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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
91

Estudo comparativo da densidade radiográfica de diferentes cimentos odontológicos restauradores à base de ionômero de vidro. / Comparative Study of different density radiographic restorative dentistry cement- based glass ionomer.

MELO, áureo Honorato e 05 October 2007 (has links)
Made available in DSpace on 2014-07-29T15:21:57Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertacao - Aureo Honorato e Melo.pdf: 333429 bytes, checksum: 7ff45b837da001c1e75ec7d4524dae41 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007-10-05 / Glass ionomer cements are generally represented by a combination of a powder, which main components are alumina (Al2O3 ), silica (Si2O3 ) and calcium fluoride (CaF2 ), and a liquid, which is an aqueous solution basically compound of polyacrilic acid and tartaric acid. Its excellent features have been described since the 1960 s, and some of these are the radiopacity and fluoride release. The aim of this work is to study the radiopacity measured by radiographic exposures of the following restorative glass ionomers: Vidrion R (SS White Manufacturing Ltd, Gloucester, England); Chemfil (DENTSPLY DeTrey, Konstanz, Germany); Vitro Molar (DFL); Maxxion R (FGM Dental products Ltd); Riva self cure powder and liquid and Riva self cure in capsules (Riva SC, SDI Ltd, Bayswater, Australia) and to make comparisons among them. Then, different radiographic densities from an aluminum scale were attained and they could be compared and used in the clinical work. The specimens were made using standard glass plates (25,4 x 76,2 x 1,0 mm) manufactured by Global Trade Technology and they were perforated by a 5mm bur (number 5, Black & Decker, Brazil) especially used for glass. For the radiopacity evaluation, the samples were radiographed using three different types of films, which are the following: Kodak Dental Intraoral ESpeed Film (EASTMAN KODAK Co., Rochester, N.Y.); Contrast DFL DV-58 (DFL Ltd); and Agfa Dentus M2 Confort (Heraeus Kulzer Inc.). A 99,5% pure aluminum step wedge and a Gnatus XR 6010 X-ray equipment were utilized in this work. The data were collected by 5 examiners, who were properly calibrated, and analyzed by Friedman and Kolmogorov-Smirnov tests. The results showed no statistical differences among the averages of each examiner comparing the cements and the films. And the results also showed that all the cements present radiographic density average values below 1. / Os propósitos deste trabalho foram estudar a radiopacidade de cimentos de ionômero de vidro restauradores a partir de tomadas radiográficas e comparálas entre si. Para a consecução, obtiveram-se a partir de uma escala de alumínio, densidades radiográficas comparáveis e possíveis de serem utilizadas no trabalho clínico. Corpos-de-prova cilíndricos foram obtidos utilizando-se lâminas de vidro de 25,4 x 76,2 x 1,0 mm perfuradas por uma broca número 5 com 5,0 mm de diâmetro. As radiografias dos corpos-deprova foram obtidas em três marcas de filmes. Foi utilizado neste experimento uma escala de alumínio padronizada denominada penetrômetro e um aparelho de raios-X Gnatus XR 6010. Os dados foram coletados por cinco examinadores devidamente calibrados e analisados pelos testes de Friedman e de Kolmogorov-Smirnov. Os resultados obtidos mostraram que existiu diferença estatisticamente significante nas médias conseguidas por cada examinador nos grupos formados pelos cimentos e pelos filmes. Também mostrou que todos os cimentos apresentaram valores médios de densidade radiográfica menor que 1.
92

Avaliação do processo de raparo de lesões periopicais pós-tratamento endodôntico por meio de subtração digital radiográfica / Evaluation of the process of repair of periapical lesions after endodontic treatment by digital subtraction radiography

SILVA, Janaína Benfica e 30 November 2006 (has links)
Made available in DSpace on 2014-07-29T15:22:00Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Parte 1.pdf: 1874528 bytes, checksum: 7e46501ade5b782c1d4f3f9926c18a43 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006-11-30 / Control of the process of repair or progression of periapical lesions after endodontic treatment is monitored by conventional or digital radiography. In this research digital subtraction radiography (DSR) was used that uses the subtraction of images longitudinally, in which the change in the alveolar bone is visualized against a uniform gray background. The objectives of this study were: (1) to evaluate the repair process of periapical lesions after endodontic treatment by using DSR; (2) to quantify by means of point/pixel (picture element), area (histogram) and linear measures (profile line), the gain or loss of mineral density in the area of the lesion, using the average of the pixel values; (3) to compare the diagnostic information, suggestive of the repair process, obtained through a subjective evaluation of DSR with a conventional radiographic evaluation and digitalized image and (4) to evaluate the contribution of DSR to an early identification of the repair of periapical lesions after endodontic treatment. The sample consisted of twelve patients with a total of seventeen periapical lesions. The x-rays were digitalized and submitted to DSR using DSR software. The pixel values of the subtracted images were determined by using Image Tool software. Both the conventional x-rays as well as the digitalized and subtracted images were qualitatively evaluated. The results showed a gain in mineral density with a meandp of 133.495.17, 130.275.77 and 129.414.46 for the points/pixel, histogram and profile line tools, respectively. In the evaluation of numerical gain Pearson s Coefficient of Correlation (r) presented these values: mean of points/histogram = 0.746; mean of points/profile line = 0.724 and histogram/profile line = 0.860. When the numerical values were transformed into percentile gain meandp of 0.674.01, 1.214.33 and 1.163.36 were obtained for the points/pixels, histogram and profile line tools, respectively. In the evaluation of the percentile gain Spearman s Coefficient of Correlation (rs) showed the following values: mean of points/histogram = 0.697; mean of the points/profile line = 0.646 and histogram/profile line = 0.844. In the qualitative analysis, the frequency of success in the ordering of the correct sequence of the repair process using conventional radiography, digitalized image and DSR was 37.3%, 31.4% and 31.4%, respectively. One concluded, therefore, that: (1) the process of repair of periapical lesions after endodontic treatment can be evaluated quantitatively by means of longitudinal analysis using DSR; (2) any one of the three tools can be used to quantify the repair, considering that correlation exists between the time of repair and the increase of the value of pixel; (3) the comparative evaluation between the subjective methods using conventional radiography, digitalized image and SDR, it showed that all had been capable to evidence the process of repair of periapical lesions from the first radiography (15 days), not having difference between them and (4) the quantitative evaluation by SDR obtained to after evidence the beginning of the repair with 15 days the beginning of the endodontic treatment, even so this repair was really effective from 105 days after the beginning of the endodontic treatment. / O controle do processo de reparo ou progressão de lesões periapicais pós-tratamento endodôntico é monitorado pelo exame radiográfico convencional ou digital. Nesta pesquisa foi utilizada a subtração digital radiográfica (SDR), que utiliza a subtração de imagens longitudinalmente, na qual a mudança no osso alveolar é visualizada contra um plano de fundo (background) cinza homogêneo. Os objetivos desse estudo foram: (1) avaliar o processo de reparo de lesões periapicais pós-tratamento endodôntico por meio de SDR; (2) quantificar por meio de ponto/pixel (picture element), área (histograma) e medida linear (perfil linha) na área da lesão, o ganho ou perda de densidade mineral por meio da média dos valores dos pixels; (3) comparar as informações diagnósticas, sugestivas do processo de reparo, obtidas por meio da avaliação subjetiva da SDR com a avaliação radiográfica convencional e imagem digitalizada; e (4) avaliar a contribuição da SDR na identificação precoce do reparo de lesões periapicais pós-tratamento endodôntico. A amostra constituiu-se de doze indivíduos totalizando dezessete lesões periapicais. As radiografias foram digitalizadas e submetidas à SDR utilizando o programa DSR. As imagens subtraídas tiveram os valores de pixel determinados utilizando o programa Image Tool. Tanto as radiografias convencionais quanto as imagens digitalizadas e subtraídas foram avaliadas qualitativamente. Os resultados evidenciaram ganho de densidade mineral com médiadp de 133,495,17; 130,275,77; 129,414,46 para as ferramentas ponto/pixel; histograma e perfil linha respectivamente. Na avaliação do ganho numérico o Coeficiente de Correlação de Pearson (r) mostrou valores de: média dos pontos/ histograma = 0,746; média dos pontos/ perfil linha = 0,724 e histograma/ perfil linha = 0,860. Quando os valores numéricos foram transformados em ganho percentual foram obtidas médiadp de 0,674,01; 1,214,33; 1,163,36 para as ferramentas ponto/pixel; histograma e perfil linha respectivamente. Na avaliação do ganho percentual o Coeficiente de Correlação de Spearman (rs) mostrou valores de: média dos pontos/ histograma = 0,697; média dos pontos/ perfil linha = 0,646 e histograma/ perfil linha = 0,844. Na análise qualitativa, a freqüência de acertos na ordenação da seqüência correta do processo de reparo usando radiografia convencional, imagem digitalizada e SDR foi de 37,3%; 31,4% e 31,4% respectivamente. Concluiu-se, portanto, que: (1) o processo de reparo de lesões periapicais pós-tratamento endodôntico pode ser avaliado quantitativamente por meio de análise longitudinal com SDR (2) qualquer uma das três ferramentas pode ser utilizada para quantificar o reparo, considerando que existe correlação entre o tempo de reparo e o aumento do valor de pixel; (3) a avaliação comparativa entre os métodos subjetivos, usando radiografia convencional, imagem digitalizada e a SDR, mostrou que todos foram capazes de evidenciar o processo de reparo de lesões periapicais desde a primeira radiografia (15 dias), não havendo diferença entre eles e (4) a avaliação quantitativa por meio de SDR conseguiu evidenciar o início do reparo com 15 dias após o início do tratamento endodôntico, embora esse reparo fosse realmente efetivo a partir de 105 dias após o início do tratamento endodôntico.

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