This study investigates the corporate social responsibility (CSR) exercised by the multinational oil companies (MNOCs) operating in the Niger Delta, and its impact on sustainable development (SD) in this important region of Nigeria. Particular focus is given to sustainable improvement in well-being and enhancement of socio-economic development for the local communities. To investigate these, archival from newspapers, magazines documents on CSR in Niger Delta from NGOs, documents from oil company’s websites and interview data from forty participants from the local communities, stakeholders and senior managers from the MNOCs were obtained. The MNOCs’ CSR and SD policies and practices were also inspected from the company’s website and photographs of the local environment around the MNOCs extraction suites and plant were also collected. These data were then analysed using: photo voice, document analysis, constructivist grounded theory, website-based content analysis, and covert participant observation. The study identified discrepancies between the MNOCs declared online CSR and SD policies and practices and those in operation in the Niger Delta region. Our findings also show that local communities are marginalised. To address this, it is argued that Ruggie’s frameworks, Sen’s capability approach for a full life, and Bowen’s list of social goals should be used as guiding principles by the MNOCs in the Niger Delta region. The study offers theoretical, empirical and methodological contributions to the studies of business ethics, international management and international business by offering new insights into CSR and SD. / Nigerian Government; Education Trust Fund (ETF) / On title page: Vol I of II. Only this file was provided.

Submitted by Alane dos Santos Viana (alane.viana@ucsal.br) on 2017-03-20T15:29:50Z No. of bitstreams: 1 PINHA, NCCL-2016.pdf: 2578523 bytes, checksum: 20ee9436fd4b36525b201bdb5693d940 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Rosemary Magalhães (rosemary.magalhaes@ucsal.br) on 2017-03-20T15:50:16Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 PINHA, NCCL-2016.pdf: 2578523 bytes, checksum: 20ee9436fd4b36525b201bdb5693d940 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-03-20T15:50:16Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 PINHA, NCCL-2016.pdf: 2578523 bytes, checksum: 20ee9436fd4b36525b201bdb5693d940 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-11-28 / Este estudo discute as contribuições da participação social para o processo do Desenvolvimento Territorial em nível local, com ênfase no processso de requalificação do Parque São Bartolomeu, tendo como referência de análise as atas das reuniões do Conselho Gestor da Apa Bacia Rio do Cobre/São Bartolomeu no período de 2008-2014, e com destaque para a contribuição das representações comunitárias integrantes do referido conselho. Propõe entender, discutir e refletir quanto às concepções teóricas da Participação social e sua relevância para o processo do desenvolvimento das comunidades do entorno do Parque São Bartolomeu, onde existem uma série de questões socioambientais históricas e complexas, que requer reflexões, estudo e avaliação crítica a fim de se compreender a dimensão de um todo local como reflexo de um mundo global. É resultado dos estudos realizados ao longo do Mestrado acadêmico, do Programa em Planejamento Territorial e Desenvolvimento Social, da Universidade Católica do Salvador, UCSAL. Traz elementos que contribuem para a compreensão dos aspectos em pauta e sua dimensão na atualidade, considerando a crise vigente. Foram utilizados alguns referenciais teóricos recomendados ao longo da construção do projeto de pesquisa, que deram subsídio à fundamentação e sistematização deste estudo, tendo como metodologia de pesquisa, a análise de conteúdo das atas das reuniões ordinárias e extraordinárias do Conselho Gestor da Apa Bacia do Cobre / São Bartolomeu, o Plano de Manejo do Parque São Bartolomeu (PSB), e de informações obtidas junto aos representantes dos órgãos governamentais envolvidos no processo de requalificação do Parque de São Bartolomeu. Concluiu-se a partir das verbalizações dos representantes comunitários registradas nas atas de reuniões do conselho gestor, que a participação dos mesmos é bastante significativa quanto aos seus posicionamentos, discussões, pareceres e encaminhamentos para as questões socioambientais junto aos órgãos governamentais, alguns destes também integrantes do conselho, a exemplo da CONDER, SEDUR e INEMA, entre outros. / This study discusses the contributions of social participation in the process of territorial development at the local level, with emphasis on processo redevelopment of St Bartholomew Park, as an analytical reference the minutes of the meetings of the Management Board of Apa River Basin Copper / São Bartolomeu the period of 2008-2014, and highlighting the contribution of Community representations of the board members. Proposes understand, discuss and reflect about the theoretical concepts of social participation and its relevance to the development process of the communities surrounding the São Bartolomeu Park, where there are a number of historical and complex environmental issues which require reflection, study and critical evaluation order to understand the scale of a whole site as a reflection of a global world. It is the result of studies conducted over the academic Master of the Program in Territorial and Social Development Planning, Catholic University of Salvador, UCSAL. It brings important elements that contribute to the understanding of the issues at hand and its size at present, considering the current civilizational crisis. We used some theoretical frameworks recommended throughout the construction of the research project, which gave grant to the foundation and systematization of this study, with the research methodology, content analysis of the minutes of regular and special meetings of the Council Manager of Apa Basin Copper / St. Bartholomew, the St. Bartholomew Park Management Plan, and as a methodological procedure, the collection of information obtained from the representatives of government agencies involved in the rehabilitation process of São Bartolomeu Park. It was concluded from the verbalizations of the community representatives recorded in the minutes of management meetings, that their participation is quite significant in terms of their positioning, discussions, opinions and referrals to social and environmental issues with governmental bodies, some of them also members of the board, such as CONDER, SEDUR and INEMA, among others.

The Diploma work compares the records in local, parish and school chronicles in Ledenice, a small town near České Budějovice. The work is split up to four basic chapters. It contains an extensive list of the literature and sources as well as the abundant supplements. The first chapter is about concise history of town, parish and school in Ledenice, the second chapter is about the development of Czech chronicle writing from the Middle Ages till present (inclusive of the history of local, parish and school chronicle writing). The thirt chapter includes development of chronicle writing in Ledenice, in this chapter we don´t miss description of the particular books, analysis of the records and brief biography of all chroniclers. The last pivotal chapter compares chronicle-records in the chosen period 1900{--}1950, puts near common topics as well as the specialities of particular chronicles and chroniclers. Short summaries are in this fourth chapter, the result from all the research is in the ending.

The mainstream accounts on local growth politics, which generally conceptualize the current context around the globalization of investments and the prominent role of local entrepreneuralism, argue for the tendency towards local coalitions. In opposition, the main argument of the thesis is that an increasingly fragmented and conflictual local growth politics is the defining feature of the contemporary localities. Defining the current context around the increased involvement of the business actors in directing the path of local economic growth and of the local state institutions in entrepreneurial activities, it was shown in Manisa case that intra-local conflicts are likely to deepen under conditions of increased inter-urban competition. By critically employing the concept of local dependence, it was shown that different local dependence factors result in the differentiation of the local actors&rsquo / priorities and preferences with regard to the utilization of local resources. Thus, it is concluded that a common local interest is not possible and that conflicts and contentions (between different-fractions of capital and between local labor and capital) stemming from the existence of different local dependence factors mark the process of local growth politics. As a special dependence factor in terms of local politics, the generation of land-rent was identified to be a potential basis for local collaborations whereas it was also found out that such coalitions are likely to be temporary and open to political contention. On the other hand, the supra-local relations of actors, which are essential for the pursuasion of local interests, are observed to have a determinant effect on local conflicts.

Diss. Uppsala : Univ., 2002.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T15:51:30Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 FelicidadeJC_DISSERT.pdf: 1319475 bytes, checksum: 2ded949f816fffa65b74a382748d9b1d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-03-13 / The current debate on rural development focuses on the territorial approach, recognizing the multifunctional character of rural areas. Emphasize the use of endogenous forces, the need of implement policies which valorize local specificities, the participation of social actors in revitalization of rural areas. In this context tourism enters as a means to induce a new dynamic to rural areas, since the activity is regarded as a channel for the upgrading of the natural and cultural resources and the rural way of life. This study focuses on local-based tourism as a promoter of rural development, giving an analysis of the social reality and potential for this tourism in the district of Dondo. In it, is proposed to analyze the potential for development of local-based tourism in the district of Dondo, assessing the extent to which local reality enables the inclusion of the community in the management of local tourism resources. For this, was showed the inclusion of local-based tourism in the current context of rural development, was identified and organized systematically the factors that influence the implementation of local-based tourism in the study area and was verified as far as possible the study area corresponds to the constraints identified, showing how local-based tourism can best been encouraged. Was adopted a qualitative methodological approach to both the procedures and data processing, but also by critical approach, using bibliographical research, semi-structured interviews that fell on the group of public administrators who work in tourism and community leaders. The critical analysis was based on the principles of sustainability o Sachs particular ecological, social, cultural, economic, space, beyond the analysis of political and institutional aspects. The survey results show that the district of Dondo has a potential for implementing a model of tourism development on a local basis, since it is rich in natural and cultural research, benefits from good network accessibility in the context of the market in the region, the population live according to their habits and customs and value their identity. There is also a good cooperation between community members, although not in tourism, a fact which is observed through the lever of community participation in associations, cooperatives, working in areas such as agriculture, fishing, environment, civic education etc. It also has public funding sources to augment or stimulate local investment. Despite obstacles such as inexistence of policies and local plans for tourism development, lack of awareness of tourism, lack of basic infrastructure, as well as equipment and facilities to support tourism, the results shows that these problems can be solved through a public commitment from both government, and community through a joint planning and participation / O atual debate sobre desenvolvimento rural focaliza a abordagem territorial, reconhecendo o car?ter multifuncional do espa?o rural. Enfatiza o aproveitamento das for?as end?genas, a necessidade de implementa??o de pol?ticas que valorizem as especificidades locais, a participa??o dos atores sociais na dinamiza??o e revitaliza??o do espa?o rural. ? neste contexto que o turismo entra como um dos poss?veis meios para induzir uma nova din?mica no espa?o rural, visto que a atividade ? tida como um canal para a revaloriza??o dos recursos naturais e culturais, bem como do modo de vida rural. Este estudo trata do turismo de base local como indutor de desenvolvimento rural, traduzindo-se numa an?lise da realidade e das potencialidades no distrito de Dondo. Nele se prop?s analisar as potencialidades para a implanta??o do turismo de base local no Distrito de Dondo, avaliando at? que ponto a realidade local possibilita a inclus?o da comunidade na gest?o dos recursos tur?sticos locais. Para tal mostrou-se a inser??o do turismo de base local no atual contexto de desenvolvimento rural; identificou-se e organizou-se sistematicamente os fatores que condicionam a implementa??o do turismo de base comunit?ria na ?rea de estudo; e verificou-se at? que ponto a ?rea estudada corresponde aos condicionantes identificados, mostrando como o turismo de base local pode ser melhor incentivado. Adotou-se como recurso metodol?gico a abordagem qualitativa, tanto pelos procedimentos e tratamento de dados, como tamb?m, pela abordagem cr?tica, utilizou-se tamb?m, a pesquisa bibliogr?fica e documental, as entrevistas semi-estruturadas direcionadas ao grupo de gestores p?blicos que atuam em turismo e lideres comunit?rios. A an?lise critica foi feita com base nos princ?pios de sustentabilidade, nomeadamente sustentabilidade ambiental, social, cultural, econ?mica e espacial, para al?m da an?lise dos aspectos pol?tico-institucionais. Os resultados da pesquisa mostram que o distrito de Dondo apresenta um potencial para implementa??o de um modelo de desenvolvimento de turismo de base local, pois ele ? rico em recursos naturais e culturais, beneficia-se de uma boa rede de acessibilidade no contexto do mercado da regi?o, a popula??o vive segundo os seus h?bitos e costumes e valorizam a sua identidade. Constata-se tamb?m uma boa coopera??o entre os membros da comunidade, embora n?o seja em turismo, fato que se observa atrav?s do n?vel de participa??o da comunidade em associa??es, cooperativas e n?cleos atuando em ?reas como agricultura, pesca, extra??o de carv?o vegetal, ambiente, educa??o c?vica, etc. Possui tamb?m fontes de financiamento p?blico para incrementar ou estimular o investimento local. Apesar de obst?culos como inexist?ncia de pol?ticas e planos locais para o desenvolvimento do turismo, falta de consci?ncia em rela??o ao turismo, insufici?ncia em infra-estruturas b?sicas, bem como em equipamentos e meios de apoio ao turismo, denota-se que estes problemas podem ser solucionados por meio de um comprometimento tanto do setor p?blico, como da comunidade atrav?s de uma planifica??o conjunta e participativa

Made available in DSpace on 2017-07-10T18:33:57Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertacao Elizangela Mara Carvalheiro.pdf: 2714465 bytes, checksum: 5c6c9a81423c2a4618d8ed4842fcea1f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2005-03-23 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico / The work has as mark to analyze the main aspects of the historical evolution of the sugar cane agribusiness paranaense from his/her origin to the days today. Thus, the development of the sugar cane activity and some formations of the agribusiness paranaenses dress a to leave of a wide horizon, considering the aspects political, economical, social ecological of and, to the of it provided Paraná a prominence position any national of scenery, being just overcome by the of State São Paulo. Corollary of the, four points stand out: The first refers the historical of reconstruction of the process of installation of the productive units, in that it is verified that to suck cane production contributed to change the economical atmosphere and of the regions where he cultural settled. Of the second is of according to the fact that the companies to the noticed in the certain municipal district, they join to series of transformations, be ambient social or economical, generating the process of the vocation inhabitant's substitution. Of that forms, the municipal districts holders of the productive units, majority of yours of in they live the type of productive dependence of the suck cane agribusiness. The third display that before he makes process of development of the agribusiness and the crescent process of modernization/industrialization of the agriculture, what is verified any to suck cane of scenery is the group of changes it goes the involved agents any productive of process, what can be noticed, above all, through the production relationships that it is configured the to leave of the expansion of the busy areas with one of culture sugar cane. Already the fourth refers to generated transformations of the ambient social. In if treating of the factories and distilleries, it is noticed an occurrence of an intransigent one and it force hard-working oppression of the sober, and, manners of the cane cutters special, sober, live that, the day of each, an uncertainty of the maintenance of his work, that once and goes all of adds to suck mill owners of the they plows, once and goes all of each, looking is the mechanization adoption in the agricultural area and, even of until, adds machines of the one of introduction any cane of the one of cut. / O trabalho tem como escopo analisar os principais aspectos caracterizadores da evolução histórica da agroindústria canavieira paranaense desde sua origem até os dias de hoje. Dessa forma, o desenvolvimento da atividade canavieira e a formação da agroindústria paranaense, vistas a partir de um horizonte amplo, considerando os aspectos políticos, econômicos, sociais e ecológicos, proporcionou ao Paraná uma posição de destaque no cenário nacional, sendo superado apenas pelo Estado de São Paulo. Como corolário, quatro pontos se destacam: primeiro refere-se a reconstrução histórica do processo de instalação das unidades produtivas, em que se verifica que a produção canavieira contribuiu para mudar o ambiente econômico e cultural das mesorregiões onde se instalou. No segundo está presente o fato de que as empresas ao se fixaram num determinado município, agregam uma série de transformações, seja no ambiente social ou no econômico, gerando um processo de substituição da vocação local. Dessa forma, os municípios detentores das unidades produtivas, em sua maioria, vivenciam uma espécie de dependência produtiva da agroindústria canavieira. O terceiro mostra que diante do processo de desenvolvimento da agroindústria e o crescente processo de modernização/industrialização da agricultura, o que se verifica no cenário canavieiro é um conjunto de mudanças para os agentes envolvidos no processo produtivo, o que pode ser percebido, sobretudo, através das relações de produção que se configura a partir da expansão das áreas ocupadas com a cultura de cana-de-açúcar. Já o quarto, refere-se à transformações geradas no ambiente social. Em se tratando das usinas e destilarias, percebe-se a ocorrência de uma acirrada e violenta opressão sobre os trabalhadores, e, de modo especial, sobre os cortadores de cana, que vivem, a cada dia, a incerteza da manutenção de seu trabalho, uma vez que, os usineiros, estão, cada vez mais, buscando a adoção de mecanização na área agrícola e, até mesmo, a introdução das máquinas no corte da cana.

Cette recherche doctorale porte sur les mutations diverses qui s’opèrent aujourd’hui à Bat Trang, un village de métier au Vietnam. Comme d’autres économies en transition, le Vietnam est entré dans une phase de transition, marquée par son ouverture à l’économie internationale et son inscription au marché mondial. Dans ce contexte, nous cherchons à comprendre les mutations induites lors du passage d’une économie planifiée à une économie de marché et à montrer la spécificité de l’agglomération industrielle du district de Bat Trang. Pour ce faire, il convient d’étudier la dynamique sociale des acteurs politiques, économiques, institutionnels et sociaux qui forment la configuration de Bat Trang. La reconstitution de l’évolution des relations articulées entre ces acteurs permettra d’éclairer les mutations de Bat Trang. En suivant une approche socio-anthropologique et en nous référant à la théorie des districts industriels, nous avons procédé à une analyse approfondie de la mutation de Bat Trang sur la dimension tant politique qu’organisationnelle. Le village de métier de Bat Trang constitue un véritable modèle de transition portant des ruptures et des continuités par rapport à son système antérieur. A l’aide de la théorie sociologique de Norbet Elias, nous avons reconstitué le jeu entre les différents acteurs (sociaux, économiques et institutionnels) qui structurent le développement de Bat Trang, en montrant la dynamique de leur interaction constante. À travers l’étude de Bat Trang, nous avons aussi mesuré l’originalité d’une forme d’agglomération industrielle au Vietnam. Pour nous, Bat Trang, c’est tout d’abord une zone traditionnelle qui a su s’appuyer sur son savoir-faire et son organisation traditionnelle ; qui a su surmonter ses handicaps pour promouvoir l’adaptation de toutes ses activités. Bien qu’il existe très peu d’aides des autorités locales, les entreprises de la zone sont en train d’opérer une conversion de leur technologie par un remplacement (des fours à charbon par des fours à gaz) ou une adaptation (invention de nouveaux fours à gaz). Les nouveaux acteurs introduits dans le système (club, association) ont pour tâche principale de fournir une assistance aux entreprises qui peuvent ainsi créer de nouvelles filières d’activités et trouver de nouveaux débouchés de commercialisation. Bat Trang constitue également une zone en cours d’institutionnalisation qui se manifeste par la création de la zone industrielle et d’un centre de formation professionnelle. La transformation profonde de Bat Trang amène les artisans à se tourner vers une production plus industrialisée. Au cours des dernières années, la zone de Bat Trang a reçu, à l’évidence, un appui important des autorités locales, qui ont lancé des actions de politique locale. Nous avons également pris en compte des nouveaux phénomènes qui exercent une certaine influence, négative ou positive, sur le développement de la zone de Bat Trang : délocalisation des activités, faible capacité d’innovation du district, les liens avec la R&D, marketing etc. Pour résoudre les problèmes auxquels la zone est confrontée aujourd’hui, il faudrait une mobilisation des ressources internes et externes pour développer une synergie locale. / This doctoral research focuses on the various changes taking place today in Bat Trang, a craft village in Vietnam. Like other transition economies, Vietnam is entering the transition period, marking its openness to international economy and its entry in the global market. In this context, we seek to understand the changes induced during the transition from a planned economy to a market one and to show the specificity of industrial district Bat Trang. To do this, it is necessary to study the social dynamics of political, economic, institutional and social settings that shape the Bat Trang. The reconstruction of the evolving relationship between these articulated actors will illuminate the changes in Bat Trang. Following a socio-anthropological approach and referring to the theory of industrial districts, we were able to carry out a thorough analysis on the mutation of Bat Trang on both political and organizational dimension. The craft village Bat Trang really constitutes a model of transition having the discontinuities and continuities from its old system. With the help of sociological theory of Norbet Elias, we were able to reconstruct the interplay between different actors (social, economic and institutional) that structure the development of Bat Trang, showing dynamics of their interaction. Through our study in Bat Trang, we could also measure the originality of a form of industrial agglomeration in Vietnam. For us, firstly, Bat Trang is a traditional area where people know how to mobilize its expertise and its traditional organization; to overcome its handicaps and to promote an adaptation of its activities. Although there is very little help from the local authority, the firms are in the process of making a technological conversion by either a replacement (from coal-fired kilns to Liquid Petroleum Gas kilns - LPG kilns) or an adaptation (invention new LPG kiln). New introduced actors (clubs, associations) whose main task is to provide technical assistance to firms can create new activities and figure out new outlets for marketing. Bat Trang is also an area being institutionalized as manifested by the presence of the industrial and vocational training center. It lives a profound transformation in which the artisans are turning to a more industrialized production. In recent years, it is clear that the Bat Trang receives substantial support from local politics. Of course, we must take into account new phenomena in Bat Trang that exert some influence (negative or positive) on this area development. This is the relocation of activities, low innovation capacity in the industrial district, the weak link to R & D, marketing, etc. To all resolve, it requires mobilization of internal and external resources for a local synergy.

The dissertation thesis covers the theme of the relationships between the changes of administrative borders and the peripheriality of space on the territory of Czechia since the mid-19th century. The author first defines the fundamental objectives and discusses the bases of the research of changes of administrative borders in Czechia in the process of polarization of space, as well as the general background and approaches to the issue of borders and regions, while emphasizing the concept of inner peripheries and internal borderland. The thesis attempts to contribute to the debate regarding: the importance of administrative borders of regions of different scales in the polarization of space; identification, analysis and evaluation of areas that changed their administrative affiliation at the level of mesoregions (regions) and microregions (districts) on the territory of Bohemia and the Vysočina Region in particular; evaluation of the degree of stability of administrative regions and stability of centers of these regions; and to assessment of the importance of the borders of regions in the context of problems associated with the development of peripheries. Discussion of changes in administrative borders and related development of territorial administration and local government places focuses on the...

Like other countries of the world, Costa Rica faced the challenge of dealing with a variety of trade-offs when implementing sustainability goals in agriculture. Very often, economic promotion is in conflict with goals regarding human and environmental health protection. Organic farming practices could provide strategies to overcome some of these trade-offs. However, in Costa Rica, the majority of farmers still relies on conventional farm practices. In this paper, I investigate the potential for a sustainable transformation in Costa Rica’s agriculture by focusing on organic farming policies. I shed light on the role local actors and organizations play in this process compared to other actor types. I argue that local actors are “the agents of change” in these processes, as these are the target groups of organic farming policies and are the ones who are asked to change their farm practices. Based on survey data and network analysis, I was able to illustrate how differently integrated local actors are compared to other actor types in Costa Rica’s implementation of organic farming policies. Local actors show interest and willingness to further participate in land-use implementation processes when institutional barriers are alleviated, and further promotion instruments are available.