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SANTIAGO, J. de A. S. Macroalgas marinhas do litoral piauiense: taxonomia e caracterização molecular. 2016. 190 f. Tese (Doutorado em Ciências Marinhas Tropicais) - Universidade Federal do Ceará, Instituto de Ciências do Mar, Fortaleza, 2016. / Submitted by Geovane Uchoa (geovane@ufc.br) on 2016-06-24T15:01:37Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2016_tese_jdeassantiago.pdf: 209887149 bytes, checksum: 4a5105e9bb3aeaf0601d4fc5944aca92 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Nadsa Cid (nadsa@ufc.br) on 2016-06-24T16:20:34Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 2016_tese_jdeassantiago.pdf: 209887149 bytes, checksum: 4a5105e9bb3aeaf0601d4fc5944aca92 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-06-24T16:20:34Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2016_tese_jdeassantiago.pdf: 209887149 bytes, checksum: 4a5105e9bb3aeaf0601d4fc5944aca92 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016 / The state of Piauí has a coastline of only 66 km, making it the the state with the shortest coastline of the country. Included in this context, the beach rocks that occur in various parts of the coast. In order to contribute to the knowledge of marine macroalgae of the Parnaiba Delta Environmental Protection Area, it was proposed carrying out the floristic survey of the species of benthic macroalgae, aiming to characterize them, and clarify taxonomic delimitation, by means of morphological and molecular evidence. Sequences of plastid genes UPA and rbcL and of the mitochondrial gene cox1 were used for molecular characterization in Rhodophyta. In total were identified 57 species belonging to 15 orders, 20 families and 31 genus. The composition of taxa for Rhodophyta, Chlorophyta, and the class Phaeophyceae was 58%, 26% and 16%, respectively. Among the identified species, 28 taxa are cited for the first time for the state's coast, and one of these relates to a new species for the Brazilian coast. A total of 310 partial sequences of the three molecular markers tested in this work were obtained. From the 134 samples collected, 90 new sequences for the mitochondrial marker, cox1, and 101, and 119 for the plastidial marker, rbcL and UPA, respectively were obtained. By means of molecular analysis, 19 different species of red algae were characterized, comprising six families: Bangiaceae (Pyropia vietnamensis), Spyridiaceae (Spyridia clavata), Gelidiaceae (Gelidium crinale), Cystocloniaceae (Hypnea sp.), Solieriaceae (Solieria filiformis and Solieria sp.), Gracilariaceae (Gracilaria birdiae, G. caudata, G. cearensis, G. cervicornis, G. cornea, G. curtissiae, G. domingensis, G. ferox, G. flabelliformis, G. hayi, G. intermedia and Gp. silvana) and Rhodymeniaceae (Botryocladia franciscana sp. nov). The beaches of Coqueiro, Carnaubinha and Itaqui have great potential to be studied, since most of the new occurrences were registered on these beaches. However, there is a need for more detailed studies to be carried out in the subtidal region. / O estado do Piauí, com um litoral de apenas 66 km, é o que possui a menor faixa litorânea do país. Apesar da pequena extensão, a região costeira caracteriza-se, sobretudo, pela complexidade de ambientes naturais. Incluindo, nesse contexto, os "beach rocks" que ocorrem em diversos trechos do litoral. Com o objetivo de contribuir para um melhor conhecimento das macroalgas marinhas da porção piauiense da Área de Proteção Ambiental do Delta do Parnaíba, foi proposto a realização do levantamento florístico das macroalgas bentônicas, além de caracterizá-las e esclarecer problemas de delimitação taxonômica, por meio de evidências morfológicas e moleculares. Sequências dos genes plastidiais UPA e rbcL, e do gene mitocondrial cox1, foram utilizadas para a caracterização molecular de rodofíceas. Foram identificadas 57 espécies, distribuídas em 15 ordens, 20 famílias e 31 gêneros. A composição dos táxons nos Filos Rhodophyta, Chlorophyta e na Classe Phaeophyceae, foi de 58%, 26% e 16%, respectivamente. Dentre as espécie identificadas, 28 táxons estão sendo citados pela primeira vez para o litoral do estado, sendo que uma destas se refere a uma nova espécie para o litoral brasileiro. Foram obtidas um total de 310 sequências parciais dos três marcadores moleculares testados neste trabalho, à partir das 134 amostras coletadas, sendo 90 novas sequências para o marcador mitocondrial cox1, além de 101 e 119 para o marcador plastidial rbcL, e UPA, respectivamente. As análises moleculares evidenciaram 19 espécies diferentes de rodofíceas compreendendo seis famílias: Bangiaceae (Pyropia vietnamensis), Spyridiaceae (Spyridia clavata), Gelidiaceae (Gelidium crinale), Cystocloniaceae (Hypnea sp.), Solieriaceae (Solieria filiformis e Solieria sp.), Gracilariaceae (Gracilaria birdiae, G. caudata, G. cearensis, G. cervicornis, G. cornea, G. curtissiae, G. domingensis, G. ferox, G. flabelliformis, G. hayi, G. intermedia e Gp. silvana) e Rhodymeniaceae (Botryocladia franciscana sp. nov). As praias do Coqueiro, Carnaubinha e Itaqui possuem grande potencial para serem estudadas, visto que a maioria das novas ocorrências foi encontrada nestas praias. No entanto, observa-se a necessidade de estudos mais detalhados na região de infralitoral, uma área nunca antes pesquisada.

No description available.

La deltalactoferrine (ΔLf) est un facteur de transcription qui possède des propriétés anti-tumorales. Son activité et sa stabilité sont hautement contrôlées par des modifications post-traductionnelles comme la O-GlcNAcylation et la phosphorylation. Au cours de ma thèse, nous avons pu montrer que la ΔLf était modifiée par SUMO-1 et mettre en évidence 5 sites de SUMOylation. Nous avons produit un ensemble de mutants pour lesquels un seul site était préservé et un mutant M5S invalidé pour les cinq sites de SUMOylation. Nous avons pu montrer que cinq lysines étaient la cible de la machinerie de SUMOylation et que K13, K308 et K379 étaient les sites accepteurs majeurs. Nous avons ensuite étudié l’activité transcriptionnelle des différents mutants et montré que la SUMOylation réprime l’activité transcriptionnelle de la ΔLf. Dans un second temps nous avons étudié le dialogue entre différentes modifications post-traductionnelles. Nous avons pu démontrer qu’une compétition SUMO/ubiquitine existait et que sous la forme SUMOylée le mutant K379 avait une durée de ½ vie plus longue confirmant que la SUMOylation protégeait la ΔLf de la dégradation protéasomale. Nous avons également pu montrer que la ΔLf était acétylée principalement sur la lysine K13. En modulant le niveau de SUMOylation ou d’acétylation du mutant K13 nous avons pu montrer que la compétition SUMO/acétylation était impliquée dans la régulation de l’activité transcriptionnelle de la ΔLf. En effet, l’acétylation régule positivement l’activité transactivatrice de la ΔLf alors que la SUMOylation l’inhibe. En résumé, nous avons pu montrer que la ΔLf était multi-SUMOylée et que la SUMOylation était un nouveau mécanisme de régulation à la fois de l’activité transcriptionnelle et de la stabilité de la ΔLf. En parallèle, nous avons montré que la ΔLf transactivait le gène Bax déclenchant l’apoptose et que la balance O-GlcNAc/Phosphate modulait la transactivation de Bax. / Deltalactoferrin (ΔLf) is a transcription factor which possesses antitumoral activities. Posttranslational modifications such as O-GlcNAcylation and phosphorylation, efficiently modulate its transcription factor activity and stability. During my PhD thesis we first showed that ΔLf is modified by SUMO-1 and mapped the five SUMO sites. We produced a series of mutants for which only one site was preserved and a null-mutant in which all five SUMO sites were invalidated. We showed that all lysine residues were SUMO acceptors and that K13, K308 and K379 were the main SUMO sites. We next studied the impact of SUMOylation on ΔLf activity and showed that SUMOylation negatively regulated the transactivation function of ΔLf. During the second part of my PhD, we investigated the crosstalk between different posttranslational modifications. We showed that K379 which is either ubiquitinated or SUMOylated, is a pivotal site for the control of ΔLf stability. We also showed that SUMOylation competes with ubiquitination and protects ΔLf from proteosomal degradation by positively regulating its stability. We demonstrated that K13 is the main acetylation site and that favoring acetylation at K13 reduced SUMOylation and increased ΔLf transcriptional activity. Collectively, our results indicate that multi-SUMOylation occurs on ΔLf to repress its transcriptional activity. Reciprocal occupancy of K13 by either SUMO-1 or an acetyl group may contribute to the establishment of finely regulated mechanisms to control ΔLf transcriptional activity. Moreover, competition between SUMOylation and ubiquitination at K379 coordinately regulates the stability of ΔLf toward proteolysis. Therefore SUMOylation of ΔLf is a novel mechanism controlling both its activity and stability. In parallel, we demonstrated that ΔLf transactivates the Bax promoter leading to the triggering of apoptosis and that the O-GlcNAc/Phosphate interplay controls Bax transactivation. Lf) is a transcription factor which possesses antitumoral activities. Posttranslational modifications such as O-GlcNAcylation and phosphorylation, efficiently modulate its transcription factor activity and stability. During my PhD thesis we first showed that ΔLf is modified by SUMO-1 and mapped the five SUMO sites. We produced a series of mutants for which only one site was preserved and a null-mutant in which all five SUMO sites were invalidated. We showed that all lysine residues were SUMO acceptors and that K13, K308 and K379 were the main SUMO sites. We next studied the impact of SUMOylation on ΔLf activity and showed that SUMOylation negatively regulated the transactivation function of ΔLf. During the second part of my PhD, we investigated the crosstalk between different posttranslational modifications. We showed that K379 which is either ubiquitinated or SUMOylated, is a pivotal site for the control of ΔLf stability. We also showed that SUMOylation competes with ubiquitination and protects ΔLf from proteosomal degradation by positively regulating its stability. We demonstrated that K13 is the main acetylation site and that favoring acetylation at K13 reduced SUMOylation and increased ΔLf transcriptional activity. Collectively, our results indicate that multi-SUMOylation occurs on ΔLf to repress its transcriptional activity. Reciprocal occupancy of K13 by either SUMO-1 or an acetyl group may contribute to the establishment of finely regulated mechanisms to control ΔLf transcriptional activity. Moreover, competition between SUMOylation and ubiquitination at K379 coordinately regulates the stability of ΔLf toward proteolysis. Therefore SUMOylation of ΔLf is a novel mechanism controlling both its activity and stability. In parallel, we demonstrated that ΔLf transactivates the Bax promoter leading to the triggering of apoptosis and that the O-GlcNAc/Phosphate interplay controls Bax transactivation.