In biomedical applications, magnetic nanoparticles have been used as they offer attractive possibilities. First, they have controllable sizes ranging from a few nanometers up to tens of nanometers and second, the nanoparticles are magnetic and magnetic fields can penetrate into human tissue which means that they can be manipulated by an external magnetic field gradient. In this study, Fe

Magnetic nanoparticles find broad applications in biomedical field such as drug delivery, hyperthermia and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). For these applications magnetic nanoparticles need to be coated with suitable materials which are soluble, biocompatible and nontoxic. Among these materials, silica is the most often used coating material. This thesis is focused on preparation of silica coated iron oxide magnetic nanoparticles. Magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles are synthesized by thermal decomposition method. In the presence of iron acetylacetonate Fe(acac)3, a high boiling point organic solvent and a reducing agent, particle sizes ranging from about 5 nm to 7 nm were obtained. Nanoparticles were characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The obtained nanoparticles were coated with ultra thin silica shell via reverse microemulsion method. The influence of the amount of Igepal CO-520, NH4OH and TEOS was studied systematically and their amounts were optimized to yield monodisperse and well defined particles. The size of the silica coated magnetic nanoparticles and their agglomerates were determined by TEM images and particle size analyzer (zeta sizer). X-Ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) was used to confirm the presence of silica whenever the coating could not be seen by TEM measurements. Magnetic nanoparticles having 4-6 nm thickness of silica shell were obtained. The results showed that the amount of surfactant Igepal CO-520 played an important role in the reaction system.

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The direct sum decomposition of tensor products for SU(3) has many applications in physics, and the problem has been studied extensively. This has resulted in many decomposition methods, each with its advantages and disadvantages. The description given here is geometric in nature and it describes both the constituents of the direct sum and their multiplicities. In addition to providing decompositions of specific tensor products, this approach is very well suited to studying tensor products as the parameters vary, and drawing general conclusions. After a description and proof of the method, several applications are discussed and proved. The decompositions are also studied further for the special cases of tensor products of an irreducible representation with itself or with its conjugate. In particular, questions regarding multiplicities are considered. As an extension of this diagrammatic method, the repeated tensor product of N copies of the fundamental representation is studied, and a method for its decomposition is provided. Again, questions regarding multiplicities are considered.

Economic growth is the increase in the inflation-adjusted market value of the goods and services produced by an economy over time. The total output is the quantity of goods or servicesproduced in a given time period within a country. Sweden was affected by two crises during the period 2000-2010: a dot-com bubble and a financial crisis. How did these two crises affect the economic growth?     The changes of domestic output can be separated into four parts: changes in intermediate demand, final domestic demand, export demand and import substitution. The main purpose of this article is to analyze the economic growth during the period 2000-2010, with focus on the dot-com bubble in the beginning of the period 2000-2005, and the financial crisis at the end of the period 2005-2010. The methodology to be used is the structural decomposition method.     This investigation shows that the main contributions to the Swedish total domestic output increase in both the period 2000-2005 and the period 2005-2010 were the effect of domestic demand. In the period 2005-2010, financial crisis weakened the effect of export. The output of the primary sector went from a negative change into a positive, explained mainly by strong export expansion. In the secondary sector, export had most effect in the period 2000-2005. Nevertheless, domestic demand and import ratio had more effect during the financial crisis period. Lastly, in the tertiary sector, domestic demand can mainly explain the output growth in the whole period 2000-2010.

The direct sum decomposition of tensor products for SU(3) has many applications in physics, and the problem has been studied extensively. This has resulted in many decomposition methods, each with its advantages and disadvantages. The description given here is geometric in nature and it describes both the constituents of the direct sum and their multiplicities. In addition to providing decompositions of specific tensor products, this approach is very well suited to studying tensor products as the parameters vary, and drawing general conclusions. After a description and proof of the method, several applications are discussed and proved. The decompositions are also studied further for the special cases of tensor products of an irreducible representation with itself or with its conjugate. In particular, questions regarding multiplicities are considered. As an extension of this diagrammatic method, the repeated tensor product of N copies of the fundamental representation is studied, and a method for its decomposition is provided. Again, questions regarding multiplicities are considered.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Mathematics, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2008. / Committee Chair: Thomas, Robin; Committee Co-Chair: Cook, William J.; Committee Member: Dvorak, Zdenek; Committee Member: Parker, Robert G.; Committee Member: Yu, Xingxing.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Texas at Austin, 2004. / Supervisors: James W. Fredrickson and Gautam Ahuja. Vita. Includes bibliographical references.

Esta tese tem o objetivo de apresentar um modelo matemático, para simular a dispersão de poluentes na atmosfera, que considera a variação temporal do campo de vento e dos coeficientes de difusão turbulenta, além disso, representar uma fonte móvel através de fontes pontuais. Sendo assim, usa-se a ideia do método da decomposição de Adomian e a técnica GILTT (Generalized Integral Laplace Transform Technique) no intuito de resolver a equação de advecção difusão, a qual descreve o fenômeno citado. Ainda, implementa-se o modelo proposto com o conjunto de dados do experimento de OLAD (Over Land Alongwind Dispersion) e, por fim, comparam-se os resultados obtidos e os dados de concentração coletados no experimento mencionado. / This thesis aims to present a mathematical model to simulate the dispersion of pollutants in the atmosphere, which considers the temporal variation of the wind field and the eddy diffusivity. Moreover, it represents a moving source through point sources. To reach this goal, it uses the idea of the Adomian decomposition method together with the GILTT technique (Generalized Integral Laplace Transform Technique) in order to solve the advection-diffusion equation, which describes the phenomenon. It further implements the model proposed with the dataset of OLAD (Dispersion Over Land Alongwind) experiment and finally the results obtained and the concentration observed are compared.

Esta tese tem o objetivo de apresentar um modelo matemático, para simular a dispersão de poluentes na atmosfera, que considera a variação temporal do campo de vento e dos coeficientes de difusão turbulenta, além disso, representar uma fonte móvel através de fontes pontuais. Sendo assim, usa-se a ideia do método da decomposição de Adomian e a técnica GILTT (Generalized Integral Laplace Transform Technique) no intuito de resolver a equação de advecção difusão, a qual descreve o fenômeno citado. Ainda, implementa-se o modelo proposto com o conjunto de dados do experimento de OLAD (Over Land Alongwind Dispersion) e, por fim, comparam-se os resultados obtidos e os dados de concentração coletados no experimento mencionado. / This thesis aims to present a mathematical model to simulate the dispersion of pollutants in the atmosphere, which considers the temporal variation of the wind field and the eddy diffusivity. Moreover, it represents a moving source through point sources. To reach this goal, it uses the idea of the Adomian decomposition method together with the GILTT technique (Generalized Integral Laplace Transform Technique) in order to solve the advection-diffusion equation, which describes the phenomenon. It further implements the model proposed with the dataset of OLAD (Dispersion Over Land Alongwind) experiment and finally the results obtained and the concentration observed are compared.