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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

AvaliaÃÃo em unidade piloto da desativaÃÃo de catalisadores industriais de hidrotratamento. / Evaluation in pilot plant of the deactivation of industrial hydrotreating catalysts

Marcelo Ramalho Amora Junior 10 December 2015 (has links)
PetrÃleo Brasileiro S/A / O objetivo principal à determinar a atividade catalÃtica residual e as causas da desativaÃÃo de amostras de catalisadores de uma unidade de HDT de lubrificantes. Foram realizadas corridas em unidade piloto, caracterizaÃÃo dos catalisadores e coletados dados do histÃrico operacional da unidade industrial. A atividade catalÃtica foi determinada atravÃs das conversÃes das reaÃÃes de HDA, HDS e HDN bem como pelos parÃmetros cinÃticos aparentes de um modelo de lei das potÃncias e lei de Arrhenius. Os catalisadores dos leitos principais de entrada e saÃda dos reatores industrial foram os mais desativados e o menos desativado o do leito intermediÃrio sendo estabelecida a seguinte ordem de atividade catalÃtica residual: R1L3 (meio) > R1L2 (topo)  R2L2 (fundo). Os resultados de teor e caracterÃsticas do coque, contaminantes e propriedades texturais sugerem que mecanismos distintos tenham causado a desativaÃÃo desses catalisadores: deposiÃÃo de metais e deposiÃÃo de coque. Os mecanismos de desativaÃÃo foram fortemente influenciados pelo posicionamento das amostras no interior do leito catalÃtico. No inÃcio do leito, a contaminaÃÃo por metais (notadamente Si e As) revelou-se o principal mecanismo de desativaÃÃo. Jà no final do leito, a deposiÃÃo de coque foi o mecanismo preponderante e a temperatura de reaÃÃo identificada como a principal causa para o maior envelhecimento do coque. / The main objective of this work is to study the residual catalyst activity and the mechanisms of deactivation of catalyst from a lube-oil hydroprocessing industrial unit. In order to accomplish this, pilot plant tests were carried out followed by spent catalysts characterization. The residual catalytic activity was determined by HDA, HDS and HDN conversions and adjusted by a power law apparent kinetic model. Pilot plant tests revealed different levels of residual activity for spent catalyst samples. Catalyst samples taken from the first and last of the five catalytic beds showed higher deactivation than others. Catalyst characterization results pointed out two mechanisms as the main reason for the catalytic deactivation through the industrial reactor: poisoning by metal deposition (mainly Si and As) and coke deposition. Poisoning was the main deactivation mechanism for the first bed spent catalyst sample, while coke deposition was predominant at the last catalytic bed sample. Reactor temperature was identified as the most important operational parameter considering coke aging.

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