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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Peněžitý trest - jeho výhody, úskalí a aplikace / A pecuniary punishment - its advantages, drawbacks and application

Šeba, Jan January 2019 (has links)
In the Western States, a pecuniary punishment represents a proven alternative to (un)conditional imprisonment. By joint effort of the Supreme Public Prosecutor's Office and the Supreme Court, the pecuniary punishment has become a trend over the last few years also in the Czech Republic. Why should criminal justice bodies strive for more frequent imposition of the pecuniary punishment? In which cases is the pecuniary punishment an appropriate criminal sanction? And how is, or rather should be, the pecuniary punishment imposed and enforced? The submitted master's thesis draws attention to the obstacles of effective legal regulation and its inconsistent application. It deals with substantive and procedural aspects of the matter, relevant case law and statistical data. Conscious of the limits of comparisons in criminal law, the author also takes into account the law of Germany, Austria and the Netherlands. The first part of the thesis deals with the pecuniary punishment in general. The diploma candidate describes its purpose, position in the system of criminal sanctions and basic characteristics. A closer look is taken at the new way to satisfy the injured person, which was introduced on 1 January 2018 by Act No. 59/2017 Sb., on the use of financial resources from proprietary criminal sanctions imposed...
2

Le jour-amende en droit pénal français / The day-fine in the French penal law

Bioy, Hélène 07 February 2014 (has links)
Le jour-amende, introduit en France par la loi n°83-466 du 10 juin 1983, est une « peine pécuniairecorrectionnelle qui astreint le condamné à verser au Trésor public une somme, dont le montantglobal résulte de la détermination par le juge d'une contribution quotidienne pendant un certainnombre de jours, et qui peut être prononcée à la place de l'emprisonnement ou cumulativement ».Cette définition passe toutefois sous silence le second aspect de cette peine, dont la particularité,par rapport à l'amende ordinaire, réside dans la possibilité d'ordonner l'exécution d'une détentionpour une durée équivalente au nombre de jours-amende impayé. Cette sanction pénale est ainsicaractérisée par sa dualité matérielle, qui a conduit le législateur à lui attribuer un régime enapparente adéquation avec cette spécificité. Or, trente ans après sa consécration en France, lejour-amende peine à trouver sa place au sein du système répressif. Loin d'avoir satisfait auxespoirs portés par son introduction, dans un contexte de lutte contre les courtes peinesd'emprisonnement, le jour-amende semble se heurter à des difficultés liées à son fonctionnement.Sa dualité matérielle, qui est son atout majeur, a conduit à une réelle ambiguïté fonctionnelle. Uncertain nombre d'incohérences est à déplorer dans le système mis en place par le législateurfrançais. Ce constat, accentué par l'étude du droit comparé, conduit à la certitude que le jouramendedoit être réformé. Aussi, ce travail de recherche tend à élaborer un certain nombre depropositions pouvant servir de base à l'initiation d'une réflexion législative, en vue d'une réformequi semble indispensable. / The day-fine, introduced in France by law n°83-466 of 10 june 1983, is defined as « a fine thatrequires the convicted offender to pay the Treasury a sum of money which results from the judge'sdetermination of a daily contribution for a number of days, and which may be imposed instead of,or in addition to, imprisonment ». This definition ignores the second aspect of the penalty.Specifically, it is possible to order the detention for a period equivalent to the number of unpaidday-fines. This criminal sanction is thus characterized by its material duality which is consistentwith this apparent specificity. However, thirty years after its acceptance in France, it is clear that theday-fine is struggling to find its place within the law enforcement system. Far from having metexpectations when il was introduced, in a context of fighting against short prison sentences, theday-fine seems to be facing a number of difficulties relating to its functioning. Its material duality,which is the biggest advantage, has become a real functional ambiguity. Regrettably, there are anumber of inconsistencies in the legal system. This, highlighted by the study of comparative law,leads to the certainty that the day-fine must be reformed. Also, this research aims to formulate anumber of proposals which could be used as a basis for a debate and a reform that seemsnecessary

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