Orientador: Samuel Alves Soares / Banca: Suzeley Kalil Mathias / Banca: Adriano de Freixo / Resumo: O norte-americano James Madison, Jr (1751-1836) ficou conhecido na história de seu país como o último dos Pais Fundadores da nação e também como o principal responsável pela elaboração e instauração da Constituição Norte-Americana de 1787. A presente pesquisa pretende discutir o ideário político deste agente social e o suposto peso que este teve durante os trabalhos de confecção e ratificação da Constituição de 1787. Tem-se como certo, a título de premissa, que algo da austeridade moral e do rigor metódico e intelectual deste mentor se reflete no documento. Para isso, procurar-se-á delinear uma articulação plausível entre o desenvolvimento da visão política deste agente histórico e o constructo institucional da Constituição de 1787. Para este intento, se buscará no 1º capítulo as referências contextuais e biográficas que influenciaram e delimitaram o pensamento e as ações de James Madison. O 2º capítulo tentará entrelaçar a visão de mundo e de natureza humana resultante de sua formação - e os contributos e subsídios teórico-constitucionais supostamente produzidos por ela - com a bibliografia específica e os embasamentos teóricos que esta indica como fundamentais para o caso em questão. O 3º capítulo tentará elucidar os principais momentos desta suposta contribuição política, efetuando a análise das fontes historiográficas da carreira legislativa de James Madison que culmina com a anexação da Bill of Rights de 1791 à Constituição de 1787. Não se pretende aqui caracterizar James Madison como um gênio político ou uma entidade desvinculada de sua realidade sócio-cultural, possuidora de dons de liderança, autoridade ou sapiência. Esta pesquisa tenderá, ao invés disso, a localizá-lo imerso... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: The north american James Madison, Jr (1751-1836) was known in the history of its country as the last one of the Founding Fathers of the nation and also as main responsible for the elaboration and the instauration of the North American Constitution of 1787. The present research intends to argue the politician thinking of this social agent and the presumption weight that this had during the works of confection and ratification of the Constitution of 1787. It is had as certain, as a premise, that something of the moral austerity and it methodical and intellectual severity of this mentor reflects into the document. For this, it will be looked to delineate a reasonable joint between the development of the politic vision of this historical agent and the institucional frame of the Constitution of 1787. For this intention, the chapter one will search the contextual and biographical references that had influenced and delimited the thought and the actions of James Madison. The chapter two will try to interlace the vision of world and nature human being resultant of its formation - and the contributions and subsidies theoretician-constitutional supposedly produced by it - with the specific bibliography and the theoretical basements that this indicates as basic for the case in question. The chapter three will try to elucidate the main moments of this supposed politcs contribution, being effected the analysis of the historiographicals sources of the legislative career of James Madison who culminates with the annexation of the Bill of Rights of 1791 to the Constitution of 1787. It is not intended here to characterize James Madison like a genius politician or a disentailed entity of its sociocultural context, possessing gifts of leadership, authority or wisdom. This research will tend, on the contrary of this, to locate it immersed in a... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Mestre

Concerns about the feasibility of the Internet as an appropriate venue for deliberation have emerged based on the adverse effects of depersonalization, anonymity, and lack of accountability on the part of online discussants. As in face-to-face communication, participants in online conversations are best situated to determine for themselves what type of communication is appropriate. Earlier research on Usenet groups was not optimistic, but community-administered moderation may provide a valuable tool for online political discussion groups who wish to support and enforce deliberative communication among a diverse or disagreeing membership. This research examines individual comments and their rating and moderation within a week-long "Pie Fight" discussion about community ownership and values in the Daily Kos political blog. Specific components of deliberation were identified and a content analysis was conducted for each. Salient issues included community reputation, agreement and disagreement, meta-communication, and appropriate expression of emotion, humor, and profanity. Data subsets were analyzed in conjunction with the comment ratings given by community members to determine what types of interaction received the most attention, and how the community used the comment ratings system to promote or demote specific comment types. The use of middle versus high or low ratings, the value of varied ratings format, and the use of moderation as a low-impact means of expressing dissent were also explored. The Daily Kos community members effectively used both comments and ratings to mediate conflict, assert their desired kind of community, demonstrate a deliberative self-concept, and support specific conditions of deliberation. The moderation system was used to sanction uncivil or unproductive communication, as intended, and was also shown to facilitate deliberation of disagreement rather than creating an echo chamber of opinion.