Thesis (M.B.A.)--University of North Carolina Wilmington, 2008. / Includes appendix. Title from PDF title page (viewed May 28, 2009) Includes bibliographical references (p. 24-25)

Thesis--Copenhagen. / Bibliography: p. [219]-226.

Thesis (M. Soc. Sc.)--University of Hong Kong, 1991.

Thesis (M. Soc. Sc.)--University of Hong Kong, 1991.

Thesis (Ph. D. in Economics)--Vanderbilt University, Aug. 2005. / Title from title screen. Includes bibliographical references.

Thesis--Copenhagen. / Bibliography: p. [219]-226.

Thesis (M.Soc.Sc.)--University of Hong Kong, 1991. / Also available in print.

Thesis (M.Soc.Sc.)--University of Hong Kong, 1991. / Also available in print.

abstract: Informal public transport is commonplace in the developing world, but the service exists in the United States as well, and is understudied. Often called "dollar vans", New York's commuter vans serve approximately 120,000 people every day (King and Goldwyn, 2014). While this is a tiny fraction of the New York transit rider population, it is comparable to the total number of commuters who ride transit in smaller cities such as Minneapolis/St Paul and Phoenix. The first part of this study reports on the use of commuter vans in Eastern Queens based on a combination of surveys and a ridership tally, all conducted in summer 2016. It answers four research questions: How many people ride the vans? Who rides the commuter vans? Why do they ride commuter vans? Do commuter vans complement or compete against formal transit? Commuter van ridership in Eastern Queens was approximately 55,000 with a high percentage of female ridership. Time and cost savings were the main factors influencing commuter van ridership. Possession of a MetroCard was shown to negatively affect the frequency of commuter van ridership. The results show evidence of commuter vans playing both a competing and complementary role to MTA bus and subway transit. The second part of this study presents a SWOT analysis results of commuter vans, and the policy implications. It answers 2 research questions: What are the main strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats of commuter vans in Eastern Queens? and How do the current policies, rules and regulations affect commuter van operation? The SWOT analysis results show that the commuter van industry is resilient, performs a necessary service, and, with small adjustments that will help reduce operating costs and loss of profits have a chance of thriving in Eastern Queens and the rest of New York City. The study also discusses the mismatch between policy and practice offering recommendations for improvement to ensure that commuter vans continue to serve residents of New York City. / Dissertation/Thesis / Masters Thesis Urban and Environmental Planning 2017

Made available in DSpace on 2015-05-08T14:44:53Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 arquivototal.pdf: 903953 bytes, checksum: de3aadfdbd20abfbbc5b9be43616fe09 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-03-22 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / Considering the high integration degree of the world financial market, this paper attempts to model the dependence relationship between the BM&FBOVESPA U.S. Dollar futures market and the U.S. economy, using the Copula framework. The U.S.Dollar future contract negotiated on the Brazilian futures market is one of the top five futures contracts with the highest negotiation volume of the world and, hence, it plays a fundamental role in the Brazilian financial market. After the estimation of several families of copulas it was shown that the t-student copula is appropriated to model the dependence between the analyzed variables. Furthermore, the realized statistics tests rejected hypothesizes of independence and extreme value dependence. This study concludes that the variables present a moderate negative dependence, even considering that it is about different kind of markets from distinct countries. / Este estudo foi desenvolvido com o objetivo de modelar a relação de dependência entre o mercado futuro de dólar da BM&FBOVESPA e a economia norte-americana,por meio da abordagem de cópulas. O contrato futuro de dólar negociado na bolsa brasileira é um dos cinco contratos futuros de câmbio com maior volume de negociação do mundo, portantotem papel fundamental no mercado financeiro nacional. Após a estimação de uma série de famílias de cópulasconstatou-se que a cópula t-student é apropriada para modelar a dependência entre as variáveis analisadas. Além disso, os testes estatísticos realizados rejeitaram tanto a hipótese de independência entre as séries quanto a de dependência de valores extremos. A pesquisarevelou que as variáveis em estudo possuem dependência negativa moderada, mesmo se tratando de mercados distintos de diferentes países.