Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:31:10Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2012-02-07Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T19:41:06Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 santana_am_dr_jabo.pdf: 5022570 bytes, checksum: 78a8db02bedcf20f4ca5d7f20fd9bcad (MD5) / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) / O presente estudo teve como objetivo avaliar as alterações clínicas e laboratoriais de bezerros bubalinos infectados experimentalmente com Salmonella Dublin e verificar efeito do tratamento com antibiótico florfenicol. Também teve como objetivo avaliar a eficiência da reação em cadeia da polimerase (PCR) comparativamente ao exame bacteriológico no diagnóstico da salmonelose. Para isso, foram utilizados três grupos experimentais (n=6): controle (grupo 1), que receberam, por via oral, 10 ml de caldo BHI; sem tratamento (grupo 2) e tratados com florfenicol (grupo 3), que receberam, por via oral, 108 UFC de S. Dublin suspensas em 10 ml de BHI. Os bezerros foram submetidos ao exame físico antes da inoculação e a cada 24 horas até o sétimo dia após infecção. Diariamente, foram colhidas amostras de sangue para a realização de hemograma e testes bioquímicos (inclusive proteinograma e hemogasometria) e colhidos suabes retais para identificação de S. Dublin por exame bacteriológico e PCR. A infecção experimental induziu hipertermia e diarreia. A inoculação também provocou leucopenia e neutropenia, hipofosfatemia, aumento das concentrações das proteínas fibrinogênio, ceruloplasmina e haptoglobina e diminuição das concentrações de ferro. Os bezerros tratados não apresentaram cura clínica e bacteriológica concluindo-se que o florfenicol não foi efetivo no combate à S. Dublin. A PCR mostrou-se superior ao isolamento bacteriológico na detecção de S. Dublin. Adicionalmente, a eliminação da bactéria nas fezes dos animais infectados após o período de sintomatologia confirma o estado de portador desses animais / The aim of the study was to evaluate clinical and laboratorial changes in experimentally Salmonella Dublin-infected buffalo calves and the effect of florfenicol antibiotic treatment. Also, the aim of the study was to compare the performance of standard microbiological techniques and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for the diagnosis of S. Dublin. Three experimental groups, with six calves, were formed: control group (G1), that orraly received 10 ml of BHI broth; without any treatment group (G2) and treated with florfenicol group (G3), that orally received 108 CFU of S. Dublin suspended in 10 ml of BHI broth. All calves were submitted to physical examination before experimental inoculation and at every 24 hours up to the 7th day after infection. Daily blood samples were collected for hematological and biochemical analysis (including proteinogram and hemogasometry). Daily rectal swabs were collected for the isolation of S. Dublin by standard microbiological techniques and PCR. The experimental infection induced hyperthermia and diarrhea. The inoculation also caused leukopenia and neutropenia, hypophosphatemia, increase of the fibrinogen, ceruloplasmin and haptoglobin concentrations and decrease of the iron concentrations. Calves treated showed no clinical and bacteriological cure, concluding that florfenicol was not effective against S. Dublin. PCR had better performance in the isolation of S. Dublin when compared with standard microbiological techniques. Additionally, elimination of the bacteria in the feces of infected animals after a period of symptoms confirms the carrier status of buffalo calves

Orientador: José Jurandir Fagliari / Coorientador: Daniela Gomes da Silva / Banca: Roberto Calderon Gonçalves / Banca: Julio Augusto Naylor Lisboa / Banca: Mario Roberto Hatayde / Banca: Fernando Antônio de Ávila / Resumo: O presente estudo teve como objetivo avaliar as alterações clínicas e laboratoriais de bezerros bubalinos infectados experimentalmente com Salmonella Dublin e verificar efeito do tratamento com antibiótico florfenicol. Também teve como objetivo avaliar a eficiência da reação em cadeia da polimerase (PCR) comparativamente ao exame bacteriológico no diagnóstico da salmonelose. Para isso, foram utilizados três grupos experimentais (n=6): controle (grupo 1), que receberam, por via oral, 10 ml de caldo BHI; sem tratamento (grupo 2) e tratados com florfenicol (grupo 3), que receberam, por via oral, 108 UFC de S. Dublin suspensas em 10 ml de BHI. Os bezerros foram submetidos ao exame físico antes da inoculação e a cada 24 horas até o sétimo dia após infecção. Diariamente, foram colhidas amostras de sangue para a realização de hemograma e testes bioquímicos (inclusive proteinograma e hemogasometria) e colhidos suabes retais para identificação de S. Dublin por exame bacteriológico e PCR. A infecção experimental induziu hipertermia e diarreia. A inoculação também provocou leucopenia e neutropenia, hipofosfatemia, aumento das concentrações das proteínas fibrinogênio, ceruloplasmina e haptoglobina e diminuição das concentrações de ferro. Os bezerros tratados não apresentaram cura clínica e bacteriológica concluindo-se que o florfenicol não foi efetivo no combate à S. Dublin. A PCR mostrou-se superior ao isolamento bacteriológico na detecção de S. Dublin. Adicionalmente, a eliminação da bactéria nas fezes dos animais infectados após o período de sintomatologia confirma o estado de portador desses animais / Abstract: The aim of the study was to evaluate clinical and laboratorial changes in experimentally Salmonella Dublin-infected buffalo calves and the effect of florfenicol antibiotic treatment. Also, the aim of the study was to compare the performance of standard microbiological techniques and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for the diagnosis of S. Dublin. Three experimental groups, with six calves, were formed: control group (G1), that orraly received 10 ml of BHI broth; without any treatment group (G2) and treated with florfenicol group (G3), that orally received 108 CFU of S. Dublin suspended in 10 ml of BHI broth. All calves were submitted to physical examination before experimental inoculation and at every 24 hours up to the 7th day after infection. Daily blood samples were collected for hematological and biochemical analysis (including proteinogram and hemogasometry). Daily rectal swabs were collected for the isolation of S. Dublin by standard microbiological techniques and PCR. The experimental infection induced hyperthermia and diarrhea. The inoculation also caused leukopenia and neutropenia, hypophosphatemia, increase of the fibrinogen, ceruloplasmin and haptoglobin concentrations and decrease of the iron concentrations. Calves treated showed no clinical and bacteriological cure, concluding that florfenicol was not effective against S. Dublin. PCR had better performance in the isolation of S. Dublin when compared with standard microbiological techniques. Additionally, elimination of the bacteria in the feces of infected animals after a period of symptoms confirms the carrier status of buffalo calves / Doutor

Clostridium difficile causes pseudomembranous colitis in humans and a similar ileocecitis in hamsters. This organism can colonize the intestines after antibiotic therapy disrupts the normal intestinal microflora. Once established in the intestines, the organism causes disease by producing two toxins, designated toxin A and toxin B. Only toxin A is active on intestinal epithelium, thus toxin A is the cause of the initial tissue damage in the intestines. In order for a toxin to affect a cell, it must first bind to the cell. Toxin A has been shown to bind to Galα1- 3Galβ 1-4GIcNAc on the intestinal epithelium of hamsters. I provide evidence that toxin A can use this trisaccharide as a functional receptor on cell lines, and that the expression of the carbohydrate receptor increases the sensitivity of the cells to toxin A. Furthermore, the intestinal epithelium of infant hamsters bound less toxin A at 37C than did the adult tissue, and infants are less sensitive to the disease caused by C. difficile than are adults. This provides further evidence that the activity of toxin A is increased by the binding of the toxin to Galα1-3Galβ1- 4GlcNAc. Even though Galα1-3Galβ 1-4GlcNAc was a receptor for toxin A on animal cells, it probably is not a receptor for toxin A in humans, because people do not normally express this carbohydrate. Instead, I found that toxin A bound to the carbohydrate antigens designated I, X, and Y, which are present on the intestinal epithelium of humans. These carbohydrates could be receptors for toxin A. The possible significance of these receptors is discussed. / Ph. D.