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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Autonomia do idoso : avalia??o da capacidade da tomada de decis?o e associa??o com depress?o maior

Silva, Anelise Crippa 10 January 2017 (has links)
Submitted by Caroline Xavier (caroline.xavier@pucrs.br) on 2017-05-02T17:12:04Z No. of bitstreams: 1 TES_ANELISE_CRIPPA_SILVA_PARCIAL.pdf: 6391442 bytes, checksum: 0efab6d2d7b3764b06ff756e30d69d13 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-05-02T17:12:04Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 TES_ANELISE_CRIPPA_SILVA_PARCIAL.pdf: 6391442 bytes, checksum: 0efab6d2d7b3764b06ff756e30d69d13 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-01-10 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior - CAPES / INTRODUCTION: In recent decades, the elderly population in Brazil has increased significantly, raising the average life expectancy at birth. Diseases are a general concern for this age group, particularly mental illness, with depression being the most common and already considered a public health issue. The growing elderly population affects a variety of areas including the legal field, requiring greater care and support due to their vulnerability. Thus, legal instruments governing elderly rights should be related to the reality experienced by this group and their illnesses, which can affect legal issues. OBJECTIVE: The present study aimed to create and validate an instrument capable of assessing decision-making ability and apply it to elderly individuals suffering from major depressive disorder, before and after treatment. METHOD: The study was divided into three stages creation, validation and application to elderly participants suffering from major depressive disorder. In stage one, an instrument was designed and assessed by magistrates, with answers based on the Likert Scale. Aspects assessed were clarity, ambiguity, relevance and whether each of the questions corresponded to only one answer. In stage two, the instrument was applied to elderly participants in the Cerebral Aging Program (PENCE) of the Porto Alegre Family Health Strategy in partnership with the Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS). Exclusion criteria were cognitive deficit or impairment and neuropsychiatric diseases, assessed using the Vellore Screening Instrument for Dementia and the Global Deterioration Scale (GDS). Stage three consisted of a cohort study in which elderly patients with major depressive disorder and no cognitive deficit or impairment were treated by the HSL-PUCRS psychiatric team at the PENCE clinic for six months. The scale designed in stage one and validated in stage two was applied to participants before and after treatment. The Vellore, GDS, MINI-PLUS and Addenbroocke screening instruments were used. The study was approved by the PUCRS Research Ethics Committee. RESULTS: Stage one produced in an instrument containing 30 questions. In stage two, 10 participants were interviewed for each question devised, totaling 300 elderly subjects. The instrument was validated by calculating Cronbach?s alpha, obtaining a total alpha of 0.814, demonstrating its reliability and validity. Next, the instrument was finalized with 18 questions and divided into four domains: daily activity, financial management, self-management and well-being. This produced the ESCADE: Assessment Scale for Decision-Making Capacity. In stage three, 48 elderly subjects suffering from major depressive disorder were interviewed before and after treatment and compared to individuals from the control group. A change was observed in the autonomy of the elderly patients from the moment of diagnosis with major depressive disorder, indicating improvement after treatment. This result remained the same on comparison with the control group. CONCLUSION: It was concluded that the instrument developed in this study is capable of assisting both health care teams, particularly doctors required to provide reports, and magistrates who often deal with cases that require them to rule on incapacity. The ESCADE is highly relevant in terms of supported decision-making, since the domains presented make it possible to identify the exact area in which support is required. / INTRODU??O: No Brasil, nas ?ltimas d?cadas, a popula??o de idosos cresceu significativamente, elevando-se a m?dia et?ria de expectativa de vida ao nascer. Os agravos de doen?as, principalmente mentais, nessa faixa et?ria s?o de preocupa??o geral, sendo a depress?o a mais frequente, j? considerada problema de sa?de p?blica. Decorrentes do aumento do n?mero desses indiv?duos ocorrem reflexos em diversas ?reas, sendo a jur?dica uma delas, carecendo maior cuidado e respaldo devido a sua vulnerabilidade. Assim, instrumentos jur?dicos de prote??o devem estar relacionados com a realidade vivenciada pelos idosos e seus agravos de sa?de, que podem afetar as quest?es legais. OBJETIVO: O presente trabalho teve como objetivo criar e validar um instrumento capaz de avaliar a capacidade de decis?o, al?m de aplic?-lo em idosos com depress?o maior atual antes e ap?s o tratamento. M?TODO: Para sua realiza??o, esta pesquisa foi dividida em tr?s etapas: cria??o, valida??o e aplica??o em idosos com depress?o maior atual. Na etapa I, criou-se um instrumento que foi avaliado por ju?zes avaliadores, sendo as respostas baseadas na Escala Likert. Foram avaliadas clareza, ambiguidade, pertin?ncia e se cada uma das perguntas correspondia a apenas uma resposta. Na etapa II, foi aplicado esse instrumento em idosos que faziam parte do Programa de Envelhecimento Cerebral (PENCE) da Estrat?gia Sa?de da Fam?lia de Porto Alegre, em parceria com a PUCRS. Os idosos n?o podiam ter d?ficit ou decl?nio cognitivo, nem doen?as neuropsiqui?tricas, sendo aplicado os instrumentos Vellori e GDS para essa verifica??o. Na etapa III, foi realizado uma coorte, em que idosos com depress?o maior atual e sem decl?nio ou d?ficit cognitivo foram atendidos pela equipe de psiquiatras do HSL-PUCRS, no ambulat?rio do PENCE. Estes realizaram tratamento por seis meses. A escala desenvolvida na etapa I e validada na etapa II foi aplicada nesses idosos, antes e ap?s o tratamento. Foram utilizados os testes Vellori, GDS, MINI-PLUS e Addenbroocke. Esta pesquisa somente teve in?cio ap?s a aprova??o no Comit? de ?tica em Pesquisa da PUCRS. RESULTADO: Na etapa I, se obteve um instrumento com 30 quest?es finais. Na etapa II, para cada pergunta desenvolvida foram entrevistados 10 idosos, totalizando 300 idosos ao final. A valida??o desse instrumento se deu pelo c?lculo de alfa de Crombach, em um total do alfa de 0,814, mostrando confiabilidade e validade da escala desenvolvida. Esse instrumento, ap?s o c?lculo do alfa de Crombach, foi finalizado com 18 quest?es e est? dividido em quatro dom?nios: atividade di?ria, gest?o financeira, autogest?o e bem-estar. Resultou assim a ESCADE: Escala de Avalia??o de Capacidade de Decis?o. Na etapa III, foram entrevistados 48 idosos com depress?o maior atual, antes e ap?s o tratamento. Eles tamb?m foram comparados com indiv?duos do grupo-controle. Foi poss?vel verificar que h? altera??o na autonomia dos idosos no momento em que foram diagnosticados com depress?o maior atual, havendo melhora ap?s o tratamento. Quando comparados ao grupo-controle, o resultado n?o se alterou. CONCLUS?O: Ap?s o desenvolvimento da presente pesquisa, foi poss?vel concluir que se est? diante de um instrumento capaz de auxiliar tanto a equipe da ?rea da sa?de, em especial os m?dicos que necessitam realizar laudos, quanto os magistrados que se deparam, n?o raras as vezes, com casos em que requer sua decis?o sobre a incapacidade. Hoje a ESCADE se faz ainda mais relevante diante da tomada de decis?o apoiada, uma vez que ? poss?vel, pelos dom?nios apresentados, identificar a ?rea exata em que necessita de um apoiador.
2

Os caminhos da depress?o e sua cartografia na adolesc?ncia e in?cio da adultez / The ways of depression and its cartography in adolescence and early adults

Abreu, Rosemarie Elizabeth de 03 March 2006 (has links)
Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-04T18:29:26Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Rosemarie Elizabeth.pdf: 975117 bytes, checksum: b92177ce882a77c11884e90b9344d9f0 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006-03-03 / The present study analyzed several causes of psychosocial and environment issues (DSM IV revised axis) affecting the incidence of the major depression (axis I) in young women between 16 and 25 years old assisted at the psychiatric ambulatory unit of the State University of Londrina, UEL. At the first phase of this research, it was studied medical records in a descriptive manner. In the second phase, 32 depressive patients of this ambulatory, who were previously submitted to a structured clinical interview (clinical version Scid-I) and DSM-IV axis (psychosocial and environment issues), were selected for inclusion in the study. In the final phase, it was done a therapeutic group attendance composed only by four patients. The results emphasized the significance of the union in a collaborative research, as much as the presence of a holding environment, through the transitional space, which offered perspectives of continuity of the group therapy, with their expectative the cure of depression / O presente estudo investigou a determina??o de v?rios problemas pssicossociais e ambientais (eixo DSM-IV revisado) na incid?ncia da depress?o maior (eixo I), em mulheres jovens com idades entre 16 e 25 anos, atendidas no ambulat?rio de psiquiatria da Universidade Estadual de Londrina, UEL. Na primeira etapa desta pesquisa, foram analisados prontu?rios m?dicos de modo descritivo. Na segunda etapa, foram selecionadas 32 pacientes com depress?o maior, e que foram previamente submetidas ? entrevista cl?nica estruturada (Scid-I vers?o cl?nica) e eixo IV do DSM-IV (problemas pssicossociais e ambientais), para inclus?o no estudo. Na etapa final, foi realizada a consulta terap?utica em grupo, realizada somente em 04 pacientes. Os resultados enfatizaram a import?ncia da integra??o em uma pesquisa colaborativa, bem como a exist?ncia de um ambiente de holding , atrav?s do espa?o transicional oferecido com perspectivas de continuidade deste atendimento em grupo, tendo como expectativa a cura da depress?o

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