This diploma thesis deals with a defect detection with X-rays in the manufacturing procedure in the electrotechnical field. The work summarises the knowledge about technical possibilities of an X-ray device Cougar of YXlon company. Part of the work is focusing on scanning in 2D, 3D visualization and automatic analysis. The thesis describes inspection methods of a connector connection, the quality of a soldered joint and an encapsulated product.

Baigiamajame darbe išnagrinėtos kompozitnės medžiagos jų charakteristikos ir ypatybės. Išnagrinėtas kompozitinių medžiagų panaudojimas aviacinių konstrukcijų gamybai.Išnagrinėti galimi defektai bei jų atsiradimo priežastis. Aptarti ultragarsinės neardomosios kontrolės principai, bei pritaikymas kompozitinių medžiagų ir konstrukcijų tyrimui. Išanalizuotos frontalinio echoskopinio vaizdo formavimo ypatybės ir jų pritaikymas medžiagos struktūrinei analizei. Išnagrinėti veiksniai įtakojantis ultragarsinio vaizdo sudarymo kokybę, bei sudaryta FVE struktūrinė schema. Sudarytas defekto atpažinimo algoritmas kurio realizavimas parodytas pasitelkiant Matlab programinį paketą. Pateikti pasiūlymai sistemos panaudojimui bei tolimesniam jos vystymui. / In this work examined composite materials, their characteristics and features. Examined the use of composite materials to aircraft structures manufacturing. Examined the potential defects and their occurrence causes. Discuss ultrasonic non-destructive control principles and applications of composite materials and structures research. We analyzed the formation of frontal acoustic scenery features and adaptability for material structural analysis. Examine the factors influencing the quality of ultrasound imaging and created structural diagram of acoustic scenery formation. Created the defect detection algorithm and demonstrated through the realization of the Matlab software package. Proposals for the use of the system and its further development.

This diploma thesis resolves aplication of particular non-destructive testing methods while producing castings of steel wheels and quality control of this process. There are described fundamentals of flaw detection, determination of flaw-generation cause and suggestions for optimalization of casting process and increasing of its quality.

A lot of production lines contain camera inspection systems that increase quality of production. Therefore this presented work deals with applications of computer image processing methods in defectoscopy. Concretely the thesis is concerned with defects evaluation of glass bottles in food operations by the help of visual system BTCAM612, which is in existing configuration installed inland and in several foreign countries. The system is developed in conjunction with developer company CAMEA Ltd. from Brno and it is its sole ownership. The whole process of bottles inspection is described in sequence. First of all it is the hardware acquisition of images of three main controlled parts of bottles – neck, bottom and side. Next chapters are concentrated on image processing and features classification. The features are obtained from image by methods based on detection of in-homogeneities on glass material. Essential part of work is focused on filtration of synthetic patterns from bottles bottoms using function of complex invariants. These patterns are occurred especially in many plants in eastern countries, where marketplace with inspection systems and generally with quality inspection of industrial lines is expanded lately.

The dissertation thesis deals with the study of non-destructive acoustic methods as instruments for monitoring and analysing corrosion of reinforcing steel in reinforced concrete elements. Four acoustic methods were selected for this task - the impact-echo method, the nonlinear acoustic spectroscopy method, the acoustic emission method, and the ultrasonic pulse velocity method. To verify the functionality of these methods, testing was carried out on three sets of reinforced concrete samples that had been exposed to the effects of sodium chloride, which corroded the embedded steel reinforcement in these samples. Suitable parameters were proposed for individual acoustic methods to monitor corrosion of the reinforcements. In addition, experiments were designed to demonstrate the ability of the selected acoustic methods to reveal the corrosion of steel reinforcement and its influence on the concrete matrix and to assess the condition of the degraded elements and structures. The analysis of the measurement results based on their comparison shows the advantages and disadvantages of the individual methods and of their practical applications. To verify the results, correlation with common methods that are currently used for the study of corrosion was carried out and included for example the electrical resistivity measurement of the reinforcement and simultaneous monitoring of the sample surface using a confocal microscope to record the development of microcracks during the degradation.