Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited / Exploring semiconductor lifetime, reliability and performance is a never-ending science for today's modern electronics. One significant problem that affects all of these areas is radiation-induced damage. Making calculations to determine how semiconductor devices will hold up in radiation-harsh environments has to be achieved in order to determine system lifetime once placed in their operational capacity. Today's high-technology investments in such areas as satellite design, medical advances, military and commercial hardware, demand thorough understanding in radiation damage. Modeling semiconductor devices with computer-based simulation will provide a cost and time savings over a repetitive design and testing sequence. This thesis models and simulates an industry standard solar cell and a light emitting diode (LED), using the SILVACO ATLASTM computer-based program. Using this software, these simulations are generated based on known radiation-induced defects on gallium arsenide (GaAs) semiconductive devices derived from Deep Level Transient Spectroscopy (DLTS) studies. A comparison is then made with another radiation-induced damage prediction method, known as Non-Ionizing Energy Loss (NIEL), to see if the SILVACO ATLASTM models can be used as an alternative. / Lieutenant, United States Navy

A calorimeter was constructed for the determination of heat capacities of solids from 1.5 to 84 K. Results from this and other calorimeters are discussed, on bis(adiponitrile)copper(I) nitrate and tetramethylammonium trichloromanganate(II) ("TMMC") from 1.5 to 300 K, and on β-modification metal-free, copper(II), and nickel(II) phthalocyanines from under 5 to 80 K. Bis(adiponitrile)copper(I) nitrate has not-very-pronounced heat capacity maxima at 51 and 63 K. The total molar anomalous entropy change is estimated as between 1/2 R1n2 and R1n2. A previous assertion by X-ray crystallographers (Bull.Chem.Soc. Japan, <strong>32</strong>, 1221 (1959)) that the nitrate ions are disordered among four orientations at room temperature is not supported by these results or by consideration of structure factors or of the potential field on the nitrate ions. The TMMC heat capacity results are consistent with those given in Solid State Comm., <strong>15</strong>, 1185 (1974) and Phys.Rev. B, <strong>12</strong>, 5858 (1975). The anomalous molar entropy change associated with the monoclinic-hexagonal transition at 126 K is estimated as R1n2.8, of which 1/3 occurs between 124 and 127 K; it is suggested that the NC₄ tetrahedra undergo twofold disordering and that the H atoms also undergo some disordering. The heat capacities of the copper and nickel phthalocyanines are surprisingly different from each other, especially below 25K, where the former is markedly lower except for two first-order transitions at about 9-13K with a total molar entropy change of not less than approximately R1n4. Magnetic and Schottky anomalies are, apparently, not involved in either material; perhaps the transitions in copper phthalocyanine involve disordering of the copper ions among four positions in the plane of each molecule. Below 8 K, the heat capacities of copper and metal-free (but not nickel) phthalocyanine apparently obey the T³ law.

The first theme which I focus on, is the life and work of the violin maker Václav Lanc. I explain his theories and methods of the violin building and setting up. I also approximate the luthiers craft and details of the string instruments construction. Then I write about the development of violin making in the Czech republic and also in the World and I emphasize the historical consequences. Finally I deal with the string musical instruments which are used at the basic music schools. The purpose is to minimize the problems, which teachers and pupils have with the daily maintenance and with setting up of the violin. At the end, for the youngest pupils, I dedicate the "Ten commandments" - How they should to look after their musical instruments. Keywords The building, the set up, the defects.

I have chosen" The legal consequences of defects of marriage in Czech and English law" as the topic of my thesis for several reasons. A new statute No. 89/2012 Sb. will enter into effect on January 1st 2014 and will newly regulate the area of family law in a comprehensive manner. The general public and lawyers are not fully aware of the new legal regulation and therefore I would like to outline the new regulation focusing on legal consequences of defects of marriage. The purpose of my thesis is to compare the legal consequences of defects of marriage in Czech and English law and to point out the fundamental differences in both legal systems. The chapters dealing with Czech legal regulation are based on valid but not effective statute, No. 89/2012 Sb., the Civil Code. The chapters presenting English legal regulation are based exclusively on effective statutes. The thesis compares the two legal systems in the area of legal consequences of defects of marriage. The English legislation is more extensive and detailed. I was introduced to the English legislation during the exchange study programme on Northumbria University in Newcastle, UK. The Northumbria University unlike Charles University attaches to study of nullity law high importance. The nullity law is considered to be a building block of family...

A dissertation submitted to the Faculty of Engineering, University of the Wttwatersrand, Johannesburg, in fulfilment of th e degree of Master of science in Engineering Johannesburg 1988 / This dissertation addresses the question of the fracture behaviour of notched concrete and mortar beams. The major purpose of the work was to study the development of the micro-cracked zone and identify the point at which main crack growth began, and thus to characterise concrete and mortar at the start of main crack growth. Notched concrete and mortur beams of width 100 mm, depth either 200 mm or 300 nun, and with a span/depth ratio of three, were tested. Measurements of midspan deflection, midspan load, surface displacements across the fracturing section and ultrasonic pulse transit time were made. Ordinary Portland cement and mineral aggregates were used for the concrete and mortar beams. The J'■integral, surface displacements across the fracturing section and ultrasonic pulse transit time measurements were used to detect the onset of main crack growth. It was found that a reduction in the load carrying capacity of concrete and mortar is possible due to micro-cracking only. The value of the J-integral at the start of main crack growth was found to be essentially the same for concrete and mortar. The value of the J-integral at the start of micro-cracking was ■ < found to be essentially the same for concrete and mortar, and about 40% of the value of the J-integral at the start of main crack growth. The value of the J-integral at the start of micro-cracking and at the start of main crack growth was found, on average, to increase for an increase in beam depth. Surface displacements across the fracturing section showed the tension zone at the start of main crack growth to be approximately twice the size of the compression zone for both concrete and mortar. The'size of the micro-cracked zone, as determined from surface displacements across the fracturing section, was found to be 42% of the residual ligament depth for concrete, and 41% of the residual ligament depth for mortar. Scatter in the results was found to be considerable, thus meaning that only general trends could be identified

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by Siu-Chung Wong. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1988. / Bibliography: leaves 98-102.

This thesis presents work undertaken using Synchrotron and Laboratory based techniques in parallel on the Chemical State and Luminescence Imaging of Natural and Synthetic Diamond. X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) techniques have revealed information on the chemical structure and bonding within brown and variegated type Ia, IIa, CVD and high-pressure, high-temperature (HPHT) treated diamonds. XAS, Raman, X-ray Excited Optical Luminescence (XEOL) and Photoluminescence (PL) are some of the techniques that have been applied to characterise and investigate the cause of the brown colouration. The XAS measurements have been undertaken in imaging mode with the capabilities of correlating the luminescence image with the brown regions in partial luminescence yield (PLY) and total luminescence yield (TLY). OD-XAS spectrums have been obtained at non-brown and brown regions and have revealed a higher concentration of sp2-bonded carbon present at the brown sites. Raman spectroscopy utilized in imaging mode also supports this discovery.

The aim of this thesis is to provide insight into the structures and properties of the uranium oxides. As UO2 is easily oxidised during the nuclear fuel cycle it is important to have a detailed understanding of the structures and properties of the oxidation products. Experimental work over the years has revealed many stable oxides including UO2, U4O9, U3O7, U2O5, U3O8 and UO3, all with a number of different polymorphs. The oxides are broadly split into two categories, fluorite-based structures with stoichiometries in the range of UO2 to U2O5 and less dense layered-type structures with stoichiometries in the range of U2O5 to UO3. While UO2 is well characterised, both experimentally and computationally, there is a paucity of data concerning higher stoichiometry oxides in the literature. Experiments and simulations are emerging that deal with individual phases, however a comprehensive study that assesses the properties of all polymorphs and provides comparison over the full range of stoichiometries has been lacking from the literature First the nuclear fuel cycle is introduced, as well as UO2 as a nuclear fuel (Chapter 1), before the quantum mechanical methodology used throughout is explained (Chapter 2). Applying a number of different density functionals (including GGAs, meta-GGAs and hybrids) to UO2 in Chapter 3 it emerges that the PBE + U formalism reproduces the experimentally observed properties to a good degree of accuracy, and so is selected for the rest of the simulations. Following this Chapter 4 examines defect clusters in UO2, finding split interstitials to dominate at low stoichiometry (UO2 – UO2.0625), chains of 2:2:2 Willis clusters at higher stoichiometry (UO2.125 – UO2.25 (U4O9)) and split quad interstitials at higher stoichiometry (UO2.33 (U3O7)). Chapter 5 is an investigation of layered U2O5, where it emerges that the Np2O5 structure is more stable than δ-U2O5 and all uranium ions are in the U5+ oxidation state. Next Chapter 6 considers layered U3O8, which is structurally oxygen rich U2O5, where it is found that U5+ and U6+ ions exist in pentagonal bipyramidal and octahedral coordination respectively. The final set of results in Chapter 7 concern the polymorphs of UO3, where it is found that U6+ adopts a range of coordination environments and the predicted relative stability of each modification matches well with experiment. Finally the conclusions are presented in Chapter 8 along with plans for future work.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Materials Science and Engineering, 1980. / MICROFICHE COPY AVAILABLE IN ARCHIVES AND SCIENCE. / Vita. / Includes bibliographical references. / by James David Hodge. / Ph.D.