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ABSTRACT After the national universities in Taiwan implementing the college affairs funds, the expenditure comes from not only the government supply but also universities themselves. It¡¦s for the purpose of their needs on teaching, researching, and serving. In order to enhance the elasticity that the funds use independently and the competitiveness of higher education, it is bound to put more focus on both the managing and cost efficiency. This research adopts the efficiency-measuring mode of Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) to weigh the conditions of managing results and efficiency fluctuations¡]the fluctuation of Malmquist productivity¡^of 51 national universities in Taiwan from year 2001 to 2004. The conclusion of obtaining is as follows: From the aspect of managing efficiency, National Chiao Tung University and National Dong Hwa University perform the best among the general universities; as for the technological universities and vocational colleges, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology and National Chin-Yi Institute of Technology perform the best. The lacks of valid managements in resource usages causes the technical inefficiencies; the general universities performed like the technological and vocational colleges were rather similar and relatively inefficient from the year 2001 to 2004. The reasons of inefficiency came from the technological efficiency of bad management with reached the scale efficiency of the best scale at the same time. The Malmquist indices of National Tsing Hua University and National Taichung University were more than 1 from the year 2001 to 2004; as for the technological and vocational colleges, the Malmquist indices of National Tai-Chung Institute of Technology, National Taichung Nursing College, National Taiwan Junior College of Performing Arts, and National Tainan Institute of Nursing were more than 1 as well. There is a decline trend gradually of productivity in 2001-2004 in both the general universities and technological and vocational colleges, it was mainly that the production technology efficiency retrogresses. Finally, implementing college affair funds may be still affected by other external objective environments, the one of great impact among them: external parameters, such as size of the school, the history of the school, and the location of the school. Through the regression analysis, there are strong correlation between campus size and management efficiency for the general universities; however, not between history and location of the school. On the other hand, the technological and vocational colleges, do not have dominance to whole efficiency value. From the analysis, we can understand the over-all performing, efficiency of the universities in Taiwan. The fund governors should manage and advent different efficiencies with various methods in order to promote the managing efficiency of the whole. KEY WORDS¡GCollege affair funds Efficient evaluation Data envelopment analysis Malmquist index.

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In the past few years, the prominent achievement of economy in Taiwan has been called the ¡§ Taiwan Experience¡¨ or ¡§The Miracle of Economy¡¨. Urban is not only the place that people gather to take economic activities and live in groups, but also the area that produce and consume goods. Now the modern economy has expanded as the type of urban economic. Nowadays, service industry which has been the major industry during the transition of industrial structure in Taiwan could be an illustration that Taiwan is in the age of Service Economy, the functions of a city are going to be more various and delicate, and the division of industry is tending to be more professional. Though the service industry that just serves customers in the past can¡¦t totally meet the needs of the public, the growth of its high specialization and output value bridges the gap for the problems resulted from the manufacturing industry. Most important, the producer service industry has become the main industry in the world. The purpose of this research is to understand the development in the present and tendency of producer service industry, and also to measure the space efficiency of producer service industry in 22 counties for three years by Data Envelopment Analysis(DEA). The research is divided into five parts: the first part includes research structure and literature review. The second part is to discuss and figure out the theory of DEA. The third part is to analyze the transition and development of producer service in present days. In the fourth part of the research measures the efficiency of producer service industry in 22 counties, in the mean time it estimates the relation of among efficiency, agglomerate economy, city scale, public investment, and the development of other industries by regression analysis and chi-square test. Then the conclusions and recommendations would be discussed to government that makes the plans of economy industry policy and the development of producer service industry. The conclusions of this research are: 1.The producer service industry in Taiwan grows rapidly, and the industry gathers in Taipei city which Location Quotient is more than one . In addition, Taipei city plays the most role for industry¡¦s output value, the numbers of employees and factories Moreover, the producer service industry in Taipei Metropolitan Area and other Metropolitan city gradually grows. Furthermore, the industry is expanding to the nearby metropolitan gradually. 2.The producer service industry and the industries in the producer service industry are influenced by Forward Linkage Effect. This shows that the industry grows rapidly following other industries development during the development of economy. 3.The producer service industry in Taipei city shows the excellent space efficiency. On the other hand, the some of 22 cities areas showed efficiency from 1986 to 1991, and the nearby metropolitan area also showed efficiency in 1996, especially in Taipei metropolitan area and in Kaohsiung metropolitan area. 4.The space efficiency of producer service industry shows remarkable relation with city scale, agglomerate economy and public investment. Additionally, the producer service industry also has the close relation with manufacturing industry and non-producer service industry during the development of industry.

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Abstract Promoting management efficiency is always a big concern either to profit-making or non-profit-making organizations. An efficient firm indicates that the leader manages well. To a profit-making unit, the term ¡§efficiency¡¨ means ¡§rapid production¡¨, ¡§the offer of distribution¡¨ and ¡§related services¡¨ which could save time and the good use of manpower and resources are also included. Therefore, the promotion of management efficiency becomes an important issue for the organization to survive successfully and to fight with other competitors. This study was to present the evaluation of management efficiency of some commercial banks in Taiwan. Some factors were selected as the ¡§input items¡¨ and ¡§output items¡¨from the financial reports of these commercial banks in Taiwan from 1999 to 2001. It evaluated the efficiency performance of these commercial banks according to the evaluation theory of Farrell and Data Envelopment Analysis. The relative efficiency in the process of the transferring from ¡§input items¡¨ to ¡§output items¡¨ was also concerned. From the changes in ¡§input items¡¨, it could show how efficiency value changes. By these two analyses (Slack Variables Analysis and Scale Efficiency Analysis), the results could show a direction in order to improve the efficiency of all these commercial banks. 38 commercial banks were selected and evaluated in this research. The information collected from financial reports was to construct a model in order to evaluate management efficiency of all subjects. This investigation involved ¡§overall efficiency ¡¨, ¡§overall technical efficiency¡¨, ¡§pure technical efficiency¡¨, ¡§scale efficiency¡¨, and ¡§allocative efficiency ¡¨. Apart from these calculation, all subjects were grouped into three parties: namely ¡§old commercial banks¡¨, ¡§new commercial banks¡¨ and ¡§commercial banks upgraded from credit cooperative¡¨; by cross and vertical analysis the result provided the comparison of management efficiency among these three groups. Using the CCR and BCC models, the overall efficiency value and technical efficiency became available. The Return to Scale was derived by the use of CCR model. The first finding from financial reports in 2001 showed that the top five as the most efficient banks among 38 subjects were Cathy United Bank, Taishin International Bank, Taipei Bank, Fubon Commercial Bank and Bank of Kaohsiung respectively. The bottom five subjects were Chung Shing Bank, Kao Shin Commercial Bank, Cota Commercial Bank, Pan Asia Bank and Union Bank of Taiwan. The Second finding showed that the ¡§old commercial banks¡¨ represented the highest efficiency value in the analysis, which was based on 2001 financial reports. Both the ¡§new commercial banks¡¨ and ¡§commercial banks upgraded from credit cooperative¡¨ had efficiency value, which was below the average efficiency value of all subjects. This was different from the result based on financial report in 2000, which showed that the ¡§new commercial banks¡¨ had the highest efficiency value. This represented the overall efficiency of the ¡§old commercial banks¡¨ was improving and that of the ¡§new commercial banks¡¨ was getting worse. Thirdly, through ¡§Slack Variables Analysis (SVA)¡¨, the result would indicate a direction for these ¡§less-efficient¡¨ subjects for improvement. The decision-maker could follow this direction to restructure or reallocate resources, and refer to the allocation of resources and strategies application of those subjects, which with overall efficiency, in order to improve its management efficiency and reach the optima production. The fourth, using "Analysis of Variance (ANOVA)" to test whether the efficiency values were different between these three groups. The result showed that the efficiency values between these three groups were significantly different in 2001. According to Scheffe's S method, the difference was derived from the scale efficiency between the groups of "new commercial banks" and "commercial banks upgraded from credit cooperative". Finally, according to the regression analysis, the result showed that the overall efficiency measure is negatively related to overdue loans but positively related to BIS ratio. The other items, such as the numbers of branch, the numbers of employee, capital and the numbers of ATM, which were non-related to the overall efficiency.

ABSTRACT Ministry of Economic Affairs (MOEA) launched technology development program in 1979 in order to develop industrial innovation technology and satisfy domestic economic development. In the Age of Knowledge Based Economics, the key factors of continuing growing up of nations are the energy of research and development (R&D) and innovation. From 1997, MOEA made technology development program open to companies, it is Industrial Technology Development Program (ITDP). In order to encourage private sector R&D and innovative activities, MOEA subsidizes companies reduce the risk and the cost of R&D and innovation. From the beginning of ITDP, it has made plenty of R&D outputs, but we have to evaluate the efficiency of R&D. In order to allocate government funds more efficient, we pay much attention to the performance of R&D projects. In order to understand government subsides industries, this thesis is trying to research the object of ITDP of MOEA. The research methodology applied to this thesis includes: the Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) to measure the R&D efficiency; model from Charnes, Cooper & Rhodes (1978) to measure the over-efficiency; model from the Banker, Charnes & Cooper (1984) to measure the technical efficiency, input/output slacks method to analyze the extent for which non-efficiency unit could be improved by decreasing the amount of inputs or increasing the amount of outputs, and sensitivity analysis to measure the key factors of ITDP R&D Projects. According to this thesis, we can evaluate the Decision Making Units (DMUs) and suggest the information to improve performance. Using these analyses as a reference to those project executives and administrators for controlling and management the performance of R&D projects.

Due to the National Immigration Agency going public, a large amount of foreign affairs policeman shifts there forward from local police bureau, hence brings about the shortage of local foreign affairs policeman in use. However, limited by the language specialty, it seems impossible to make up such a deficiency in a short time. This study aims to take an overview of the aftermath of this systematical manpower change, focusing on the specific influence which caused from the shortage of local foreign affairs policeman, and on whether the performance of local foreign affairs police in each city and country is negatively impacted as well. This study analyses the current performance status of local foreign affairs police in 22 cities and countries by means of ¡§Data Envelopment Analysis¡¨ (DEA), which mainly evaluate the efficiency of seizing related breach and crime by local foreign affairs police, and then probe into reasons of such kind of inefficiency if any. In so doing, this study might provide strategic improvement suggestions for those which have bad achievement. Based on the data of 22 cities and counties in 96 fiscal year, this study adopts diverse research methods of DEA, such as CCR, BCC, Efficiency of Scale¡BRTS¡BSBM¡BFDH¡BMALMQUIST INDEX, and then tries to offer positive suggestions according to the study outcomes, so as to promote the performance of those targeted districts.

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The desire is infinite, but the resources are limited. The relationship between fiscal decentralization and long-run economic growth is ambiguous. Several economists have made the case for fiscal decentralization as a means of promoting long-run economic growth based on the view that it leads to better resource allocation and a more productive, and possibly smaller, public sector. Countries have pursued decentralization policies both for political and developmental reasons. Fiscal decentralization, the allocation of tax and spending powers to lower levels of government, currently in vogue is based on notions of economic efficiency criteria. Although it is theoretically expected that decentralization leads to efficient provision of local public services and stimulates economic development, the theoretical underpinnings for this relationship remain largely undeveloped. The absence of an adequate theoretical framework has undermined the validity of the empirical work on this subject. Advocates of fiscal decentralization argue that among other benefits, it can increase the efficiency of delivery of government services. We use data from 23 counties (cities) of the Taiwan province. The empirical findings can be stated as follows. The primary finding is that the estimated coefficient on fiscal decentralization variable is positive and statistically significant . This finding provides evidence that fiscal decentralization contributes to economic growth. This paper is also one of the first to evaluate this claim empirically by looking at the association between expenditure decentralization and the efficiency of local government .We also provide evidence that expenditure (revenue) decentralization is a negative (positive) relation with the efficiency of local government. Further Tobit panel regression of 23 counties (cities) provide robust evidence that more decentralization is not associated with higher efficiency of local governments. Therefore that fiscal decentralization contributes to the efficiency of local governments is ambiguous in the previous period.