Criminal law aspects of data electronization in healthcare Abstract Continuous spread of information and communication technologies into all aspects of everyday life goes hand in hand with importance of data and information. This trend can be also observed in the healthcare sector which has recently experienced massive electronization. However, along with electronization, respective criminal law aspects are developing as well. Relevancy of this issue can be clearly demonstrated on the recent cyber-attacks on healthcare providers, which seriously jeopardize valuable data in healthcare. The aim of this work is to set forth comprehensive summary of criminal aspects of data electronization in healthcare with emphasis on the importance of electronization phenomenon, the issue of cybercrime and selected crimes that may be committed in connection with data electronization. This work also aims at highlighting negative impact of electronization in the global information society. In terms of content, the work consists of five structured chapters, in which the author defined relevant theory behind the issue and subsequently performed her own analysis thereof. The first chapter defines the term "data" as well as its categories and legislative framework with emphasis on area of criminal law and related protection of...

This thesis deals with the analysis and visualisation of the urban spatial data. The subject of the thesis is realized through an evaluation of various localities around the city of Brno from several perspectives (i.e. environmental conditions, transportation, etc.). The acquired data describe the conditions within the city and herein form the basis for the evaluations of individual building objects. These evaluations are subsequently presented through the web application available at www.brno.ml. By contrast to other works and publications related to the described subject, indices are not herein calculated in the fixed but in the dynamic manner based on the preferences of users. The application can well be used by city residents to support their decision making when choosing new housing location or by various city institutions to identify problematic localities.

This thesis deals with methods and technologies for storing and processing big data. Thesis contains design of tools for data storing and creation of system for processing and visualization of big data recorded from airplane data bus.

Data sources and data quality are indispensable in economical, medical, pharmaceutical or other studies and provide the basis for reliable study results in numerous research questions. Depending on the purpose of use, a high quality of data is a prerequisite. However, with increasing registry quality, costs also increase accordingly. Considering these time and cost consuming factors, this work is an attempt to estimate the cost advantages when applying statistical tools to existing registry data. This includes methodological considerations and suggestions regarding the evaluation of data quality including factors such as bias and reliability after dealing properly (or not) with missing data (MD), and possible consequences when ignoring the incompleteness of data. Results for the quality analysis of the gastric cancer patients’ data example showed that millions of Euros in study costs can be saved by reducing the time horizon. On average, €523,126.70 can be saved for every year that the study duration is shortened. Replacing additionally the over 25% of MD in some variables, data quality was immensely improved, but still showed quality difficulties, which – beside MD in variables – could be an indication for completely missing entries of patients in the registry. Capturerecapture methods were therefore discussed to demonstrate how the total completeness in a registry can be estimated. Since it was not possible to illustrate the CARE method with the example of the gastric cancer patients due to the given data structure (no access to required variables), other data sets had to be chosen – the publicly accessible data of the amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and data of towed vehicles in the City of Chicago. The consequence of ignoring MD was further analyzed using bankruptcy prediction data sets of agribusiness companies and confirmed the assumption that MD have a negative impact on the data quality, in this case also regarding the misclassifications of predictions of bankrupted companies. Using the decision tree method (known as one of the most suitable methods in predicting financial distress), the percentage of correctly bankruptcy-predicted of bankrupted companies (one year to bankruptcy) with MD imputation was 87.5%, whereas it was only 60% when completely omitting MD. Overall, my findings showed dearly the importance of statistical methods to improve data quality which in turn helps to avoid drawing biased conclusions due to incomplete data.

The importance of data in the information society is steadily increasing. Today's digital economy revolves around the information and communications technology and data are being produced and collected in unprecedented volume. That is why this thesis focuses on the complicated relationship between data and law with an emphasis on copyright law. The thesis itself is divided into four chapters. First chapter explores the nature of data and information as such and shows that neither legal theory, nor legal practise offers a complex concept and methodology of data or information. Second chapter presents various areas of law which can provide protection of data in different contexts. The protection of certain types od data can be achieved by both relative and absolute rights but there is no absolute right that protects data as such. Third chapter focuses on intellectual property rights, particularly on copyright law and database protection law. This area of law is presented both in general terms and in terms of data protection. It shows which conditions must be met for data to become a subject of intellectual property laws. A primary objective of the last chapter is to introduce a term of data mining both from technical and legal perspective. In the past years various laws related to data mining were...

Adoption of glyphosate-resistant crops has resulted in increased glyphosate usage and decreased use of residual herbicides thus resulting in weed pressure shifts. Weeds that display multiple-resistance to glyphosate and other herbicide modes of action have become a concern in many parts of the United States. Incorporation of multiple herbicide resistance traits into multiple cropping systems, may facilitate weed resistance to additional herbicides. Furthermore, controlling volunteer crop stands containing multiple herbicide-resistance traits may be problematic in herbicide resistant crops. These volunteer crops will compete with the currently growing crop qualifying them as a weed. Therefore, this research was conducted to determine control options for: failed glyphosate resistant corn stands, and volunteer glyphosate resistant corn stands in glyphosate resistant cotton. Furthermore, research was conducted to determine what densities of glyphosate-resistant corn will cause cotton yield loss and if time of removal of these densities impacts cotton yield loss.

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In the presented work we study the XML data evolution, reasons and consequences of XML schema evolution in particular. The thesis contains a survey of the existing approaches to this problem. The approach presented in this work extends the XSem conceptual model with the support for multiple versions of the model. Thanks to this extension, it is possible to define a set of changes between two versions of a schema. The thesis contains a description of an algorithm that compares two versions of a schema and produces a revalidation script in XSL.

La maladie de Parkinson (MP) est caractérisée par une perte progressive des terminaisons présynaptiques dopaminergiques et reste actuellement incurable. Néanmoins, dans les études épidémiologiques, il a été montré que l’utilisation des statines, médicaments hypocholestérolémiants, diminue le risque de développer une MP. Les statines sont également capables d'inhiber les effets neurodégénératifs dans les modèles précliniques in-vitro et in-vivo de la MP. Cependant, les mécanismes moléculaires à l’origine de ces effets neuroprotecteurs ne sont pas encore complétement élucidés. Ainsi, nous avons étudié les effets potentiels des statines sur l'expression des marqueurs synaptiques et sur le transport de la dopamine. Dans nos études, les statines induisent la croissance des neurites dans les cellules dopaminergiques et déclenchent une augmentation de l’expression des protéines synaptiques dopaminergiques telles que le transporteur vésiculaire des monoamines (VMAT2) et le transporteur de la dopamine. Les statines induisent une diminution de la recapture de la dopamine cellulaire et des changements d’affinités aux niveaux des sites de liaison des inhibiteurs sélectifs du VMAT2. L’activation du facteur de transcription nucléaire protéine-1 se liant à l'élément de régulation des stérols (SREBP-1), cholestérol-dépendent, serait l’élément inducteur de la surexpression des marqueurs dopaminergiques présynaptiques induite par les statines. En outre, ces résultats soutiennent un potentiel thérapeutique neuroprotecteur et/ou neurorestaurateur des statines précédemment proposées dans la MP et permettent de mettre en évidence de nouvelles cibles thérapeutiques comme le facteur SREBP. / Parkinson disease (PD) is characterized by a progressive loss of dopaminergic presynaptic terminals and remains incurable. However in epidemiological studies, it has been shown that the use of statins, which are hypocholesterolemic drugs, diminishes the risk to develop a PD. Statins are able to inhibit the neurodegenerative effects in in-vitro and in-vivo models of PD. However, the molecular mechanisms driving neuroprotective effects are not yet fully understood. Consequently, we investigated the potential effects of statins on the synaptic expression and dopamine transport function in the dopaminergic system. In our studies, statins enhance the neurite outgrowth in the dopaminergic cells and trigger an increase in the expression levels of presynaptic dopaminergic proteins such as vesicular monoamine transporter 2 (VMAT2) and dopamine transporter. Statins induce a reduction of dopamine cellular uptake and modulate the binding-affinity of the specific inhibitors for VMAT2. The activation of the nuclear transcriptional factor sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1 (SREBP-1), cholesterol-dependent, could be the key element of the overexpression of dopaminergic presynaptic markers induced by the statins. Furthermore, these findings highlight the therapeutic neuroprotective and/or neurorestorative potentials of statins previously proposed in PD and allow to bring out new potential therapeutic targets such as SREBP factor.

Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) was developed from the fifties of the last century. Mainly used was for accounting. Another milestone was seventies when there was added functionality of material management. The biggest extensions came in the nineties when there was a significant increase of servers performance and ERP systems could be more complex. Suppliers began to develop new modules for Customer Relationship Management (CRM), analytics named Business Intelligence (BI), Warehouse Management System (WMS) and others. Expansion of Internet and secure connections began also cause of develop the Electronic Data Interchange (EDI). ERP systems are more complex so implementation of this systems are more complex too because it extends to most processes in the company. Implementation starts by selecting an ERP system in relation to the processes maps of the company. Then it is necessary to manage whole process of the implementation and write target concepts of each parts. Equally important is the data preparation and cleaning of data base for migrate to a new ERP system. After programming, editing and parameterization of the required functions and processes following phase of testing. If all goes as expected and acceptance document is approved, ERP system is prepared to productive mode.