Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI) / Veillonella spp. are found in high numbers in the mouth in dental plaque and on the mucosa. Veillonellae utilize lactic acid for their metabolic needs. A symbiotic relationship between Veillonellae and other oral bacteria, including a nutritional relationship with some streptococci, has been demonstrated both in vitro and in vivo. Thus, Veillonellae may protect the host from dental caries. Adherence is the initial step in bacterial colonization of oral surfaces. Recent evidence suggests that certain oral bacteria express molecules (adhesins) on their cell surface, which recognize receptors on other oral bacteria and/or in salivary pellicle. It has been previously demonstrated that Veillonella spp. bind avidly to Streptococcus. spp. found in subgingival plaque. The present study investigated the ability of V. atypica PK1910 to bind to saliva-coated hydroxyapatite (SHA), a model for adherence to the salivary pellicle. The results show that there was statistically significant enhanced binding of Veillonella atypica PK1910 to saliva-coated hydroxyapatite beads. (p< 0.05) Three classes of coaggregation-defective mutants of V. atypica PK1910 were tested for their ability to bind to SHA. Interestingly, they did not demonstrate any enhanced binding to saliva-coated hydroxyapatite beads. Heating of PK1910 did not effect binding to SHA. In contrast, protease treatment of the veillonella cell surface inactivated binding. Therefore, it appears that V. atypica PK1910, in addition to binding to oral Streptoccoccus spp. in dental plaque, may also colonize the tooth surface by binding directly to the salivary pellicle. It appears that a distinct heat stable protein may mediate this binding to SHA.

Background The mouth can be colonized by many bacterial species that are associated with both health and disease. Bacteria analyses are an important part of diagnosing and treating dental diseases, but there is no consensus regarding which sampling method to use for these analyses. Aim The aim of this study was to find out whether there are differences in bacterial composition in one, two and three days old dental plaque and if there are regional differences between anterior, posterior, right and left surfaces in the mouth over time. Method Plaque sample collection was performed at specific tooth sites on six healthy young adults. Sampling was made three times after dental plaque had been accumulated for one, two and three days respectively. During the accumulation periods the participants had to abstain from all forms of oral hygiene. Bacteria DNA extraction was performed followed by 16S sequencing. All gene sequences were matched against the Human Oral microbiome database. The results were analyzed in SPSS and SIMCA.  Result When comparing the bacteria composition between day one, two and three a statistically significant difference was found. The analyzes also showed a difference in composition between the posterior and anterior regions of the mouth over time, but no significant difference between the right and the left side of the mouth over time.  Conclusion  The result suggests that the sampling method should be chosen carefully and determined by the specific aim of the dental plaque analysis.

Diss. (sammanfattning) Umeå : Univ., 2008. / Härtill 5 uppsatser.

Thesis (M.S.)--University of Michigan, 1981.

Thesis (M.S.)--University of Michigan, 1983.

Thesis (M.S.)--University of Michigan, 1980.

Thesis (M.S.)--University of Michigan, 1979.

Thesis (M.S.)--University of Michigan, 1971.

Akademisk avhandling--Lund. / Extra t.p., with thesis statement, inserted. Bibliography: p. 11-14.

Akademisk avhandling--Lund. / Extra t.p., with thesis statement, inserted. Bibliography: p. 11-14.