-efficacy have a higher perception. 4. Older, part-time position of director of elementary school teachers' attitude toward guidance and discipline measures show a higher perception. 5. Older, experienced, part-time position of director of elementary school teachers show the better perception of the effectiveness of classroom management. 6. Elementary school teachers' attitude toward guidance and discipline measures show greater the perception of the situation, the effectiveness of teacher classroom management will be the better. 7. Elementary school teachers' attitude toward guidance and discipline measures has a positive effect on classroom management predict. Keywords:guidance and discipline measures,classroom management effectiveness.

Researchers have identified numerous risk and protective factors that might provide insight into the academic difficulties and success that Hispanic adolescents experience. Maladjusted outcomes cannot be attributed to a single risk factor; risk factors do not act in isolation and often have complex relationships with other risk factors. This study uses an ecological risk factor model that suggests that there are multiple risk factors related to adolescent being placed in an alternative education setting and that these risk factors exist at six levels: community-based factors, school-based factors, peer-based factors, family-based factors, child's perception factors, and acculturation-based factors. The purpose of this study is to examine differences in the protective and risk factors in the area of family, community, school, peers, child?s perception, and acculturation levels between Hispanic males who have been placed in DAEP (Disciplinary Alternative Education Placement) and their same aged Hispanic male peers who have not been previously placed in the DAEP. The sample for this study (N=119) was collected from a large urban school district in Texas. The participants were seventh and eighth graders between the ages of 12 and 16 years of age. The non-DAEP group was comprised of a majority of 7th grade students (71.7%), while the DAEP group had a larger number of 8th grade students (62.7%). This study addressed four research questions. The first question investigated if there was a difference between the two groups when the ecological levels where combined to create a cumulative risk score. The non-DAEP group had significantly lower cumulative risk scores than the DAEP. The second research question investigated if there was a difference in each cumulative risk index (i.e., family, school, peers, community, child?s perception, and acculturation) between the two groups. There was no significant difference found between the non-DAEP and DAEP group for family-based risk scores or the child's perception risk scores; however, a significant difference was found between the two groups on the peer-based, community-based, acculturation-based, and school-based factors. The third question examined the unique contribution school, peers, community, family, and acculturation makes in the prediction of the child?s perception factor for Hispanic males. A hierarchical multiple regression suggested only the community-based, family-based, and acculturation-based variables made a significant contribution to the child's perception factor. The fourth question examined if the child's perception factor mediated the relationship between placement in the DAEP and the family-based, community-based, peer-based, school-based, and acculturation-based factors. The effects of the five variables on group placement and child's perception factors were assessed through the use of structural equation modeling using the program AMOS. (Analysis of Movement Structures; See Figure 2).

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The involvement of executives and the promotion time it takes are the key factors of organizational change. On many cases, failure results from program abandoned by executives too early just because it did not work as plan going. In the other hand, low of employees retention also cause the program not easy to sustain. This study is mentioned about how does the involvement of executives influence the changes of organization by case study approach: The first,why executives devote himself to the changes ? ¡]1¡^The change type of SH company is an enterprise need, have to respond an enterprise to beg continuously to beg to change lately. ¡]2¡^"Systems thinking" unties a dilemma of perplexing the SH company executive several years price war mire Nao, providing a different thinking method, promoting a SH company significantly, the executive fixs to practice continuously of motive. ¡]3¡^The executive would like to wait for because of the function of understanding"time delay", endure patiently.And feel five benefits which fix to practice by set oneself up as an example, even become one part of its value. The second,what are the factors disturbing the changes? ¡]1¡^ The biggest resistance comes from the executive oneself's mental models. ¡]2¡^ Time delay and time not enough influence. The third,what are the reflections of this study? ¡]1¡^From discipline to practice a beginning personally. ¡]2¡^Look for an of one mind friend, can keep on a deep ploughing. ¡]3¡^The structure suggestions which the fifth discipline to carry on.

Thèse de doctorat : Sociociologie et sciences sociales : Lyon 2 : 1998. / Titre provenant de l'écran-titre. Bibliogr.

Thesis (Ed. D.)--West Virginia University, 2009. / Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains ix, 104 p. : ill. (some col.). Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (p. 72-81).

Thesis (M.Ed.), Memorial University of Newfoundland, 2000. / Bibliography: leaves 134-137.

Thesis (M.A.)--Kent State University, 2009. / Title from PDF t.p. (viewed Jan. 12, 2010). Advisor: Dr. David A. Purcell. Keywords: School Social Capital; Social Capital; School-Level Data; Race; Problem Behavior; Disciplinary Problems. Includes bibliographical references (p. 41-52).