This thesis examines extraction of attributes' transformation descriptions from Oracle SQL scripts and possibilities of their presentation to users. This thesis com- pares several variants of output format. Then it describes details of construction for the chosen format and choices that led to it. One of the main decisions was the choice of input data structures: abstract syntax tree and dataflow graph. Those data structures provide initial analysis of input SQL scripts but they also strongly influence the rest of processing. Results of this thesis were verified by prototype implementation in software Manta. The prototype confirmed suitability of the chosen approach for convenient presentation to users. 1

In this paper are examined methods, architectures and development, dealing with issues of data synchronization. Moreover this paper contains scenarios of the most frequent utilizations, and by analyzing one of the scenarios a general design solving logical problems of data synchronization is created. For the designed solution was created an Android application, which is used as an instrument for presenting created methods, providing processes for data synchronization.

The recent progress in information and communication technologies has enabled us to obtain and store very large amounts of data. The main problem is how to find and extract useful information contained in data. The main goal of this study is to assess the possibility of using Adaptive resonance theory (ART) neural networks for cluster analysis and information retrieval. Their properties, behavior and success rate for different types of artificial and real data were determined as well as optimal values of their parameters for this purpose. Based on achieved results, the possibility of using ART neural networks for Big data analysis was assessed. Then the application based on ART principles with included graphical user interface was implemented and this process was described.

Successful predictions of the fate and transport of solutes in the subsurface is based on the availability of accurate transport parameters. Analytical solutions to the advective-dispersive solute-transport equation are useful in predicting the fate of solutes in ground water. Analytical solutions compiled from available literature are presented for one dimension solute transport in uniform ground water flow. These solutions are used for tracer test data interpretation. Tracer testing is generally regarded as the most reliable and efficient method of gathering subsurface hydrogeological information. A user-oriented computer program Mipar 2.0 was created to for estimating solute transport parameters from observed concentrations (the inverse problem) or for predicting solute concentrations (the direct problem) using the advection-dispersion equation as the transport model. The methods used for interpretation are based on the described analytical solutions. The program usability was verified on field data and on data from literature.

Current species distribution in Europe was mainly influenced by massive climatic and environmental changes during the Quaternary period. Different theories concerning survival of tree species during the last ice age in Europe were proposed and up to date the position of glacial refugia and directions of migration routes are under active debate. My dissertation thesis aimed to combine information from fossil records and genetic analysis to improve knowledge on postglacial history of Alnus glutinosa and Alnus incana. The synthesis of palaeoecological data supports the idea that not only southern but also northern populations were important sources of postglacial Alnus expansion. The delayed Alnus expansion apparent in some regions was likely a result of environmental limitations. Our findings from molecular study showed differences in postglacial histories between temperate A. glutinosa and boreal A. incana. In the case of A. incana, we found an effective refugium in Central Europe located outside classical southern refugia confirming the existence of northern refugia for boreal trees in Europe. Fennoscandian populations are derived from Central-European ones that originated from populations in the Alps. For A. glutinosa, multiple southern refugia were revealed and three main directions of postglacial expansion were proposed: 1) from the northern part of the Iberian Peninsula to Western and Central Europe and subsequently to the British Isles, 2) from the Apennine Peninsula to the Alps, and 3) from the eastern part of the Balkan Peninsula to the Carpathians followed by expansion towards the Northern European plains. It has been shown that colonizing lineages have met several times and formed secondary contact zones with unexpectedly high population genetic diversity in Central Europe and Scandinavia. For the first time, we discovered tetraploid populations of A. glutinosa situated in the putative main glacial refugia on the Iberian and Balkan Peninsulas. Neither of them was probably involved in the colonization of Central and Northern Europe after glacial withdrawal. In conclusion, thanks to extensive population sampling, testing of hypothesis postulated based on fossil data by molecular data and using two molecular markers, i.e. chloroplast DNA and microsatellites, with different mode of inheritance and polymorphisms, this project revealed not only the position of glacial refugia of European tree species and discriminate between effective and non-effective ones, but also help infer the main migration routes. This approach enabled us to change some long-lasting paradigms and brought new pieces of knowledge about postglacial colonization of European tree species.

This thesis deals with the utilization of cloud computing in the field of online data storages for storing and backing up of user data. After defining the target group and its requirements for the service, ten most suitable options from the total set of cloud storages were selected. Selected storages were subsequently tested and analyzed in order to be used in the next stage of thesis. Materials for multicriterial analysis of options were created on the basis of set criteria and their given or measured values. The most appropriate options were calculated by application of the aforementioned mathematical method. These options were then evaluated and described from the viewpoint of commissioning.

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