The paper provides a detailed overview of population dynamics and trends in the Arab region. Furthermore, it explains the concept of demographic dividend and timing of the window of opportunity. With a view to enable countries in the region to reap the benefits of the changing population structure, the window is calculated for each country. The last part of the paper presents four case studies of countries that benefitted from their demographic dividend.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Cornell University, 1976. / Vita. Includes bibliographical references (p. 290-310).

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Cornell University, 1976. / Vita. Includes bibliographical references (p. 290-310).

The aim of this thesis is to analyze the current public transport accessibility of the city Kaplice and suggest improvements for further functioning. The first theoretical part explains the used transport and demographic terms and methods as well as the characteristics of the city itself. The second analytical part analyzes the city public transport situation and related demographic variables. The emphasis is on the evaluation of the current situation in all modes of transport and the combination of demographic and transport characteristics in favor of creating an overal framework. For this reason the SWOT analysis was carried out. At the end of the thesis the population projection is used to estimate future developments in this area and outline possible solutions and recommendations for optimal and efficient public transport in the town.

On the basis of a complex demographic analysis the thesis defines the areas in South Bohemia, where is apparent a specific development of demographic indicators and tries to find the main causes and consequences of these differences. From the perspective of the demographic indicators state the position of the South Bohemian Region is compared with other regions in the Czech Republic. On the basis of the demographic analysis is created a SWOT analysis of demographic trends of the South Bohemia population. In the final section there are explored impacts of demographic trends on the provision of social services for elderly and impacts on education and medical system in response to changes in the demographic structure of the population of the South Bohemia Region.

This research developed a system, Rx, to provide early identification and effective control of network stealth worms in digital networks through techniques based on biological epidemiology. Network stealth worms comprise a class of surreptitious, self-propagating code that spread over network connections by exploiting security vulnerabilities in hosts. Past outbreaks due to traditional worms subverted hundreds of thousands of machines. Network stealth worms exacerbate that threat by using clandestine methods to maintain a persistent presence in the network. Biological epidemiology was shown to support the real-time detection, characterization, forecasting, and containment of network stealth worms. Epidemiology describes a scientific methodology in biology that seeks to understand, explain, and control disease. Bio-mathematical modeling led to the development of a mechanism for digital networks to identify worm infection behavior buried in anomaly data, to characterize a worm, and to forecast the temporal spread of a worm. Demographic analysis of the infected hosts revealed the subset of vulnerable machines within the population. The automated response of advanced quarantine used this information to control the spread of an identified worm by isolating both infected and vulnerable machines. The novel contributions of this research included the identification of a network stealth worm at the network-level based on end-host reports while simultaneously characterizing and forecasting the spread of the worm. Additionally, this task offered the technique of advanced quarantine through demographic analysis of the population. This work resulted in a scalable, fault-tolerant strategy that dramatically enhanced the survival rate of network hosts under attack by a stealth worm. Moreover, this approach did not require new hardware, changes to existing protocols, or participation outside the implementing organization. This research showed application to a wider range of challenges. The bio-mathematical models are extensible, allowing Rx to respond to variations on the self-propagating code presented here. The approach is applicable to other forms of malware beyond self-propagating code by interchanging the epidemic model with one more appropriate. Lastly, the strategy allowed anomaly detectors to be sensitive to lower reporting thresholds and a variety of often benign yet potentially useful events. / Ph. D.

Background In the context of booming e-commerce and associated logistics flows, there is a considerable challenge to support the future of volumes, specifically more towards home deliveries by logistics service providers (LSP). There are means of addressing this challenge by identifying the key factors that influence consumer behaviour and lead to better adoption by meeting their convenience through right self collection end points setups thus decreasing the logistics costs, meeting sustainability targets and also efficiencies for logistics service provider operations. Purpose The purpose of this study is to study and investigate the convenience factors of self-collection endpoints and associated levels that influence consumer preferences for logistics services to use self-collection last-mile endpoint in Sweden and also associate with observed behaviour across different demographic segments. Methods For research, quantitative research was done using conjoint analysis. Data was collected using a questionnaire sent in Google forms from volunteers, designed through an orthogonal designed based profile to rate the relevance and interest it generated. Results were based on 161 respondents' feedback on 16 such profiles (autogenerated in the SPSS platform). Analyses on existing historical parcel data of the logistics service provider along with the demographic data to build decision-tree models which supports determining the crucial attributes which influence home deliveries and also identify the potential site for trialability by LSP to support better decision-making aligned with the new Innovation diffusion into usage. Conclusions The research has shown that the collection distance is the most crucial convenience factor which can drive/steer consumers to use self-collection endpoints by being relevant in the context of convenience factors to be considered as an alternate to home delivery, followed by handling time. Respondents were willing to compromise on home deliveries if distance was within their expectations, such as <300m from the study conducted. During the thesis work, decision-tree models have also been developed, which has shown relationship/dependency between demographics to different delivery methods like home vs. service points across different geographies and factors influencing it. It has been further observed that different influencing attributes play a significant role across geographical type of delivery locations, such as urban, sub-urban volume data.

Depuis l’entrée en vigueur de la loi n° 68-5 du 3 janvier 1968 portant réforme du droit des incapables,la sous-population des majeurs protégés s’est fortement modifiée, aussi bien au niveau de son effectifqu’au niveau de sa structure. Toutefois, par manque de données statistiques, cette sous-population estde nos jours encore méconnue. Afin d’améliorer la connaissance de la sous-population des majeursprotégés nous avons réalisé une analyse démographique de sa dynamique. L’objectif était de comblerun certain nombre de lacunes concernant d’une part le stock de majeurs sous tutelle, curatelle ousauvegarde de justice (effectif, répartition par sexe et par âge...) et d’autre part les caractéristiques desouvertures, des fins et des changements de régime de protection (fréquence, décomposition desflux...). Ce travail de recherche mené grâce à une approche multi-sources, a permis de distinguer cequi dans les évolutions observées, tenait à la modification des comportements de mise sous protectionet ce qui tenait aux changements de composition de la population française du point de vue de l’âge etde l’état de santé. Il a conduit à mettre en évidence la liaison forte, mais en transformation, entre typede mesure de protection et caractéristiques des majeurs bénéficiaires. Enfin, ce travail de recherchepourra servir de base pour appréhender ultérieurement le devenir de la sous-population des majeursprotégés dans un contexte de modification législative. / The sub-population of wards in France has changed significantly, both in size and composition, sinceLaw no. 68-5 of 3 January 1968 on incapacitated adults came into force. However, a lack a statisticaldata means it is still badly known. To improve our knowledge of the sub-population of wards, ademographic analysis of its dynamics was conducted. The purpose was to fill knowledge gaps relatingto the existing population of vulnerable adults under guardianship (e.g. number, sex, age) and to thecharacteristics of the court orders establishing, amending or ending guardianship (e.g. frequency,flows). Thanks to a multi-source approach the study identifies what derives from the changes inbehaviour relating to the establishment of guardianship and from the changes undergone by the Frenchpopulation in terms of age structure and health. The study highlights a strong but changing relationshipbetween the type of guardianship and the characteristics of individual wards. The study may also serveas a starting point for further analysis of the sub-population of wards following recent changes in thelaw.

Ce travail se caractérise par une approche territoriale de la précarité et de la pauvreté. Par le biais d'analyses spatiales, le but est d'observer comment et pourquoi celles-ci se manifestent à différents échelons géographiques infra-nationaux, et, in fine, quelles en sont les conséquences. Dans un premier temps, une typologie des espaces selon leurs caractéristiques en matière de précarité et de pauvreté sera établie à partir de l'étude de différents indicateurs (notamment relatifs aux bas-revenus, au sous-emploi ou aux minimas sociaux). Des facteurs socio-économiques seront ensuite dégagés pour expliquer les profils observés. Enfin, le lien entre renouvellement démographique et précarité/pauvreté sera exploré, afin de déterminer dans quelle mesure les difficultés socio-économiques s'accompagnent de comportements démographiques particuliers. Les espaces où le niveau de précarité/pauvreté est le plus important ont généralement des caractéristiques communes, mais le type de territoire (urbain, périurbain, rural) n'est pas non plus sans importance. Que ce soit au niveau des départements de France métropolitaine ou des cantons du département de la Gironde, les zones cumulant les difficultés sont clairement identifiées, même si les facteurs explicatifs des différentes mesures statistiques varient. Certains types d'espaces particulièrement concernés par la précarité et la pauvreté tendent également à présenter des caractéristiques démographiques particulières, avec notamment des niveaux de fécondité et de mortalité plus élevés que la moyenne, et un solde migratoire déficitaire. / This work is based on a territorial approach to precariousness and poverty. Using spatial analyzes, the aim is to study how and why socio-economic difficulties appear on various infranational geographic scales, and, ultimately, what are the consequences. First, a typology of territories based on their characteristics related to precariousness and poverty will be developed, using various indicators (in particular concerning low incomes, non-employment and social welfare). Socio-economic factors explaining these profiles will then be investigated. Lastly, the link between demographic renewal and precariousness/poverty will be studied, in order to see the extent to which socio-economic difficulties are accompanied by particular demographic behaviors. Areas where levels of precariousness and poverty are high generally have common features, but the type of territory (urban, periurban, rural) is important too. Whether at the level of metropolitan France's departments or Gironde's districts, areas cumulating difficulties are clearly identified, even if the factors explaining the statistical measures are different. Some territories in particular affected by precariousness and poverty also tend to show specific demographic features: levels of fertility and mortality can notably be high and migratory balance be in deficit.

L'espace régional en Algérie se caractérise aujourd'hui par une grande métropole développée concentrant potentialités humaines et activités diverses, et une arrière région marginalisée vivant dans l'ombre de celle-ci. Les changements politiques et économiques ont joué un rôle important dans son évolution, sa gestion et dans son organisation. La région Nord-Centre (abritant 10 wilayas), marquée par le poids écrasant de la capitale, est la plus touchée par les iniquités territoriales. Mesurer ces iniquités et identifier leurs progressions et leurs origines, nous ont amené à une analyse de la répartition de la population (1987-2008) et des conditions socio-économiques. Les résultats ont relevé un important déséquilibre démographique et des inégalités flagrantes entre les wilayas de la région. Le milieu naturel et les choix politiques ont été à l'origine du développement inégal et son renforcement. Les conditions sociales et sécuritaires ont été ainsi des éléments déterminants dans la concentration de population et plus récemment dans le ralentissement du flux migratoire. En s'intéressant à la planification dans le Nord-Centre et à travers l'analyse qualitative de son processus, nous avons mis en évidence une mise en oeuvre inexistante ainsi qu'un certain nombre de contraintes et d'obstacles dans la phase de programmation. Nous avons également constaté l'existence d'un décalage entre les pratiques de terrain et les stratégies retenues pour l'atténuation des inégalités / Regional space in Algeria today is characterised by a large, developed metropolis, concentrating human potential and various activities; and the rest, marginalized and living in the shade of the former. The political and economic changes played a significant role in its evolution, management and organization. The Northern-Central region (encompassing 10 wilayas), marked by the crushing weight of the capital, is the most touched by territorial iniquities. Measuring these iniquities and identifying their progressions and origins led us to analyse the population repartition (1987-2008) and the socio-economic conditions. The results showed an important demographic imbalance, and obvious inequalities between the wilayas of the region. The natural environment and the political choices were at the origin of the unequal development, and its reinforcement. Social conditions and security issues were thus determining factors in the concentration of the population, and more recently in the deceleration of the migration flow. Being interested in the planning of the North-Central region, and through the qualitative analysis of its process, we highlighted the non-existent implementation as well as a certain number of constraints and obstacles in the study phase. We also noted the existence of a shift between the practices on the ground and the strategies retained for the reduction of inequalities