Daylight has a deteriorating effect on the museum objects. For this reason, usually museums totally block the daylight. This research is the part of restoration works of Kuwait National Museum (KNM), which was destroyed during the Gulf War in 1990. The purpose of this research is to investigate the lighting performance of the top lighting and side shading devices in KNM. This research will cover daylighting systems for Building 3 and 4 of the KNM. Daylighting systems are evaluated by using the scale model and Desktop RADIANCE, a lighting simulation program. This research will present how to make use of daylight in museum buildings while protecting museum objects from the harmful portion of daylight.

Daylight has a deteriorating effect on the museum objects. For this reason, usually museums totally block the daylight. This research is the part of restoration works of Kuwait National Museum (KNM), which was destroyed during the Gulf War in 1990. The purpose of this research is to investigate the lighting performance of the top lighting and side shading devices in KNM. This research will cover daylighting systems for Building 3 and 4 of the KNM. Daylighting systems are evaluated by using the scale model and Desktop RADIANCE, a lighting simulation program. This research will present how to make use of daylight in museum buildings while protecting museum objects from the harmful portion of daylight.

A novel and original category of low-cost static solar-daylighting-collectors named Keywo solar energy, solar collectors, daylighting systems, nonimaging optics, Refractive Integrated Nonimaging Solar Collectors (RINSC) has been designed and thoroughly tested. The RINSC category is based on nonimaging optics and integrates several optical elements, such as prismatic arrays and light guides, into a single-structured embodiment made of solid-dielectric material. The RINSC category is sub-divided in this thesis into four distinctive and original sub-categories/systems: Prismatic Solar Collectors (PSC), Multi-Prismatic Solar Collectors (MPSC), Integrated Multi-Prismatic Solar Collectors (IMPSC) and Vertically Integrated Nonimaging Solar Collectors (VINSC). The optical configuration and compact embodiment of these systems allows them to be integrated into a building façade without creating any protrusion, indicating that they can lead to solar collector systems with high building integration potential. Laboratory and outdoor experimental tests conducted with a series of demonstration prototypes made of clear polymethyl-methacrylate (PMMA) and manufactured by laser ablation process, yield peak transmission efficiencies TE varying from 2% to 8%. Computer simulations indicated that transmission efficiencies TE > 30% are possible. The design and development of the innovative optical systems introduced in this thesis were backed-up with extensive computer ray-tracing analysis, rapid-prototyping, laboratory and outdoor experimental tests. Injection moulding computer simulations and surface analysis concerning the development of the RINSC systems were also conducted. Basic theory and comprehensive literature review are presented. This research has also resulted in the design and prototyping of a novel optical instrumentation named Angular Distribution Imaging Device (ADID), specially developed to analyse the spatial distribution of light emerging from the exit aperture of solar collectors/concentrators. The systems and knowledge described in this thesis may find application in areas such as solar collector systems to harvest sunlight for natural illumination in buildings, solar-photovoltaic and solar-thermal.

Syfte: Det råder en utbredd bostadsbrist till följd av en ökad befolkningstillväxt och urbanisering i Sveriges städer och kommuner. För att hantera detta har stadsplaneringen förändrats till att förtäta staden och bygga inåt. Detta har resulterat i täta och höga byggnader med försämrade kvaliteter i form av mindre dagsljustillgång och begränsad utblick till det fria. Studier har visat på att dagsljus är av betydande roll för människors hälsa och i samband med detta har en kritik växt fram mot de föråldrade regelverk som behandlar dagsljus och en ny moderniserad standard har tillkommit. Dessutom har nya metoder tagits fram för att optimera energihushållningen och öka dagsljustillgången. Med detta känt är det intressant att utforska hur ett ökat bostadsbestånd kan möjliggöras utan på bekostnad av bostadens kvaliteter som dagsljus. Arbetet syftar till att undersöka vad en implementering av innovativa dagsljussystem kan medföra för svenska bostäder. Metod: Rapporten har inkluderat en dokumentanalys av olika innovativa dagsljussystem och fokusgrupp med yrkesverksamma för att utreda gestaltning av bostäder med avseende på dagsljus. Utifrån detta har en fallstudie utförts för att pröva implementering av innovativa dagsljussystem och vilka konsekvenser som medföljer. Resultat: Genom att kunna styra tillförseln av dagsljus kunde bostadens funktioner disponeras annorlunda. Ett innovativt dagsljussystem i form av en ljustunnel kunde föras in i en svensk byggnad och tillföra dagsljus till de mörka utrymmen i bostaden. Detta i sin tur tillåter en ombyggnad av lokaler som förlorat sitt syfte och funktion. Innovativa dagsljussystem är ett alternativ för att öka dagsljustillgången. För att se fördelarna för ett sådant system ur ett utformningsperspektiv krävs det en omvärdering av de nuvarande dagsljuskraven. En omprövning av kraven anses även kunna förebygga bristande kvaliteter i kommande bebyggelse. Konsekvenser: Det finns brister i dagens regelverk för dagsljus som förhindrar nya utformningsalternativ där bostadens kvaliteter tas tillvara. Byggnader som förlorat sin funktion kan med en ny teknik återfå sitt syfte. En moderniserad tolkning och en ny teknik för dagsljus är därmed ett sätt att uppnå hållbar stadsförtätning. Begränsningar: Studien är avgränsad till att endast behandla ett analysobjekt vilket gör arbetet mindre generaliserbart däremot är majoriteten av förutsättningarna för objektet generella i form av regelverk och bostadens kvaliteter. / Purpose: There is a housing shortage taking place in the municipalities and cities of Sweden due to an increased population and urbanization. To manage this, the urban planning has been altered and transformed into densifying the cities. The result of this strategy is dense and tall buildings with insufficient qualities such as daylighting and view out. Studies have shown that daylight is of importance for the human health, in correlation to this the criticism against the old-fashioned daylight regulations have increased and a new set have been introduced. In addition, new methods have been developed to optimize the energy balance and to increase the daylighting. By acknowledging these factors, it is of great importance to study how an increased housing stock can be made without the expense of the daylighting quality of a dwelling. The report aims to study what an implementation of innovative daylighting systems can carry out for dwellings in Sweden. Method: A secondary data analysis was conducted of innovative daylighting systems. This was made in combination with a focus group which involved professional experienced participants to review the design of dwellings in consideration of daylight. Based on the result of the methods mentioned above a case study was conducted to examine the consequences of an innovative daylighting system. Findings: By controlling the daylight supply, the functions of a dwelling could be situated differently. An IDS in the shape of a light-pipe was a suitable solution for a dwelling made accordingly to Swedish standards and provided daylight to the less illuminated areas of the apartment. With this solution a refurbishment of a complex building was made possible. As for the IDS, it is considered as an option for increasing the daylight supplement. To acknowledge further positive outcomes with the system from a design perspective, a reassessment of the current daylight regulations must be done. A re-evaluation of the regulations is considered to prevent the exploitation insufficient dwellings. Implications: The current daylight regulation is not sufficient. This prevents the opportunity to establish new design concepts which considers the quality of the dwelling. With new technology complex and empty buildings can be re-done and acquire a new purpose. A modernized interpretation and a new technology for daylight is thereby an option for achieving a sustainable urban densification. Limitations: The study is limited to only assess one building which decreases its ability to be commonly accepted. However, the majority of the buildings prerequisites are common as they apply to regulations and qualities of a dwelling.