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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
71

Synthetic studies towards aza-opiates

Naven, Russell T. January 1999 (has links)
No description available.
72

Studies on the biomimetic synthesis of the manzamine alkaloids

Spring, David R. January 1998 (has links)
No description available.
73

New Adventures in the Chemistry of Polycarboncyclic Ring Systems

Dong, Zhiming (Eric) 12 1900 (has links)
I. Diels-Alder reactions of 1,2,3,4,9,9-hexachloro-1,4,4a,8a-tetrahydro-1,4-metha- nonaphthalene (16) and 1,2,3,4,9,9-hexachloro-1,4,6,7-tetrahydro-1,4-methanonaphthalene (17) toward dienophiles N-methyl-1,2,4-triazoline-3,5-dione (MTAD), N-phenyl-1,2,4-triazoline-3,5-dione (PTAD) and/or N-methylmaleimide (NMM) have been examined. II. Epoxides derived from functionalized 1,4,4a,9a-tetrahydro-9,10-dioxo-1,4-methanoanthracenes (1a and 1b) undergo acid- and base-promoted intramolecular nucleophilic ring-opening to form new polycyclic alcohols. III. The title cycloalkylidenecarbene has been generated via reaction of 8-methylenepentacyclo[5.4.0.0^{2,6}.0^{3,10}. 0^{5.9}]undecan-11-one (44) with diethyl diazomethyl-phosphonate (DAMP). This species could be trapped in situ by cyclohexene, thereby affording the corresponding cycloadduct 46a and 46b.
74

Developing Methods for Growing Single-Chirality Carbon Nanotubes and Other Aromatic Systems

Fort, Eric Henry January 2010 (has links)
Thesis advisor: Lawrence T. Scott / The work described herein stems from an effort to develop a method for growing single-chirality carbon nanotubes from small hydrocarbon templates using a Diels-Alder cycloaddition/rearomatization strategy. Current technologies are incapable of producing significant amounts of homogeneous carbon nanotubes; therefore, much research has been put into the development of aromatic templates (belts and bowls), from which one type of nanotube might be grown (Chapter 1). Since no such functional template had yet been synthesized, the work in this dissertation developed reagents and methods for forming new benzene rings on aromatic test systems that would be analogous to the rim of a growing nanotube (Chapters 2 and 4). Theoretical investigations relating to nanotube dimensions (Chapter 3) were undertaken and paired with experimental work that would take into consideration the changing properties of growing tubes (Chapter 5). The test systems used for discovering new reagents for growth also became functional platforms for studies of new reactivity of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), such as bay-region oxidation (Chapter 6) and progress toward the synthesis of soluble graphene ribbons (Chapter 7). This PAH work also resulted in the observation of unique solid state properties in the crystal form (Chapter 8) and novel reactivity, generating five-membered rings by Scholl reactions of tethered PAHs (Chapter 9). Additional considerations for future nanotube templates and fullerene precursors also bore scrutiny (Chapter 10). / Thesis (PhD) — Boston College, 2010. / Submitted to: Boston College. Graduate School of Arts and Sciences. / Discipline: Chemistry.
75

The use of arabinose in asymmetric Diels-Alder reaction.

January 1995 (has links)
by Ivan H.F. Chung. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1995. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 63-67). / Acknowledgements --- p.i / Contents --- p.ii / Abstract --- p.iv / Abbreviations --- p.v / Chapter Chapter I --- Introduction / Chapter I-1. --- General background --- p.1 / Chapter I-2. --- Asymmetric Diels-Alder reaction using chiral auxiliaries --- p.2 / Chapter I-2A --- Some well-known chiral auxiliaries --- p.3 / Chapter I-2B --- Carbohydrates as chiral auxiliaries --- p.6 / Chapter I-3. --- Asymmetric Diels-Alder reaction using chiral catalysts --- p.10 / Chapter Chapter II --- Results and Discussion --- p.14 / Chapter II-1. --- "Synthesis of η6-(benzyl 2-O-acryloyl-3,4-O-isopropylidene- β-L-arabinopyranoside) tricarbonylchromium(O) (47)" --- p.15 / Chapter II-2. --- "Syntheses of 4'-methylbenzyl 2-O-acryloyl-3,4-O- isopropylidene-β-L-arabinopyranoside (57) and η6-(4'- methylbenzyl 2-O-acryloyl-3,4-O-isopropylidene-β-L- arabinopyranoside) tricarbonylchromium(O) (56)" --- p.19 / Chapter II-3. --- "Syntheses of naphthylmethyl 2-O-acryloyl-3,4-O- isopropylidene-α-L-arabinopyranosides" --- p.22 / Chapter II-4. --- Diels-Alder reaction using the dienophiles 56 and 57 as the chiral auxiliaries --- p.25 / Chapter II-5. --- "Synthesis of benzyl 3,4-O-methylene-β-L-arabinopyranoside (81)" --- p.32 / Chapter II-6. --- Using the alcohol 81 as the ligand for Lewis acid in the Diels-Alder reaction --- p.36 / Chapter Chapter III --- Conclusions --- p.38 / Chapter Chapter IV --- Experimental Section --- p.40 / Chapter IV-1. --- Experimental section for the asymmetric Diels-Alder reaction using the chiral auxiliaries --- p.41 / Chapter IV-2. --- Experimental section for the asymmetric Diels-Alder reaction using the chiral catalysts --- p.59 / References --- p.63 / List of spectra --- p.68
76

Preliminary studies for the synthesis of analogues of batrachotoxinin A

Yang-Chung, Guy January 1974 (has links)
No description available.
77

Synthetic approaches to the angucycline antibiotics

Osman, Hasnah, n/a January 2005 (has links)
The stereoselective synthesis of urdamycinone B (17) was achieved in a 21% overall yield from C-glycosyl-naphthoquinone 197. The key reaction was the Diels-Alder cycloaddition reaction of 197 and siloxydiene (�)-117 promoted by a chiral Lewis acid derived from (S)-3,3�-diphenyl-1,1�-binaphthalene-2,2�-diol (291), BH₃.THF and acetic acid. An effective kinetic resolution of (�)-117 occurred. Four cycloadducts 199a-d were formed in a ratio between 84:8:2:6 and 70:9:2:19. Aromatisation of the mixture by treatment with 1,8-diazabicyclo[5.4.0]undec-7-ene (DBU) gave 200a and 200b in 4:1 ratio. A sequence of reactions involving deacetylation, conversion of a phenyldimethylsilyl group into a hydroxyl group and photooxidation gave a 4:1 mixture of urdamycinone B (17) and its C-3 epimer (154). Separation of these products was achieved by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The C-glycosyl donor, 1,3,4-tri-O-acetyl-2,6-dideoxy-D-glucopyranose (204), was synthesised from readily accessible tri-O-acetyl-D-glucal (237) using two approaches. The first involved a sequence of deacetylation, tosylation, lithium aluminium hydride (LiAlH₄) reduction and acetylation to give di-O-acetyl-6-deoxy-D-glucal (242). The triphenylphosphine hydrogen bromide (TPPHBr) catalysed addition of acetic acid to 242 gave 204 in overall yields ranging from 0 to 32%. The step involving the reduction of the tosylate intermediate was the cause of the variable yields. The alternative synthesis started with the TPPHBr catalysed addition of benzyl alcohol to 237. Subsequent deacetylation, tosylation and reduction with LiAlH₄ gave benzyl 2,6-dideoxy-D-glucopyranoside (250). Acetylation and hydrogenolytic debenzylation gave 3,4-di-O-acetyl-2,6-dideoxy-D-glucopyranose (247). Acetylation gave 204 in 40% overall yield. A third approach to 204 involved selective tosylation of methyl α-D-mannopyranoside (258) and subsequent treatment with 2,2-dimethoxypropane under acidic conditions to give acetonide 255. LiAlH₄ reduction of the tosylate gave methyl 6-deoxy-2,3-O-isopropylidene-α-D-mannopyranoside (256). Acidic hydrolysis of 256 and subsequent acetylation afforded 1,2,3,4-tetra-O-acetyl-6-deoxy-α-D-mannopyranoside (260). Treatment of 260 with hydrogen bromide in acetic acid and subsequent reductive elimination with a zinc-copper couple gave 242. The addition of acetic acid catalysed by TPPHBr afforded 204 in 18% overall yield. The final synthesis of 204 started with thiophenyl 2,3,4,6-tetra-O-acetyl-α-D-mannopyranoside (269). A sequence of deacetylation, tosylation and LiAlH₄ reduction gave thiophenyl 2,3-O-isopropylidene-6-deoxy-α-D-mannopyranoside (274). The structure of 274 was confirmed from a single crystal X-ray diffraction study. Hydrolysis of the isopropylidene group of 274 and subsequent acetylation afforded thiophenyl 6-deoxy-2,3,4-tri-O-acetyl-α-D-mannopyrannoside (282). Treatment of 282 with iodine monobromide and subsequent reductive elimination with zinc-copper couple gave 242. The TPPHBr catalysed addition of acetic acid to 242 afforded 204 in 19% overall yield. Differentially protected C-glycosyl donor, 1,3-di-O-acetyl-4-O-benzyl-2,6-dideoxy-D-mannopyranose (265), was synthesised from 274. The benzylation of 274 gave thiophenyl 6-deoxy-2,3-O-isopropylidene-4-O-benzyl-α-D-mannopyranoside (276). Acidic hydrolysis followed by acetylation afforded thiophenyl 6-deoxy-1,2-di-O-acetyl-4-O-benzyl-α-D-mannopyranoside (278) which, upon bromination by iodine monobromide, gave thiophenyl 6-deoxy-1,2-di-O-acetyl-4-O-benzyl-α-D-mannopyranosyl bromide (279). The reductive elimination of 279 with zinc-copper couple gave 3-O-acetyl-4-O-benzyl-6-deoxy-D-glycal (264). The TPPHBr catalysed addition of acetic acid to 264 afforded 1,3-di-O-acetyl-4-O-benzyl-2,6-dideoxy-D-mannopyranose (265) in 16% overall yield from 274. The instabillity of bromide 279 affected the yield of 265. A C-glycosylation study of 2-naphthol 227 and 1,4-dimethoxy-5-hydroxynaphthalene (205) with 2-deoxy-glycosyl acetates was undertaken. Boron trifluoride diethyl etherate (BF₃.Et₂O) and scandium triflate [Sc(OTf)₃] proved effective promoters. For example, the glycosylation reaction of donor 265 and 227, promoted by 0.5 equivalents of Sc(OTf)₃, afforded C-glycoside 2-hydroxy-1-[3�-O-acetyl-4�-O-benzyl-2,6-dideoxy-β-D-manno-hexopyranosyl]-naphthalene (289) in 85% yield.
78

Synthèse et réarrangements de bicyclo[2.2.2]lactones. Application à une nouvelle synthèse de la lactone de Corey

Augustyns, Benoit G. D. 16 January 2004 (has links)
Au cours de ce travail, nous avons synthétisé des lactones bicycliques par réactions de Diels-Alder à demande électronique inverse, de façon énantio- ou diastéréosélective. Pour cela, nous avons étudié, d'une part, un système catalytique à base de triflate d'ytterbium utilisant le binol comme source de chiralité. Nous avons également étudié les cycloadditions d'une 2-pyrone portant une copule chirale dérivée de la pantalactone. Nous avons également découvert et développé un réarrangement radicalaire original de bicyclo[2.2.2]lactones substituées par un groupe phénylséléniure. L'étude du mécanisme de ce réarrangement nous a conduit à la production des lactones pontées [3,2,1], intermédiaires instables qui se transforment rapidement, sous conditions acides, dans les produits fusionnés correspondants. Nous avons ensuite étendu ces conditions à divers substrats et avons démontré que ce réarrangement procédait avec une rétention totale de la stéréochimie relative et absolue de la lactone de départ. Nous avons ensuite utilisé cette séquence tandem de réarrangement dans une courte synthèse de la lactone de Corey, intermédiaire important dans la préparation des prostaglandines.
79

Synthèses asymétriques au départ des 2-azadiènes

Probst-Lapagne, Chloé C. E. J. 19 July 2004 (has links)
Le présent travail est consacré à l'étude des réactions d'hétéro-Diels-Alder des 2-azadiènes et des transformations des hétérocycles formés. La première partie de ce travail est focalisée sur la synthèse asymétrique de pipéridines par réaction de Diels-Alder entre un 3-trialkylsilyloxy-2-azadiène et un diénophile carboné. Dans un premier temps, nous nous sommes attelés à la préparation de pipéridones porteuses d'un hétéroatome en position 3. Nous avons remarqué que certains azadiènes ne peuvent pas être exploités puisqu'ils se dégradent lors de l'étape de distillation. Le procédé à trois composants mis au point précédemment au laboratoire pour la synthèse de pyridones nous a permis de préparer ces nouveaux composés. Ce procédé ne nécessite pas la purification préalable de l'azadiène. Les 2-pipéridones ont été obtenues avec des rendements variables, en fonction de la substitution en position 3 et 6 de l'hétérocycle. Dans un second temps, nous nous sommes intéressés à la mise au point de conditions permettant l'utilisation de cette méthode à trois composants pour la synthèse asymétrique de ces pipéridones en présence du complexe de cuivre (II) associé à la bis[4-(S)-tert-butyloxazoline] (10 % molaire). L'utilisation de triflate de triméthylsilyle comme additif nous a permis d'obtenir certaines pipéridones avec d'excellents rendements et des excès énantiomériques élevés. Cette stratégie de synthèse catalytique asymétrique de dérivés pipéridines est très prometteuse. Outre le contrôle rigoureux que cette réaction exerce sur la configuration absolue de la molécule, elle permet une synthèse convergente de nombreux hétérocycles azotés. Dans la seconde partie de cette thèse, nous avons focalisé nos efforts sur la préparation d'hétérocycles azotés à six chaînons par réaction d'hétéro-Diels-Alder de 2-azadiènes avec des composés azo . Les diénophiles azo non symétriques originaux que nous avons préparés, sont substitués d'une part par un groupement aryle, tert-butyle ou éthoxycarbonyle, et d'autre part, par une fonction acyloxazolidinone, offrant la possibilité de formation d'une complexation bidentate avec le complexe de cuivre chiral. Les 1,2,4-triazinones ont été obtenues avec d'excellents rendements et des excès énantiomériques élevés. Ces réactions conduisant à des hétérocycles azotés chiraux constituent, à notre connaissance, le premier exemple de réaction de Diels-Alder catalytique asymétrique de composés azo. Le comportement de certains de ces composés azo a été évalué dans des réactions d'amination électrophile asymétrique d'éther d'énols silylés. Des dérivés d'acides α-hydrazinés ont été obtenus avec d'excellents rendements et excès énantiomériques.
80

Synthetic studies of N-benzenesulphonyl-6-oxo-5,6,8,9,10,10a-hexahydroindeno [2,1-b]indole and related compounds as intermediatesof C-7 substituted Yuehchukene analogues

黃偉雄, Wong, Wai-hung. January 1990 (has links)
published_or_final_version / Chemistry / Master / Master of Philosophy

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