CoordenaÃÃo de AperfeiÃoamento de Pessoal de NÃvel Superior / O desenvolvimento sustentÃvel (DS) tem sido amplamente debatido por governos e sociedade civil nos paÃses industrializados e em desenvolvimento. A matÃria engloba questÃes complexas que devem ser tratadas de forma multidisciplinar, dado que os estudos, o planejamento e as aÃÃes devem acontecer em um contexto abrangente e sistÃmico. Este trabalho tem como finalidade propor uma metodologia que verifique o processo de qualquer projeto rumo ao desenvolvimento sustentÃvel, possibilitando assim conhecer os seus limites, por meio do cÃlculo de seu Ãndice e grau de sustentabilidade obtidos por quatro escopos â indicadores ambientais, sociais, econÃmicos e institucionais. A pesquisa foi bibliogrÃfica utilizando-se do mÃtodo sistÃmico. Para se conhecer a efetividade da proposta houve a aplicaÃÃo no projeto Cultivo de Algas Vermelhas, no distrito de Flecheiras, litoral oeste do Estado do CearÃ. A problemÃtica ambiental, embora seja comum a toda humanidade, existem diferentes maneiras de se vivenciar as relaÃÃes sociedade-natureza, por comportar diferentes grupos sociais e para cada grupo as questÃes temporal e espacial serem Ãnicas. EntÃo, o grande desafio do DS Ã como conseguir suficiÃncia, seguranÃa e vida boa para todos (desenvolvimento) dentro de regras e limites do ambiente biofÃsico (sustentabilidade). Nesse sentido, a efetividade do DS precisa estar pautada dentro dos seus prÃprios limites e os indicadores, como forma de avaliaÃÃo, podem identificar o grau de sustentabilidade a que se propÃe chegar e possibilitar um melhor conhecimento da relaÃÃo sociedade-natureza de hoje, e melhores aÃÃes para o amanhÃ. / Sustainable Development (SD) has been widely debated by government and civil society in industrialized and developing countries. The matter gathers complex question that must be treated in a multidisciplinar way, given that the studies, the plans and the actions should happen in a wide and systemic context. This thesis aims to propose a methodology that verifies the process of any project towards sustainable development, making possible to discover its limits by means of calculating its rate and degree of sustainability obtained by four scopes - environmental, social, economical and institutional indicators. The research was bibliographical, using the systemic method. To get to know the effectiveness of the proposal, there was an application in the project âCultivation of Red Algaeâ, in the city of Flecheiras, western coast of the state of CearÃ. Environmental problems, though common to all mankind, are experienced in different society-nature relationships, as different social groups are involved and temporal and spatial matters are unique for each group. So, the biggest challenge for SD is how to get sufficiency, security and good life for everyone (development) within rules and limits of the biophysical environment (sustainability). In this sense, the effectiveness of the SD needs to be put into its own limits and the indicators, as evaluation means, may identify the degree of sustainability which we aim and make possible a better knowledge of the society-nature relationship nowadays, and better actions for tomorrow.

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento CientÃfico e TecnolÃgico / O estudo avaliou a sustentabilidade do Programa de Peixamento do Governo do Estado do Cearà em coleÃÃes de Ãguas pÃblicas no municÃpio de CanindÃ-CE. Para isso, realizou-se uma pesquisa quantitativa e de levantamento. Na abordagem quantitativa empregaram-se instrumentos estatÃsticos, tanto na coleta quanto no tratamento dos dados. A pesquisa de levantamento foi efetivada com a aplicaÃÃo de questionÃrios semi-estruturados a 72 famÃlias beneficiÃrias, do municÃpio supracitado, e aos tÃcnicos executores do programa. Utilizou-se a estatÃstica descritiva para traÃar o perfil dos beneficiados e foram consideradas quatro dimensÃes (social, ambiental, econÃmica e institucional) para o cÃlculo dos Ãndices de sustentabilidade e para a determinaÃÃo do grau de sustentabilidade. Com isso, observou-se que no municÃpio de Canindà o Programa de Peixamento està direcionado a um pÃblico-alvo que possui: um baixo grau de escolaridade ou nenhuma instruÃÃo, uma idade mÃdia de 49 anos, uma forte tradiÃÃo nas suas ocupaÃÃes e que tem a pesca como atividade complementar. Os valores calculados para os Ãndices social, ambiental, econÃmico e institucional, respectivamente, foram: 0,562, 0,563, 0,343, e 0,652. Desta forma, determinou-se que o Programa, dentro da classificaÃÃo prÃ-determinada, apresenta um nÃvel de sustentabilidade mÃdia, significando que ainda hà condiÃÃes dele ser aperfeiÃoado no sentido de aumentar o seu Ãndice de Sustentabilidade para bom ou excelente. / The study evaluated the sustainability of the Fishing Program of the Government of the State of Cearà in public water collections in the city of CanindÃ-CE. For this study, both a quantitative research and a survey were carried through. In the quantitative approach statistical instruments were used, both in the gathering and in the treatment of the data. The survey was accomplished with the application of half-structuralized questionnaires to the seventy-two beneficiary families from the city mentioned above and the technicians involved in the program as well. It was used descriptive statistics to trace the profile of the beneficiaries and four main dimensions had been considered (social, environmental, economical and institutional) in order to calculate the indexes of sustainability and the determination of the sustainability degree. It was observed that in the city of Canindà the Fishing Program is directed to a target-public having the following features: low degree of education or illiterate, an average age of 49 years old, strong tradition in their occupations and having fishing as a complementary activity. The values calculated for the social, environmental, economical and institutional indexes, respectively, had been: 0,562, 0,563, 0,343, and 0,652. So that, it was determined that the Program, considering the predetermined classification, presents a medium level of sustainability meaning that it still has conditions to be improved in order to increase its Index of Sustainability to good or excellent.

Dans le présent travail, le concept de durabilité a été redéfini pour que la compréhension commune puisse être garantie. Un modèle d'évaluation du degré de durabilité d'une chaîne logistique existante a été conçu par la suite. Ce modèle a été testé de façon empirique à travers une étude de cas. En appliquant l'amélioration continue, il faut que cette évaluation soit suivie d'un processus de reconception de la chaîne logistique en question. Cependant, Il est important qu'une évaluation des risques soit réalisée auparavant. Pour cette raison, un modèle de quantification des risques a été développé. Le modèle peut considérer soit les risques débouchant sur une reconception, soit les risques dus à une reconception. Une étude de cas basée sur les risques débouchant sur une reconception de la chaîne logistique a été mise en place pour prouver l'applicabilité du modèle dans un environnement réel. Les résultats qui découlent du modèle doivent être considérés comme étant une aide à la décision / Ln the present work, the sustainabillty concept has been redeflned so that common understanding can be guaranteed. Subsequently, a model intended to evaluate an existent supply chain's overall degree of sustainability has been developed and empirically tested through a case study. Considering the approach of continuous improvement, this evaluation should be followed by a redesign of the considered supply chain. However, a risk assessment needs to be done ex-ante. Forthis reason, a risk Identification and quantification model has been evolved. This model may consider bath, the risks leading to the redesign process and the risks resultlng from the redesign phase. A case study, which considers the risks leading to a redesign phase, has been implemented so that the model's feasibility in a real business' environment can be proved. The model's outcomes must not be mistaken for ultimate results but need to be considered being a decision support for managers.