Thesis (M.S.)--University of Michigan, 1987.

Thesis (M.S.)--University of Michigan, 1987.

This thesis deals with a question of physical fitness and physical regime of first-year dental students at the Charles University in Prague, First Faculty of Medicine. Results of a research on physical fitness and physical regime of first-year students of physical education on Faculty of Education of the Charles University will serve us as a comparision. Furthermore, this thesis analyzes to what extent the dentistry students are acquainted with difficulties of their profession, whether they know how to compensate inappropriate physical stress with a physical acitivy and what is their attitude to a physical activity in the present and their outlook for the future. The physical fitness was tested by using modified Unifittest 6-60, for the questionnaire survey was used a questionnaire consisted partly of questions from International Physical Activity Questionnaire, partly of questions created for purpose of this thesis.

Objetivo: Determinar la asociación entre el nivel de conocimientos y actitudes sobre accidentes ocupacionales en prácticas clínicas de alumnos de odontología de una clínica universitaria de Lima - Perú. Materiales y Métodos: Se evaluaron a 156 alumnos de la carrera de Odontología. El nivel de conocimientos y actitudes fueron evaluados mediante una encuesta adaptada de 24 preguntas. Además a ello, se evaluaron otras variables como el tipo de exposición, material punzocortante, especialidad clínica, entre otros, mediante un cuestionario de autoreporte adaptado. Ambas encuestas fueron revisadas y aprobadas por expertos en la materia. Se calcularon proporciones para las variables cualitativas y medidas de tendencia central (mediana) para la variable edad. De la misma manera se usaron: la Prueba de Chi-Cuadrado y Umann Whitney, para la asociación de variables. Resultados: El 78,2% de los participantes tuvo conocimiento alto frente al manejo de accidentes ocupacionales; de la misma manera, 72,4% manifestó actitud positiva. No se encontró asociación estadísticamente significativa (p>0,05) entre las variables conocimientos y actitud. Por otro lado, el 69,1% de los alumnos sufrió al menos un accidente ocupacional durante sus prácticas clínicas, en su mayoría causado por un material punzocortante, predominando el explorador con 65,1%. Conclusiones: No se encontró asociación entre las variables conocimiento y actitud, sin embargo, una gran cantidad de alumnos sufre este tipo de exposiciones, por lo que se recomienda una educación más efectiva sobre prevención y manejo de accidentes ocupacionales. / Objective: To determine the association between the level of knowledge, and attitude towards post exposure management of occupational accidents in the clinical practice of dental students at a university clinic in Lima - Peru. Materials and Methods: 156 dentistry students were evaluated. The students’ level of knowledge and attitude to post exposure management of occupational accidents were evaluated through an adapted survey of 24 questions. In addition, information on occupational accidents such as the type of exposure, involvement of sharp materials, and type of procedure was gathered via a self-reported questionnaire. Both surveys were reviewed and approved by subject matter experts. Absolute frequencies were calculated for the qualitative variables and central tendency measures (median) were calculated for quantitative variables. The Chi-Square test and Mann-Whitney U test were used to test for statistical significance in the association of variables. Results: 78,2% of the participants had a high knowledge of occupational accident management; and 72,4% demonstrated a positive attitude towards accident management. No statistically significant association (p> 0.05) was found between knowledge and attitude. 69,1% of the students suffered at least one occupational accident during their clinical practice and most involved sharp materials. The explorer was involved in 65,1% of exposures. Conclusions: No association was found between knowledge and attitude towards accident management. However, a great number of students have suffered from occupational accidents resulting in hazardous exposure, so a more effective education on prevention and management of occupational accidents is recommended. / Tesis

Objetivo: Asociar la calidad de servicio brindada al paciente con la calidad de sueño de los estudiantes de pregrado de odontología en un centro de salud de una universidad privada de Lima, Perú. Materiales y métodos: El diseño del estudio fue observacional, analítico y transversal. Se evaluaron a 82 estudiantes y 244 pacientes de los mismos de un centro universitario de salud de Lima. Para la evaluación de la calidad de servicio se empleó el cuestionario SERVQUAL, el cual evalúa expectativas y percepciones. Asimismo, para la calidad de sueño se aplicó el Índice de calidad de sueño de Pittsburgh. Para la asociación de las variables cualitativas y el cálculo de las razones de prevalencia crudas y ajustadas, se empleó la regresión de Poisson con varianza robusta. Se trabajó con un nivel de significancia estadística de p<0.05 y un intervalo de confianza del 95%. Resultados: Se obtuvo que el 59.84% de los pacientes estuvieron satisfechos con la calidad de servicio brindada, y el 58.54% de los estudiantes tuvieron una moderada dificultad para dormir. Asimismo, no se encontró asociación estadísticamente significativa entre ambas variables principales obteniéndose una RP 1.033, IC 95% 0.417 - 2.559. Conclusiones: En el presente estudio se encontró que, la calidad de servicio no se encuentra asociada con la calidad de sueño. Además, los valores en la percepción en todas las dimensiones de la calidad de servicio superaron a las expectativas. / Objectives: Making an association between the service quality provided to the patients and the odontology student’s sleep quality from a health center on a private university in Lima, Peru. Materials and Methods: This study was designed observational, analytical and transversally. 82 students and their 244 patients from a health university center in Lima, Peru were evaluated. To study the service quality, the SERVQUAL questionnaire was used, which evaluates expectations and perceptions. Likewise, for the sleep quality, the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index was applied. For the variables association and for the calculations of the crude and adjusted prevalence ratios, the Poisson regression with robust variance was used. The work was made with a statistical significance level of p<0.05 and a confidence interval of 95%. Results: The obtained results indicate that 59.84% from the patients were satisfied and the 58.54% of the students had a moderate difficulty to sleep. Moreover, a significant statistical association wasn’t found between the service quality and sleep quality; getting a PR 1.033, CI95% 0.417-2.559. Conclusions: In this study, it was found that the service quality is not related to the sleep quality. Additionally, the values and perceptions in all the service quality dimensions surpassed the expectative. / Tesis

El proyecto de intervención tuvo como objetivo fomentar un mejor comportamiento ante el COVID-19 por parte de los propietarios de un edificio de San Borja durante el periodo académico 2020-01 (mayo-junio). Se realizó el análisis del entorno a través del análisis de involucrados, indicadores de salud ASIS, y diagnóstico participativo. Con los resultados obtenidos se priorización los problemas y se plantearon objetivos. Se elaboraron matrices de programación, monitoreo y evaluación donde se establecieron todas las actividades necesarias para poder cumplir los objetivos específicos. Para cada una de ellas, se establecieron las metodologías, metas, indicadores, recursos e involucrados. Dependiendo de la actividad se estableció una meta no menor al 80% Sobre los indicadores evaluados, la cobertura en todas las actividades para ambos objetivos fue del 100% y se respetaron los tiempos medios propuestos en todos los casos. Sin embargo, las sesiones educativas se realizaron fuera del horario del curso y en distintos momentos del día debido ya que los propietarios tenían sus propias actividades y no era posible coincidir todos en un mismo horario. Para futuros proyectos de intervención se sugiere que, de ser posible, hacer las actividades lo más autónomas posibles. Como estudiante de odontología y futuro profesional es nuestra obligación estar al tanto de las medidas de salud y en la medida de lo posible educar a la sociedad tanto dentro como fuera de un consultorio. Adicionalmente, la elaboración de este proyecto sirve como guía de cómo debería ser el proceso de solucionar un problema cuando llega un paciente al consultorio, es decir, determinar problemas, evaluar entorno, plantear soluciones, ejecutar las actividades y posteriormente realizar constantes evaluaciones. / The objective of this project was to encourage better behavior against COVID-19 by the owners of a building in San Borja during the 2020-01 academic period (May-June). Programming, monitoring and evaluation plans were developed where all the necessary activities were established to be able to fulfill the specific objectives. For each of them, the methodologies, goals, indicators and resources were established. Depending on the activity, a goal of no less than 80% was established. Regarding the indicators, the coverage in the activities for both objectives was 100% and the average times proposed were respected in all cases. However, the sessions were held outside of the course schedule and along the day because the owners had their own activities and it was not possible to all coincide on the same time. For future projects it is suggested that, if possible, make the activities as autonomous as possible. As a dental student and future professional, it is our obligation to be aware of health measures and, as far as possible, to educate society. Additionally, the elaboration of this project serves as a guide on how the process of solving a problem should be when a patient arrives for any treatment, that is, identify problems, assess the environment, proposing solutions, executing activities and subsequently constant evaluations. / Trabajo de investigación

Objetivo: Asociar la calidad de servicio brindada al paciente con la calidad de sueño de los estudiantes de pregrado de odontología en un centro de salud de una universidad privada de Lima, Perú. Materiales y métodos: El diseño del estudio fue observacional, analítico y transversal. Se evaluaron a 82 estudiantes y 244 pacientes de los mismos de un centro universitario de salud de Lima. Para la evaluación de la calidad de servicio se empleó el cuestionario SERVQUAL, el cual evalúa expectativas y percepciones. Asimismo, para la calidad de sueño se aplicó el Índice de calidad de sueño de Pittsburgh. Para la asociación de las variables cualitativas y el cálculo de las razones de prevalencia crudas y ajustadas, se empleó la regresión de Poisson con varianza robusta. Se trabajó con un nivel de significancia estadística de p<0.05 y un intervalo de confianza del 95%. Resultados: Se obtuvo que el 59.84% de los pacientes estuvieron satisfechos con la calidad de servicio brindada, y el 58.54% de los estudiantes tuvieron una moderada dificultad para dormir. Asimismo, no se encontró asociación estadísticamente significativa entre ambas variables principales obteniéndose una RP 1.033, IC 95% 0.417 - 2.559. Conclusiones: En el presente estudio se encontró que, la calidad de servicio no se encuentra asociada con la calidad de sueño. Además, los valores en la percepción en todas las dimensiones de la calidad de servicio superaron a las expectativas. / Objectives: Making an association between the service quality provided to the patients and the odontology student’s sleep quality from a health center on a private university in Lima, Peru. Materials and Methods: This study was designed observational, analytical and transversally. 82 students and their 244 patients from a health university center in Lima, Peru were evaluated. To study the service quality, the SERVQUAL questionnaire was used, which evaluates expectations and perceptions. Likewise, for the sleep quality, the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index was applied. For the variables association and for the calculations of the crude and adjusted prevalence ratios, the Poisson regression with robust variance was used. The work was made with a statistical significance level of p<0.05 and a confidence interval of 95%. Results: The obtained results indicate that 59.84% from the patients were satisfied and the 58.54% of the students had a moderate difficulty to sleep. Moreover, a significant statistical association wasn’t found between the service quality and sleep quality; getting a PR 1.033, CI95% 0.417-2.559. Conclusions: In this study, it was found that the service quality is not related to the sleep quality. Additionally, the values and perceptions in all the service quality dimensions surpassed the expectative. / Tesis

Thesis (MPhil)--Stellenbosch University, 2011. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Removable Prosthetic Dentistry (PRO400) is a fourth year module of the undergraduate dentistry programme which consists of a large clinical component. After reviewing relevant literature and conducting module evaluations, clinical tests were introduced and implemented in 2008 as an additional clinical assessment method. The intention of introducing the clinical tests was an attempt to ensure that students were assessed fairly, that their theoretical knowledge and the ability to apply it clinically were properly assessed, and to provide feedback on their clinical performance. The purpose of this concurrent mixed methods study was to compare the relationship between the students‟ performance in the clinical tests and daily clinical grades with their theoretical performance in the PRO400 module. The second part of the study explored the academic staff s‟ perceptions of the clinical test as clinical assessment tool in the PRO400 module. The case study design enabled the researcher to explore the question at hand in considerable depth. The mixed methods approach was useful to capture the best of both the qualitative and quantitative approaches. For the quantitative data-collection, record reviews of the results of fourth-year dental students‟ who completed the PRO400 module at the end of 2007 were used, and included 110 students. For the qualitative component three full-time lecturers within the Prosthetic department were interviewed. The clinical test marks and clinical session marks of all the students (n=109) in PRO400 were compared to their theory mark of that year. The tests marks were entered into a spreadsheet in Microsoft Excel and the data analysis was done with the assistance of a statistician. The analytical abstraction method was used to assist with the qualitative data analysis; first the basic level of analysis was done in the narrative form, followed by second higher level of data analysis. The basic and higher levels of analysis were discussed under the following themes: clinical tests, student performances, alignment of theory and clinical assessment and personal influence on supervisors‟ assessment practices and attitude. Role-taking and the supervisors‟ perceptions and concerns regarding the students were explored as emergent themes. The quantitative findings were displayed using tables and graphs. Forty five students. clinical marks were 10% higher than their theory mark, while only 8 students. theory marks were 10% higher than their clinical test mark. There appeared to be hardly any relationship between the students. clinical daily grade assessment marks and their theory marks. The average theory mark was 47%, the average clinical test marks were 55% and the average daily clinical grade was 63%. Integration of the data obtained from the different data collection methods was done at the level of data interpretation. The clinical test as an assessment tool is well accepted by the supervisors and they agreed that it is more reliable and accurate than the clinical daily grade assessment method. The quantitative findings relate well to other reported studies that concluded that the daily grade was poorly correlated with the competency exams (a similar phenomenon in the clinical test of the PRO400 module). From the findings of this study it appeared that there is a better correlation of the clinical test mark and the theory mark, than clinical daily mark and the theory mark. This finding related well with the lecturers. views that the clinical tests were more reliable as a clinical assessment tool than the daily clinical mark. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: "Removable Prosthetic Dentistry (PRO400)" is 'n vierdejaar-module in die voorgraadse tandheelkundeprogram wat 'n groot kliniese komponent bevat. Na 'n oorsig gedoen is van die relevante literatuur, en nadat die module-evaluering afgehandel is, is kliniese toetse in 2008 ingevoer en geimplementeer as 'n bykomende metode van kliniese assessering. Die kliniese toetse is ingestel in 'n poging om te verseker dat studente se teoretiese kennis en hul vermoe om dit klinies toe te pas op . regverdige wyse geassesseer word en om terugvoer te kan gee oor die studente se kliniese prestasie. Die doel van hierdie studie, waarin gelyktydige gemengde metodes gebruik is, was om die verband tussen die studente se prestasie in die kliniese toetse, asook hul daaglikse kliniese punte en hul teoretiese prestasie in die PRO400-module vas te stel. Die tweede deel van die studie het ondersoek ingestel na die akademiese personeel se persepsies van die kliniese toets as 'n instrument vir kliniese assessering in die PRO400-module. 'n Dwarssnit-gevallestudie-ontwerp is gebruik en 'n gemengdemetode-benadering was nuttig om sowel kwalitatiewe as kwantitatiewe data in te samel. Vir die kwantitatiewe data-insamelingverslae is die uitslae van 109 vierdejaar-tandeheelkundestudente in die PRO400-module aan die einde van 2007 gebruik. Vir die kwalitatiewe data-insameling is onderhoude gevoer met drie voltydse dosente in die Prostetiese Tandheelkunde-departement. Die kliniese toetspunte en die kliniese sessiepunte van al die studente (n=109) in die PRO400-module is met hul teoriepunte van daardie jaar vergelyk. Die toetspunte is op 'n sigblad in Microsoft Excel ingevoer en die data-analise is met die hulp van 'n statistikus gedoen. Die analitiese abstraksiemetode is vir die analise van die kwalitatiewe data gebruik. Die basiese vlak van data-analise in die narratiewe vorm is eerste gedoen. Dit is gevolg deur 'n tweede, hoervlak-data-analise. Die basiese en hoer vlakke van analise is onder die volgende temas bespreek: kliniese toetse, studenteprestasie, ooreenstemming van teorie en kliniese assessering, en persoonlike invloed op studieleiers se assesseringspraktyke en houding. Rol-aanneming en die studieleiers se persepsies, asook kwessies rakende die studente is as ontluikende temas ondersoek. Die resultate van hierdie studie het aangetoon dat die kliniese punte van 45 studente 10% hoër was as hul teoriepunte, en dat slegs agt studente se teoriepunte 10% hoër as hul kliniese toetspunte was. Dit het geblyk dat daar feitlik geen verband was tussen die studente se kliniese daaglikse assesseringspunte en hul teoriepunte nie. Die gemiddelde teoriepunt was 47%, die gemiddelde kliniese toetspunt was 55% en die gemiddelde daaglikse kliniese punt was 63%. Al die studieleiers het die kliniese toets as assesseringsinstrument goed aanvaar en hulle het saamgestem dat dit meer betroubaar en akkuraat is as die daaglikse kliniese assesseringsmetode. Die kwantitatiewe bevindings hou goed verband met dié van soortgelyke studies waarin daar bevind is dat die daaglikse prestasie swak gekorreleer het met die bevoegdheidseksamen (ʼn soortgelyke beginsel as die kliniese toets van die Pro400). Dit het ook uit die bevindings van hierdie navorsing geblyk dat daar ʼn beter korrelasie is tussen die kliniese toetspunt en die teoriepunt as tussen die daaglikse kliniese punt en die teoriepunt. Hierdie bevinding het ʼn duidelike verband getoon met die dosente se siening dat die kliniese toetse as ʼn kliniese assesseringsinstrument meer betroubaar is as die daaglikse kliniese punt in die PRO400-module in die Tandheelkunde-program.

Objetivo: Determinar la ocupabilidad de sillones dentales según los niveles de pregrado y postgrado durante los turnos clínicos, días y meses en el Centro Universitario de Salud de una universidad privada de Lima durante el periodo de setiembre a noviembre del 2019. Materiales y métodos: La muestra estuvo conformada por un total de 41 sillones dentales, distribuidos en 31 sillones dentales para los alumnos de pregrado y 10 sillones dentales para los alumnos del postgrado del centro universitario de salud entre los meses de setiembre a noviembre. Estos datos fueron analizados bajo una fórmula aritmética para hallar la ocupabilidad diaria. Por último, se obtuvo el promedio de ocupabilidad de los sillones dentales evaluados. Los datos obtenidos fueron analizados mediante estadística descriptiva (media y desviación estándar). Resultados: El promedio de la ocupabilidad de los 3 meses evaluados fue de 62%(20). El nivel de pregrado obtuvo una ocupabilidad de 66%(20) y el nivel de postgrado obtuvo un 43%(12). A nivel mensual, setiembre obtuvo una ocupabilidad de 58%(19), octubre de 61%(20) y noviembre de 67%(24). Por consiguiente, a nivel semanal resalta la semana 02 del mes de noviembre con una ocupabilidad de 87%(23) por los alumnos de pregrado. Conclusión: El promedio de la ocupabilidad fue de 62%(20), siendo el mes de noviembre el de mayor ocupabilidad con un 67%(24). / Objective: To determine the occupancy of dental chairs with respect to the level of clinical training, comparing undergraduate and postgraduate programs, during students’ clinical shifts over days, weeks and months at the university health center in a private university in Lima during the period from September to November in 2019. Materials and methods: The sample size included a total of 41 dental chairs, 31 of which were assigned to undergraduate students and 10 to postgraduate students at the university health center between September and November. The data was analyzed using an arithmetic formula to calculate daily occupancy. Finally, the average occupancy of the dental chairs was obtained. The data was analyzed using descriptive statistics (mean and standard deviation). Results: The average occupancy over the 3 months was 62%(20). The undergraduate program showed 66%(20) occupancy and the postgraduate program showed 43%(12) occupancy. In terms of specific months, September showed 58%(19) occupancy, October 61%(20) occupancy and November 67%(24) occupancy. In terms of weeks, the second week of November showed the highest 87%(23) occupancy for undergraduate students. Conclusion: The average occupancy was 62%(20). The month of November showed the highest occupancy, at 67%(24). / Tesis